This paper focuses on technological innovations and applications in the water injection development of oil fields, with particular attention to the use of artificial intelligence, big data analysis, and intelligent control systems. Traditional methods are limited by complex geological conditions and oil field structures, leading to low water injection efficiency and high costs. This paper examines the current status and challenges of the water injection process in oil fields and proposes solutions utilizing artificial intelligence technologies. Specifically, through real-time monitoring, data analysis, and intelligent control, AI technologies are expected to optimize the water injection process, improve recovery rates, and reduce costs and risks. In the future, the level of intelligence will continue to improve, the Internet of Things technology will be widely applied, and interdisciplinary integration will drive technological innovation. Additionally, green and environmentally friendly technologies will receive more attention. These trends will bring new development opportunities for water injection in oil fields. This paper aims to provide practical references for technological innovation in oil field development.

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This paper reviews the research progress of CO2 huff and puff technology in the development of tight oil reservoirs. It first introduces the challenges faced in developing tight oil reservoirs and their significance for energy production, emphasizing the urgency of enhancing oil and gas recovery rates. Then, it outlines the basic principles of CO2 huff and puff technology, including CO2 capture, transportation, and sequestration. When analyzing the factors affecting CO2 huff and puff recovery rates, the discussion focuses on the impacts of different permeability levels, fracture characteristics, and the number of huff and puff cycles on recovery efficiency. Subsequently, the technical advantages and challenges of CO2 huff and puff technology are explored, and research progress and typical cases from both domestic and international contexts are reviewed. Finally, the paper forecasts the future development trends and technological innovations of CO2 huff and puff technology in tight oil reservoir development. This paper aims to provide a reference for the application of CO2 huff and puff technology in tight oil reservoir development.

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The development of tight oil reservoirs has garnered significant attention in the current petroleum industry, with horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology emerging as key development methods, attracting extensive research interest. This paper reviews the latest research progress of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology in developing tight oil reservoirs. It begins by introducing the concept, characteristics, and global distribution of tight oil reservoirs, along with their challenges. Subsequently, it explains the basic principles, application cases, and classifications of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology. The paper focuses on the application of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology in developing tight oil reservoirs, including the technical principles, implementation steps, and effectiveness evaluation. The section on key technologies and challenges discusses in detail issues such as geological exploration and data analysis, fracturing fluids and design, and reservoir engineering optimization. Finally, through the study of application cases in different regions, the paper summarizes the advantages and limitations of this technology, providing insights into future research directions and technological trends. This paper aims to provide valuable references for the study of tight oil reservoir development and related fields.

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Tight oil reservoirs, characterized by low permeability and high viscosity crude oil, pose numerous challenges in their development. Water flooding huff and puff technology, as a significant oilfield development method, plays a crucial role in the development of tight oil reservoirs. This paper reviews the principles, influencing factors, application effects, and recent research progress of water flooding huff and puff technology. First, the background and challenges of tight oil reservoir development, as well as the basic principles and working mechanisms of water flooding huff and puff technology, are introduced. Next, the impact of this technology on the development of tight oil reservoirs is analyzed, including its effects on enhancing oil recovery, increasing production, and improving oil-water distribution. Then, key factors affecting the effectiveness of water flooding huff and puff are summarized, such as the timing, volume, and rate of water injection, along with geological factors. Subsequently, recent research progress in water flooding huff and puff technology for tight oil reservoir development is highlighted, encompassing experimental studies, numerical simulations, and engineering application cases. Finally, strategies for optimizing water flooding huff and puff technology are proposed, along with suggestions for future research directions. This paper aims to systematically summarize the current application status and research progress of water flooding huff and puff technology in tight oil reservoir development, providing a reference for further improving oilfield development efficiency and economic benefits.

