ヤマメ腫瘍ウィルス:致死性と腫瘍原性

抄録

In January 1981, we isolated a virus in RTG-2 and CHSE-214 cells from a mandible tumor of a cultured yamame Oncorhynchus masou at Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Cross neutralization test indicated that this virus was apparently closely related to a herpesvirus.¹⁾ We designated it Yamame Tumor Virus (YTV).
Intraperitoneal injection of YTV was lethal to 5-month-old yamame fry weighing an average of 2.9g, with cumulative mortalities 65% and 30% with 10³ and 10² TCID₅₀ per fish, respectively. However, the cumulative mortality in 5-month-old chum salmon (O. keta) fry weighing 4.7g, inoculated intraperitoneally with the same doses mentioned above, was 15% and 0%, respectively.
The mandible or premaxillae of the survivors of both species of fish developed tumors in about ten to 13 months after inoculation. It took more than ten months ot develop visible tumors at 14-16°C of water temperature. The spontaneous tumor from which YTV was isolated and the tumor reproduced by artificial infection of YTV were histopathologically very similar to a basal cell epithelioma.²⁾
This is the first report which establishes the oncogenicity of a herpesvirus isolated diretly from a fish tumor by fulfilling the Rives' postulates.