The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of light irradiation on enamel and dentin bond strength of an experimental two-step self-etch system (KBV-100) and Clearfil Mega Bond. Bovine teeth were used as substitute human teeth. The primer and bonding were applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions and resin pastes were inserted into the mold on the enamel or dentin surface. Light irradiation was done with a halogen light curing unit or LED curing unit. After storage in 37ºC distilled water for 24 h, shear bond strengths were measured at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. The bonding interface was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Though the bond strength of Mega Bond was not affected by the type of curing unit, significantly higher bond strengths were obtained with LED curing units for KBV-100. In the SEM observations, tight adaptations were exhibited in both enamel and dentin specimens. From the results of this study, the experimental bonding system KBV-100 showed excellent bonding performance regardless of the type of curing unit.

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This study examined the durability of bonding abilities to enamel and dentin substrates of nine resin composite restorations [QuiXX + Xeno IV (Dentsply/Caulk), Filtek P-60 + Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE), Herculite XRV + OptiBond All-in-One (Kerr), Tetric N-Ceram + AdheSE One VivaPen (Ivoclar Vivadent), Solare P + G-Bond (GC), BEAUTIFIL Ⅱ + BeautiBond (Shofu), Metafil AP + Brush & Bond (SunMedical), Estelite P quick + Tokuyama Bond Force (Tokuyama Dental), Clearfil Majesty Posterior + Clearfil tri-S Bond (Kuraray Noritake Dental)]. The following properties were evaluated: shear bond strength to enamel and dentin substrates of resin composite restorations immediately after light-activation, and after storage for 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. The values of shear bond strength to enamel substrate of all resin composite restorations immediately after lightactivation were 8.0 – 14.6 MPa, and those after storage for 24 hours were 13.6 – 21.8 MPa. The values of shear bond strength to dentin substrate of all resin composite restorations immediately after light-activation were 7.8 – 13.3 MPa, and those after storage for 24 hours were 11.0 – 23.3 MPa. The shear bond strength of many resin composite restorations to enamel and dentin substrates after storage for 6 hours were significantly higher than those immediately after light-activation. That is, the values of shear bond strength to enamel and dentin substrates gradually increased from immediately after light-activation until 24 hours of storage.

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This study examined the shear bond strength (SBS) of new multi-purpose adhesive systems to the polymerized resin composite (Beautifil II: Groups 1 – 3 or Estelite Σ Quick: Groups 4 – 6). The flat ground surface of each polymerized resin composite was treated with a multi-purpose adhesion system (Beauti Bond Multi PR Plus: Group 3 or Universal Primer: Group 6) or a conventional silane coupling agent (Porcelain Primer: Group 2 or Ceramic Primer: Group 5). For Groups 1 and 4, no treatment was carried out. After bonding procedures, a flowable resin composite was placed on the resin surface and polymerized. The specimens were subjected to SBS (n=10). Data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test. The mean values of SBS in Groups 2, 3, 5 and 6 were significantly higher than those in Groups 1 and 4 (p<0.05). There was no significant difference among Groups 2, 3, 5 and 6 (p>0.05). Based on the results, it was concluded that the SBS to the polymerized resin composite treated with the new multi-purpose adhesive systems was similar to that with the conventional silane coupling agent.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-conditioning on the shear bond strength (SBS) of all-in-one adhesives to dentin. Flattened dentin surfaces of extracted human molars were treated with various conditioners (Dentin Conditioner: D, Super Bond Green Activator: S, Accel: A, and K-echant GEL: K). Groups with no pre-conditioning were used as a control (N). After each conditioner was applied to the dentin surface, each all-in-one adhesive (BeautiBond multi: B and PrimeFil primer: P) was applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Each resin composite (Beautifil Flow F03 and PrimeFil) was placed and photo-polymerized. Specimens were subjected to SBS testing at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm (n=10). Data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test. Fractured surfaces of the specimens were examined with a stereomicroscope at ×20 magnification, and the fracture modes were determined. The SBS values (MPa, mean± SD) for each group were: DB: 14.0±2.7, SB: 17.2±4.0, AB: 13.1±4.3, KB: 14.0±3.4, NB: 17.6±4.3, DP: 12.2±5.6, SP: 14.9±3.8, AP: 11.2±3.4, KP: 18.8±5.0, and NP: 20.8±5.4. According to the results of two-way ANOVA, the factor of type of adhesive system exhibited no significant difference (p>0.05); however, the factor of type of conditioner exhibited significant differences (p<0.01). According to the results of the Tukey HSD test, there were significant differences between NP and DP, NP and SP, NP and AP, KP and DP, and KP and AP (p<0.01).

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This study evaluated the effects of the combined use of three kinds of primer on the bonding of MMA-TBBO resin to Ag-Pd-Cu-Au alloy. The bonding surface was polished with 600-grit silicon carbide paper and primed with one of the procedures (V-Primer: VP, M.L. Primer: ML, Metaltite: MT, a mixture of 3 kinds of primer: MIX, and consecutive application of 3 individual primers: DAP). Specimens were fabricated by applying adhesive resin (Super-Bond C&B) on the primed surface. Shear bond strength was determined before and after thermal cycling (5–55°C for 100,000 cycles and 200,000 cycles). After 200,000 thermal cycles, the bond strength obtained by MIX was significantly higher than those obtained by respective primers (VP, ML, MT), and DAP also revealed a significant effect compared to VP and ML. In conclusion, the mixture of 3 kinds of primer was effective for the bonding of 4META/MMA-TBBO resin to Ag-Pd-Cu-Au alloy after 200,000 thermal cycles.

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This review summarizes our previously reported papers and unpublished data concerning the influences of direct application of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin onto pulp tissue. Chapter 1 describes the characteristic properties of pulp tissue; chapter 2, the components of 4-META/ MMA-TBB resin and their characteristic polymerization reaction mechanism; chapter 3, the effects of 4-META/ MMA-TBB resin on pulp tissue caused by direct application; chapter 4, the properties of polymerized 4-META/ MMA-TBB resin on the wet surface such as of soft tissue and other materials; chapter 5, possible application of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin not only to pulp but also to periodontal tissue in the future; and chapter 6, the potential of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin as a tissue adhesive especially for wound healing

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