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Carbonate reservoirs are significant underground formations for oil storage, composed of carbonate rocks, and their development presents complexity and challenges. This article reviews the principles, technologies, and case studies of waterflood development in carbonate reservoirs. It first introduces the geological characteristics and reservoir mechanisms of carbonate reservoirs, emphasizing the challenges and importance of their development, including complex geological structures and heterogeneous pore structures. Then, it elaborates on the principles and mechanisms of waterflooding, covering key roles such as increasing reservoir pressure, displacing crude oil, and improving recovery rates. Based on this, the key technologies for waterflood development in carbonate reservoirs are analyzed, including water injection well placement, injection scheme design, and water quality control, with an in-depth discussion based on actual cases. By analyzing successful cases, optimized strategies for waterflood development are summarized, such as rational design of injection schemes and strict water quality control. Finally, the challenges and future development of waterflooding in carbonate reservoirs are discussed, with suggestions for related research, including strengthening technological innovation, focusing on environmental protection, and promoting interdisciplinary research. This article provides practical references for waterflood development in carbonate reservoirs, fostering further research and application in this field.

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The protection of forests is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and the Earth’s environment. However, challenges such as forest destruction, illegal logging, and wildlife poaching persist. Traditional monitoring methods and protection measures have limitations and are often ineffective in addressing these issues. In recent years, the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has brought new hope to forest protection. This paper explores the potential applications of AI in forest protection, focusing on specific cases such as forest fire prediction, illegal logging monitoring, and wildlife conservation. Compared to traditional methods, AI technology offers higher accuracy and efficiency, enabling more timely detection and response to forest destruction activities. Nonetheless, AI in forest protection still faces several challenges, such as data acquisition, model training, and technology dissemination. In the future, with further technological advancements and the expansion of application areas, AI will play an increasingly important role, providing more possibilities for the protection and sustainable utilization of forests.

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This paper reviews the innovative applications and development trends of artificial intelligence (AI) in pest and disease management in agricultural production. As the scale of the agricultural output continues to expand and the complexity of environmental changes increases, the threat of pests and diseases to crops is becoming more prominent. The rapid development of AI technology offers new possibilities for addressing this issue. Firstly, the paper introduces the applications of AI in pest and disease identification and prediction, including the use of image recognition technology, data analysis, and machine learning algorithms, as well as the design and implementation of intelligent early warning systems. Secondly, it discusses the role of intelligent decision support systems in pest and disease management, covering the architecture of data-driven decision support systems, the implementation of intelligent agricultural management platforms, and the establishment of real-time monitoring and response mechanisms. Next, the paper explores the innovative applications of automated control technologies in pest and disease management, such as automated spraying and fertilization systems, intelligent agricultural robots, and the integration of biological control technologies with AI. Through case studies and practical applications, this paper showcases the successful application of AI in agricultural pest and disease management and provides an outlook on future development trends. This paper aims to provide agricultural producers and researchers with a comprehensive understanding, thereby promoting the further application and development of AI in agricultural pest and disease management.

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.As a development model aimed at environmental protection, enhancing ecosystem stability, and maintaining human health, eco-agriculture has garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper aims to discuss the farming models of eco-agriculture and the application of supporting technologies to promote the role of eco-agriculture in achieving sustainable development, improving agricultural production methods, and protecting the ecological environment. Firstly, the paper introduces the concept of eco-agriculture, its development history, and its importance for environmental protection and sustainable development. Then, it summarizes and categorizes eco-agriculture from eco-planting models and eco-breeding models. In terms of eco-planting models, the focus is on organic agriculture planting models, multi-layer planting models, and crop rotation and intercropping. For eco-breeding models, include ecological aquaculture models, ecological livestock breeding models, and environmental poultry and egg farming models. Next, the application of supporting technologies is discussed, including the use of organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers, biological control and green prevention and control technologies, water resource utilization and conservation technologies, and agricultural waste resource utilization technologies. Subsequently, the paper analyzes the economic and social benefits of eco-agriculture, discussing its impact on the quality and price of agricultural products, farmers’ incomes, and the community and environment. Finally, the paper explores the challenges and prospects of eco-agriculture development, proposing future development directions and key focus areas.

