In a shrinking society with decreased pressure of urban development, constructing compact cities where various land uses are located within walking distance is advocated. As a possible method for such planning, performance-based regulation has been discussed. It aims to evaluate whether to accept different land uses in residential areas depending on the degree to which they disturb the environment. In doing so, however, it is difficult and important to consider how to determine that a certain land use is acceptable (i.e., the level of its performance is good enough). This study examined residents' perceptions of mixed land use and their psychological evaluations of performance-based regulation with the contingent valuation method, based on an online survey administered to 14,826 residents across Japan. Results revealed the properties of land uses that residents wanted to be regulated, such as noise from parks, convenience stores, and parking lots. Residents' evaluations of performance-based regulation correlated with residential characteristics, the degree of land-use mix, and personal values. In particular, residents who are less conservative, open to changes, and altruistic tended to assess the value of regulating land-use performance highly.
