In this paper, a definition and a conceptualization of organizational stress were proposed. Stress was defined as a perceived dynamic state about something important for self. The theoretical frameworks presented in this paper incorporated with individual responses to the stress, individual coping strategies devised by workers depending on their personality traits and behaviors, and coping ways of management, and the author proposed the strategic methods to reduce or prevent fatigue and sickness due to short-term role overload. Furthermore, this paper criticized the models arguing the importance of individual efforts, and suggested that a managerial system for organizational stress played more important role for the of human resources management.