Population dynamics of the regional population of the Japanese macaques at Ryozenyama were studied from the point of view of demography. Most males, perhaps all, left their original troop, mainly between 4 and 6 years old. Sexual interaction with females of the troop was maintained by males who came from outside the troop. Even females with her offspring occasionally left the troop and some of them may have delivered the young outside the troop. If this is comomn among the Japanese macaques, the population dynamics of its regional population is more complicated than expected.