中国沿海地域が日本経済に及ぼした影響

──日中国際・地域間産業連関モデルによる実証分析──

抄録

Beginning in the 21^st century, Japanese firms operating in China expanded their production.　The international division of labor was built by importing materials and parts from Japan to China, followed by exporting the finished products back to Japan, and other countries.　As a result, the trading of intermediate goods rapidly increased.　This expansion of trading made the interrelationships between Japan and China more complex and stronger, causing a significant impact on the Japanese economy.
The objective of this study was to clarify economic impacts on Japan from trade between China and Japan.　The study focused on production expansion and job creation inside Japan that is brought on by the expansion of exporting from Japan to China, which can be considered a positive impact for the Japanese economy.　However, a negative impact can be considered when the production and employment in Japan decrease with expansion of imports from China to Japan.　In this study, these economic impacts, the expansion or contraction of production and employment, were estimated using the Input-Output Model.
The magnitude of the impacts is dependent on the region in China because of the volume of trade, the variety of traded goods, and the regional industrial structures are totally different and independent.　For this reason, the International and Regional Input-Output Models were developed by linking the 2007 Regional Input-Output Tables for 8 regions with the 2007 Japan-China International Input-Output Table.　The 8 regions consisted of Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong in the eastern coastal area, and Sichuan.　Using this combined table, several analyses of the impacts of trade between the regions and Japan were conducted to determine the overall affects on the Japanese economy of production and employment.
The results of the analysis concluded that the Shanghai and Liaoning regions played a role in increasing production, while the other regions showed the opposite effects on production and employment in Japan.　From the sectorial viewpoint, the capital-intensive sectors increased production in Japan, whereas the labor-intensive sectors such as textile products decreased production and employment.　This finding indicates trade expansion between Japan and China can be interpreted as a factor in the Japanese industrial structural changes that are accompanied by an increase in labor productivity.
JEL Classification:R15, F14