An anthropological study of Mongols (200 males and 200 females, aged 20-60) living in the Jirem League of Inner Mongolia was carried out in June 1995.Seven items were observed and 29 measurements obtained.The results are summarized as follows:
1.The physical characters: The average stature was 168.2 cm in the males and 157.0 cm in the females.The arm span is greater than the stature.The head is brachycephalic in the males, and hyperbrachycephalic in the females, and no sex difference was detected as for hypsicephaly or metriocephaly.The morphological facial index was classified as meso-prosopic.The Mongolian fold was present in more than half of the subjects.The nasal bridge was straight, the nasal alae were slightly convex, and the nasal index was classified as leptorrhinic.
2.The mean stature of the male subjects was 2.8 cm greater than that of male Mongols of 60 years ago.The rate of increase was less than 0.5 cm/decade.Other body measure-ments also increased to various degrees.The head and face became longer, narrower and higher.
3.The results of the cluster analysis and principal component analysis of nine head and face measurements and four body measurements of 23 Chinese minority groups show that the morphological characters of the Jirem Mongols are close to those of northeast Chinese groups.

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