抄録
The Halliwick method is a method for teaching swimming, and was developed by J. MCMILLAN for handicapped children. He began the work in 1949 at the HALLIWICK SCHOOL in LONDON.
This method integrated scintific knowledge of physiology and hydrodynamics. We can use the method not only for teaching swimming, but also for pool exercise in rehabilitation of various types of handicaps.
This method consist of 4 phases and 10 stages.
Phase 1 Adjustment to water
Mental adjustment Stage 1
Disengagment Stage 2
Phase 2 Balance restoration
Vertical rotation Stage 3
Lateral rotation Stage 4
Combined rotation Stage 5
Upthrust (Buoyancy) Stage 6
Phase 3 Inhibition of movement
Quiet balancing in one
Position Stage 7
Turbulent gliding Stage 8
Phase 4 Facilitation of swimming
Simple progressin Stage 9
Basic movement Stage 10
J. MCMILLAN studied the effectiveness of this method m a 10 year research project (1965～1974) in Bad Ragaz, Switzerland.
He concluded that the method is useful in the following ways:
―For the strengthening of weak muscle groups
―For increasing range of movement
―For improvement of general physical condition
―For reduction of pain
―For reduction of spasticity
―For facilitating balance and postural reactions
―For improvement of mental adaptability
We use the method in Klinik Valens to treat many types of orthopedic and neurological patients. We treat patient both individually and in groups.