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This paper reviews the latest progress in ecohydrology research, covering theoretical exploration, practical applications, and prospects. Firstly, it introduces the basic concepts of ecohydrology, including its definition, scope, and relationship with related disciplines. Then, it focuses on the processes of ecohydrology and their influencing factors, involving research advancements in precipitation, evaporation, surface runoff, and groundwater flow. Secondly, it elaborates on the interactions between ecohydrology and ecosystems, with particular attention to the regulatory roles of ecosystems such as wetlands and rivers/lakes in hydrological processes. In terms of applications, the paper discusses the significant roles of ecohydrology in water resource management, environmental protection, and ecological restoration, and proposes corresponding solutions. Finally, it looks ahead to the future development trends and challenges in ecohydrology research, including interdisciplinary cooperation, technological innovation, and the impact of global climate change. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding and outlook on the current state and future of ecohydrology research, serving as a reference for scholars and practitioners in related fields.

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Grazing is an important management practice for grassland ecosystems, exerting extensive and complex effects on these environments. This paper reviews recent research progress on the impact of grazing on grassland ecosystems. Firstly, it introduces the significance of grassland ecosystems and the background of grazing as a management practice. Then, the paper delves into the effects of grazing on vegetation structure, soil properties, hydrological cycles, and biodiversity in grasslands, and compares the impacts of different grazing management practices on these ecosystems. Next, the paper focuses on the restoration and conservation of grassland ecosystems under grazing management practices, emphasizing the importance of sustainable grazing management. In looking toward future research directions, the paper discusses the interaction between grazing and climate change, the application of emerging technologies in grazing management, and the necessity of long-term studies on the impacts of grazing. Finally, the paper summarizes the main findings on the impact of grazing on grassland ecosystems and provides recommendations for future research and management. This paper aims to provide a reference for further understanding the effects of grazing on grassland ecosystems and offer practical suggestions for grassland management and conservation.

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The impact of climate change on soybean production has become a crucial topic in the current agricultural field. This paper reviews recent research progress on the effects of climate change on soybeans and corresponding response strategies. Firstly, it summarizes the importance of soybeans as a major crop and the broad impacts of climate change on global agriculture. Then, it discusses in detail the effects of climate change on the soybean growing environment, including temperature changes, alterations in precipitation patterns, and the impact of extreme weather events on soybean growth. Next, it analyzes the effects of climate change on soybean yield and quality, including predictions and simulations of soybean yield, the impact of climate change on soybean quality, and the influence of climate change-induced pests and diseases on soybean yield and quality. Following this, the paper introduces methods to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change on soybeans, including breeding stress-resistant varieties, water resource management, irrigation techniques, and adjustments in agricultural management practices. Finally, it looks ahead to the future impacts of climate change on soybeans and proposes suggestions and measures to improve the sustainability of soybean production. This paper aims to provide agricultural practitioners and researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the impact of climate change on soybean production and to serve as a reference for future research and practice.

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With the intensification of global climate change, its impact on food crop production has become a highly concerned topic. This paper aims to review the impact of climate change on maize yield and the corresponding response strategies. First, it analyzes the effects of climate change on the maize-growing environment, including temperature changes, changes in precipitation patterns, and the impact of extreme weather events on maize growth. Second, it explores the effects of climate change on the maize growing season, including changes in the length of the growing season, drought and water stress, and the impact of high temperatures and heat damage on maize. Then, it examines the impact of climate change on maize pests and diseases and discusses the corresponding control strategies. Next, it summarizes maize cultivation strategies to adapt to climate change, including breeding and genetic improvement, irrigation and water resource management, and soil management and plant protection measures. Finally, it discusses the sustainability of maize agriculture under climate change and emphasizes the importance of sustainable agricultural practices in responding to climate change.

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