夜間保育の歴史的変遷と夜間保育を取りまく環境の考察

夜間保育をめぐる文献研究から

抄録

The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical transition of night childcare in Japan based on the literature review, and considering the environment, children, parents, and childcare workers, who need this type of childcare through the evaluation of previous research issues. The aim was to raise one main problem regarding the discussion of childcare environment. Articles collected by this study can be found in the CiNii and the report published by the National Night Childcare Federation. The studies were analyzed depending on their topic and keywords. Results indicated the presence of multi-domain tasks in night childcare from the perspective of the social environment. Many individuals had diverse thoughts and conflicts regarding night childcare based on their individual perspectives. These findings also indicate that there is insufficient support for families requiring night childcare. However, the accumulation of multi-domain tasks within the environment surrounding night childcare may be improved by investing resources to solve these issues. Because the night nursery is not a living facility but a day-care facility, it is a place where nursery teachers can build relationships with parents every day. Leveraging this opportunity, it is possible to build a trusting relationship between parents and nursery teachers which provides information on social resources that support parents’ growth as needed. Therefore, human resources and space should be allocated to night nursery schools to provide parents with sufficient psychological support in comparison to daytime nurseries. To realize a sustainable society, the whole society must recognize and develop the possibility of a night care facility that can provide parental daily life support that will protect the best interests of children.