One of the notable characteristics of Vietnam's industrial parks is their relatively large size compared to those in other ASEAN countries. The primary reason for this is that Vietnam's industrial parks play a pivotal role as "new production bases" in the country's economy. This study aims to analyze the unique features of Vietnam's industrial parks as "new growth bases" through the lenses of development economics theory and industrial agglomeration theory. Drawing on modern Big Push theory, this study examines whether Vietnam's industrial parks exhibit economies of scale and positive externalities, while also clarifying their distinctive characteristics and the underlying economic mechanisms within Vietnam's economy.

In December 2022, the Kishida administration announced a new national security straregy. The document explicitly states that all options will be considered realistically, and none will be ruled out, including the possession of counterattack capabilities that previous administrations refrained from pursuing due to policy decisions, in order to fundamentally strengthen Japan’s defense capabilities. Driving this shift is the evolving regional security environment. China is undertaking a sweeping military modernization program and increasing maritime pressure on Japan in the East China Sea. North Korea continues to advance its nuclearweapons and missile programs,and Russia has labeled Japan as an "unfriendly country" while increasing military activity near Japan.Following the release of the new national security strategy, Japan received strong support from its ally, the United States, for enchancing its defense capabilities. Additionally, support for security cooperation was expressed by the G7, Australia, India, ASEAN, and South Korea.Japan is steadily advancing efforts to strengthen its defense capabilities.

The 38 OECD countries have already undergone a process of an "Energy Revolution." The "Energy Revolution" refers to a series of events that began with the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, progressed through rapid industrialization, wars, and major environmental changes, and ultimately led to the transition to oil and electricity as dominant energy sources in the 20th century. However, in reality, the levels of industrial and social development vary significantly across countries. This disparity is hypothesized to be the reason why emission reductions are not progressing smoothly.

Keywords: Energy Revolution, fossil energy, Kaya identity, coal-fired power generation, CCS

This study examines the impact of district disaster prevention plans on community resilience. Introduced to address specific regional risks, district disaster prevention plans are designed to be developed and implemented by local residents. The research evaluates how these plans strengthen community resilience and proposes specific utilization methods. The evaluation employs indicators such as robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity, offering recommendations for improving evaluation processes and policy. Future prospects include refining evaluation methods, leveraging digital technologies, enhancing international collaboration, and contributing to sustainable community development.

The designated manager system was introduced in 2003. However, the number of facilities implementing this system has not increased steadily since 2015. To begin with, the implementation of the designated manager system requires privatizing the management and operation of public facilities based on the principles of the New Public Management. As of the latest survey in 2021, the number of joint-stock companies serving as designated managers has been gradually increasing; therefore, we can say that privatization is in progress. On the other hand, there has also been a slight rise in the number of facilities discontinuing the use of the designated manager system. Reasons for discontinuation include suspension or closure of the facility or transfer to the private sector, and, notably, a lack of applications from public sector entities has doubled in the 2021 survey compared to the 2018 survey. This trend may help explainthe slowdown in the adoption of the designated manager system.

In Japan, there is a growing concern about the isolation of mothers in child-rearing due to the declining birthrate, the increasing prevalence of nuclear families, and the weakening of ties with local communities.

In response, I aimed to identify issues in childcare support by reviewing previous research on mothers’childcare networks and deriving suggestions for future studies. I conducted a literature search using CiNii and the Web-based version of the Central Medical Journal. A total of 175 pieces of literature related tochild-rearing networks, published between 1989 to 2022, were analyzed. Among them, 106 original research papers were classified based on their content, using titles and abstracts as references.

These papers were grouped into six categories: [The Reality of Childcare Networks], [The Effects of Childcare Networks], [Supporters of Childcare Networks], [The Place of Childcare Networks], [Formation of Childcare Networks], and [Socialization of Childcare].

The effects of Childcare Networks are believed to include maintaining mothers’ well-being and supporting their personal development. Research focusing on supporters of child-rearing networks highlights the need for inter-professional collaboration, given the involvement of a diverse range of individuals. Additionally, the “place” of mothers' networks is evolving alongside social changes, indicating a need for research that incorporates the Internet environment. Furthermore, greater attention should be given to mothers' active connections, often conceptualized as social capital.