In 842 autopsies of carcinoma, metastasis in the spleen was found in 52 cases (6.2%), Splenic metastasis was recognized grossly in 30 (57.7%) of the 52 cases. In 247 receiving some carcinostatics, splenic metastasis was found in 9.3%, while it was in 4.9% in the cases not treated with carcinostatics. As for the metastasizing carcinomas, splenic metastasis was found in 10.7% of the treated and 6.1% of the non-treated cases. These differences were statistically significant and seemed to be more prominent in cases with splenic involvements probably due to blood-borne metastasis.
It was suggested that the metastatic growth in the spleen may be promoted by the use of carcinostatics probably due to the interference of the host defense mechanisms against cancer by the reduction of the lymphoreticular tissue.

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Tritiated carcinogenic 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide was injected subcutaneously into groin of mice and quantitative analyses of this carcinogen and its metabolites (4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide, 4-aminoquinoline 1-oxide, 4-aminoquinoline, 4-hydroxyquinoline 1-oxide, and 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline) in blood, lung, and liver were carried out in addition to the site of injection, following the reverse dilution method for analysis of labeled compounds. The metabolites were accumulated in the lung to a higher extent than in liver or spleen at the earlier stage of metabolism. Quantitative analyses of metabolites revealed that (i) the concentration tration of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxidew as extremelyl ower than that of 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide in any organs and blood except at the site of injection, (ii) liver contained non-carcinogenic metabolites almost exclusively, including only traces of carcinogenic 4-nitro- and 4-hydroxyamino-quinoline 1-oxide, and (iii) 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline was found in metabolites in addition to other four metabolites previously reported.

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By intragastric instillation of 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide hydrochloride in ethanol solution, tumors of the glandular stomach, mammary glands, thymus, uterus, and small intestine were induced in Buffalo rats. Concerning neoplastic lesions of the glandular stomach, two cases (7.1%) of advanced adenocarcinoma, 1 case (3.6%) of signet ring cell carcinoma with submucosal invasion, and 4 cases (14.3%) of mucosal carcinoma were obtained out of 28 effective animals.

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Exfoliated cells and sections from hamster cheek pouch mucosa were studied histochemically and compared at various stages during experimental carcinogenesis. Cytological and histochemical observation of exfoliated cells from human oral mucosa, normal as well as carcinomatous, was also carried out. Comparison of the enzymic staining reaction in hamster cheek pouch mucosa with that in human oral mucosa showed no particular variations in normal and carcinomatous conditions. Enzyme reaction of exfoliated cells showed less intensity than the epithelial cells examined in a histological section. Smeared malignant cells had a tendency to show negative alkaline phosphatase, weak non-specific esterase, and intense lactate, malate, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities. This combination proved to be of value in diagnosis of carcinoma, while acid phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase were not so useful. In the case of esterase, and lactate and malate dehydrogenases, the percentage distribution of exfoliated cells also appeared to be of value in diagnosis of tumors.

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Using a newly established human cancer cell line, OG cells derived from the uterine carcinoma of a Japanese patient, autotransplantation to the donor patient was attempted. Propagation of the implanted cells and formation of a nodule were temporarily observed.

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By subcutaneous injection of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells mixed with yeast cell wall, the tumor formation was significantly suppressed and the host had shown to acquire carcinoma resistance to challenge implantation. Yeast cell wall seems to play a rôle in the promotion of carcinoma resistance.

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Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were incubated with glucose or fructose in saline for 1 hour at 37° without shaking. The final pH of the local extracellular fluid was calculated to be between 4.21 and 4.50. Nonglycolytic sugars did not lower pH. Decreased pH is discussed as a factor in glucose-induced loss of tumor cell transplantability.

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N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine induced neoplastic transformation of fibroblastic cells from the thymus tissues of 4-day-old Wistar King A rats in tissue culture. The treated cells produced sarcomas when inoculated into 3 newborn rats on the 305th day after treatment, whereas the control cells failed to produce any tumor.

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By subcutaneous injection of 4-nitroquinoline in olive oil and cholesterol (100:1), and lecithin solution, subcutaneous sarcoma was induced in 12 out of 21 mice of ICR strain.

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