Information and Communication Technology or ICT, has been supporting Telework since the Stone Age if one remembers talking drum played an important role to inform tribal members an invasion of enemy and saved an organization. This empirical article looks back on the history of Telework from the age of drum and the smoke signal to state-of-the-art ICT tools such as Social Network Services. The effect of such tools for today's teleworkers and possible side effects of ICT tools are discussed. History of Telework is still in the making and we all of Telework researchers and practitioners are an important part of it.

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Teleworker has one big problem in Japan. It is communication problem in the firm, because teleworker take a job in the home alone. Communication problem is one of the reason of which workers , especially men, don't wish to be teleworker. Because teleworker doesn't take communication between his boss and members of the firm. Meeting, reporting and guiding is very important. And little talking with members is also important. So,ICT tools is exploited to use as communication tool. Hereafter, ICT tools, TV conference system, or web camera etc., is expanding as communication tool between teleworker and members of the firm.

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In tea ceremony operating the Iemoto system, the services(lessons) have offered only in the practice room until now. And it has not been discussed as telework of the master or e-Learning of the pupils. In this paper, I considered the example that maintained customer relationship management and a relationship of mutual trust by performing "the Web lessons" with the one of the ICT tools video phone system for pupils moved far away from the practice room, using an interview result considering the characteristic of the Iemoto system. As a result, I suggested the Web lessons were not only lessons in just e-Learning but the way of improving the satisfaction of the customer who was in the remote place, and showed what the relationship of mutual trust between master and pupils maintained. And, because it is not tied up in the use and the place of the difference in time, the master does not affect other duties. So, I suggested that the Web lessons were also effective from the viewpoint of market reclamation and business continuation.

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After the devastating east-Japan earthquake, a distributed work environment has been getting attention from a viewpoint of dispersion of risk. The need for ICT tools supporting full-time telework is increasing. The meta-realistic telework communication system that can realize the environment in which users feel like they are working in the real office has been developed. With this system, users can access everywhere at a remote site they want to see the state of a communication party via video and audio data. In this paper, the overview of this system is described, and then the evaluation result of the system on workers' social capital (SC) is discussed. The result indicates that worker's SC can be either maintained or increased with the use of this system.

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Firms, which frame telework, are increasing after the Tohoku Earthquake. Their attempts, however, are not continuous. Also, these are not useful for business continuity. Teleworking once a week by limited employees, who have to care their children/parents, are not useful business continuity. To accomplish it by telework, most employees have to be able to work as usual in case of telework. To work as usual, it is necessary to use cloud computing. Work, communication, and time management have to be enforced by using ICT. This paper introduces ICT, its working knowledge, and rules of its usage. These are also available to improve quality of goods/services provided by home-based teleworkers. In addition to that, these extend their business.

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An Ultra- or Meta-Realistic Telework Communication System is one which allows people outside the office to experience exactly the same emotional environment as those physically present, enabling a communal atmosphere. In study 1, I conducted a basic survey research on the construction of an intuitive user interface (intuitive operation, intuitive expression). The web search strategy by the photograph and the voice are paid to attention today. And, the demand of the search strategy by the memory and the thinking will rise in the future. However, the device and the input method for them are discussed still hardly. The results suggest using a combination of one or more means, including linguistic expression, symbol, or color. For example, it was suggested that to express feelings the linguistic expression and colors were more intuitive. Also, in study 2, this papers reports on some factors influencing the ability of Japanese workers to make psychological adjustments(or stress) to telework.

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