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Volume 35, Issue 4
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Song-yop HAHN2000 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 161
Published: April 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1855K) -
Takakazu SHINTOMI2000 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 162-168
Published: April 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSuperconducting magnet technologies have been developed as the necessary technologies for high-energy physics research. One of the applications is for the high-energy accelerators, which have to be as large as possible. On the other hand, superconducting magnets have been required for particle detectors in order to obtain higher magnetic field and save electric power. Three superconducting accelerators are being operated and a larger machine that uses NbTi coil cooled by He II, the LHC, is under construction. Many particle detector magnets have been developed and constructed to detect and analyze generated particles. Recent key technologies for the particle detector magnets are aluminumstabilized superconductors and an inner winding method. Very thin detector magnets have been developed and successfully used. In this paper, superconducting magnet technologies for accelerators and particle detectors are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (917K) -
Chapter 5: Pippard Equation and the Introduction of Coherence LengthTaiichiro OHTSUKA2000 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 169-175
Published: April 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe penetration depth may be measured with refined accuracy by measuring the surface impedance in the microwave region. This technique was utilized by Pippard to measure the change in penetration depth with the application of magnetic fields. He found that the change in penetration depth with the application of fields up to the critical field was on the order of 1%, which indicates that the entropy density change occuring in the transition to the normal state is anomalously large in the penetration depth region. This anomaly may be resolved if it is assumed that there is coherence between super-electrons over a region larger than the penetration depth. In this case, the state of a super-electron at one position cannot be defined by the magnetic field at that position as assumed in the London equation and will feel the change in the magnetic field over the length of coherence. An analogous situation in normal metals occurs when the mean free path of electrons becomes larger than the skin depth as the electron is accelerated by a field which varies with position. Pippard used this analogy to revise the London equation, which takes into account the variation of the vector potential over the coherence length. The derivation of the Pippard equation and its significance are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1144K) -
Takataro HAMAJIMA, A. K. M. ALAMGIR, Naoyuki HARADA, Makoto TSUDA, Mic ...2000 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 176-183
Published: April 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn imbalanced current distribution is often observed in cable-in-conduit (CIC) superconductors, which are composed of multistaged, triplet type sub-cables, and deteriorates the performance of the coils. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the current distribution in a superconductor and find out methods to obtain a homogeneous current distribution in the conductor. We apply a magnetic flux conservation in a loop contoured by electric center lines of filaments in two arbitrary strands located on adjacent layers in a coaxial multilayer superconductor, and then analyze the current distribution in the conductor. A generalized formula governing the current distribution can be described as explicit functions of the superconductor construction parameters, such as twist pitch, twist direction and radius of each layer. It is shown that we can obtain a homogeneous current distribution using this fundamental formula, which is a function of the twist pitches of layers. Moreover, it is demonstrated that we can control current distribution in the coaxial superconductor.View full abstractDownload PDF (1135K) -
Akira TOMINAGA2000 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 184-189
Published: April 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the thermoacoustic theory, thermoacoustic phenomena are discussed in terms of both state quantities and flow quantities such as heat flow and work flow. Since the Stirling refrigerator is regarded as one of thermoacoustic devices, a simulation code THERMOACOUSTICA based on the thermoacoustic theory was used in order to examine the frequency dependence of performance of a Stirling refrigerator. Results of the simulation qualitatively agreed with the prediction disregarded the frequency dependence of temperature distribution of the regenerator. When the simulation results were examined in detail, it was, however, necessary to consider the frequency dependence of temperature distribution of the regenerator. Operation frequency in which the COP of the refrigerator becomes highest is considerably lower than that in which a refrigeration capacity becomes largest. Therefore, criterion of selecting the optimum condition is one of problems in designing a regenerative refrigerator.View full abstractDownload PDF (894K)
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