マウス試験用の麻ひ性貝毒抽出法の改善

抄録

Attempts were made to find the best conditions for extracting paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) from scallop digestive gland, the conditions in which low-toxic components with a carbamoyl-N-sulfo group are evaluated as high-toxic components. To a digestive gland homogenate was added an equal volume of various concentrations of HCl, HNO₃ or H₂SO₄, and the mixtures were heated in boiling water. PSP toxicity, as analyzed by the mouse bioassay, increased with an increasing acid concentration of each extractant up to 1 _N. The highest toxicity values of the extracts were 300MU/ml with 1 _N HCl, 320MU/ml with 1 _N HNO₃, and 270MU/ml with 1 _N H₂SO₄. A prolonged extraction (>30min) of the digestive gland with 1 _N HCl resulted in a gradual decrease of toxicity, due to a partial degradation of PSP.
Based on these results, it was proposed that to a digestive gland homogenate is added an equal volume of 1 _N HCl and heated in boiling water for 5min, and the supernatant is used for the mouse bioassay. This extraction method is also applicable to other toxic shellfish.