Three equations were derived to predict the energy expenditure of adult males walking on the treadmill. The estimation from walking speed is the most satisfactory with a mean deviation of 0.73% (SD=±8.97%) from values actually observed ; the equation is E/BW = 0.0006732V² - 0.0549V + 3.42 where E, BW and V stand for energy expenditure (kcal/hr), body weight (kg) and walking speed (m/min), respectively. Other two equations in terms of heart rate are as follows : E/BW=6.39W/R-4.15 E/BW=7.08R1/R-4.78 where R, W and R1 are heart rates expressed in beats/min before walk, during walk and for the first 30 sec after walk, respectively. The mean variability of the values obtained from the equations is within 4% of those actually observed. By using the last equation, the energy expenditure can be easily predicted without measuring the walking spped and the heart rate during walk, although the accuracy of the prediction is a little inferior to the other equations. ' Based on these prediction equations, three nomograms were developed not only to predict the energy expenditure of walking but aiso to preset the treadmill spped to obtain a given energy expenditure.

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The purpose of this present study was to evaluate the effect of heavy exercise (triathlon) on man (Exp. I) and moderate running training in rat (Exp. II) on serum lipid peroxide (SLPO). Subjects in Exp. I were 7 triathletes aged 27 to 39 yrs. Blood samplings were taken before race and immediately after completion of each sports activity. In Exp.II, SLPO was divided into 2 components, i.e., aspirin-inhibiting SLPO and other (non-specific SLPO). Wistar male rats (n= 50) 6 wks of age, were divided into 2 groups, i.e., control (n=25) and training (n=25) groups. Moderate running training was performed on treadmill for 6 wks. At 12 wks of age, exhaustive running (ER) test was performed. Blood samples were collected at rest and immediately after ER in both groups. The results of the present study were as follows : l) SLPO during triathlon race was gradually decreased, but not significant. 2) Although total SLPO at rest in trained rats was significantly increased as compared with control, non-specific SLPO at rest in both groups was not significant. 3) Total SLPO in trained rats was significantly higher than that of control after ER. Total SLPO after ER in both groups was not significantly increased as compared with resting level. 4) Non-specific SLPO after ER in both groups was not significantly different between 2 groups. 5) Non-specific SLPO after ER in both groups was significantly increased as compared with resting level. Increasing rate in control and training rats were 121% and 73%, respectively. 6) Although significant correlation was not observed between total SLPO and blood lactate, a good correlation was found between non-specific SLPO and blood lactate.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the cardiorespiratory responses during submaximal work on the different body surface pressure areas by wearing a pressure suit which can apply pressures on the individual regions of the human body surface. The oxygen intake, ventilation, respiratory frequency, tidal volume and the heart rate were measured during bicycle ergometer exercise. The work loads corresponded to 30% and 60% of Vo₂max. The pressures applied were 10mmHg and 40mmHg. The pressure time before work were 3min. and 40min.. The pressure time before work has no effect on those physiological values. The heart rate, ventilation and oxygen intake were increased by the pressure during work with the load of 60% Vo₂max. It was supposed that the increase of the oxygen intake might resulted in an increase of the energy expenditure of respiratory muscles.

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