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Volume 17 (1977)
- Issue 4 Pages 109-
- Issue 3 Pages 61-
- Issue 2 Pages 33-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 17, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Toshihiko MATSUDA1977 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 61-63
Published: September 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLayer structures of regularly interstratified mica-montmorillonite (rectorite-like) were observed by high resolution electron microscopy. The specimens of regularly interstratified mineral used in this report were collected from the roseki (kaolin-pyrophyllite) deposits of Mitsuishi, Okayama Prefecture and Sano Mine, Kakuma, Nagano Prefecture.
Lattice images taken from microtomed sections which were cut perpendicularly to the cleavage plane show the periodic structures with the spacing about 10Å along the [001] direction and with the spacing about 4.0 A crossing each other at an angle of about 70°.
Lattice images of a curled edge show a periodic spacing with about 19.3Å along the [001] direction, and it is devided into two part, one of which is 10Å corresponding to a mica layer and the other is 9.3Å corresponding to a dehydrated montmorillonite layer.
The ordering in the layer stacking of the interstratified mica-montmorillonite may differ in different occurrences.View full abstractDownload PDF (377K) -
Tsuyoshi HAYASHI, Joyo OSSAKA1977 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 63-75
Published: September 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKuchinoerabu-jima Island, Tokara Islands, located in south of Kyushu, consists of plural volcanic bodies, and most of the rocks belong to hyperstheneaugite-andesite. The alteration phenomena of volcanic products in the island were investigated chemically and mineralogically.
1) Most of the altered materials at the old thermal spring and solfatara fields are very siliceous and mainly consist of opal accompanied by alunite, kaolin, chalcedony-quartz TiO2 minerals. These extremely advanced stages of alteration were resulted from the hydrogen metasomatism of strong acid solution containing SO42-.
2) Among the opaline minerals disordered a-cristobalite is predominant. Besides this, amorphous opal and β form like cristobalite in association with tridymite are found in small amounts. TiO2 minerals are mainly leucoxinic anatase and rutile. They are contained about 1-3 wt% in almost all altered materials except one of siliceous pyroclastic materials contained 8.3% of TiO2. One of the reason of such a high content of TiO2 was due to the change of distribution in particle size of altered materials during before and after eruption.
3) Some argillized zones i.e. the assemblages of alunite, halloysite, kaolinite and micaceous mineral are formed at the altered areas in the west part of the island. These argillations were carried out at low temperature and with decreasing acidity of solution. Kaolinite in very fine particle size seems to be formed from mica mineral through the secondary alteration process in which Al2O3 is accumulated.View full abstractDownload PDF (11159K) -
Yasushi IWASA1977 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 75-87
Published: September 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClay mineralogical studies are made on four granite soils (residual) derived soils from different bio-climatic zones, i.e.; the temperate, warm temperate, subtropical and humid torrid regions. The four soils studied can be classified as brown forest soil of temperate zone (Mt. Kamagadake, Mie pref.), yellow brown forest soil (tentative name) of warm temperate zone, Yamaguchi pref., yellow soil (tentative name, Ishigaki is., Okinawa pref.) and, red yellow podolic soil of humid tropical zone (Amason high way, Altamira-Maraba, PARA, Brazil).
In brown forest soil, the clay minerals consist mainly of montmorillonite, gibbsite and meta-halloysite with a small amount of chlorite and illite. In the yellow brown forest soil, predominant clay minerals are meta-halloysite, Al-interlayered vermiculite, gibbite and illite. A small amount of chlorite, goethite, and mixed layer clay minerals of vermiculite and illite are also present. Yellow soil contains a large amount of meta-halloysite, some goeethite, and a little illite, hematite and lepidocrocite like mineral. The clay minerals in red yellow podzolic soil are dominated by well crystalized kaolinite, with some goethite and hematite. A very small amount of gibbsite are found only in the A, horizon. The present clay mineralogical study on four soils derived from similar parent rocks (granite) shows that the mode and process of the weathering or soil formation seem to be remarkably affected by the climatic condition, especially, by temperature and precipitation.
It is shown that there are distinct difference in the clay minerals species, kind and their combination and are also the differences in the profile distributions of clay minerals. Farthermore the differences in clay mineral compositions among the four soils are interesting from soil geographical viewpoint.View full abstractDownload PDF (18748K) -
Ryoji KOMRA, Yasuaki UNO, Hideo TAKESHI1977 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 88-97
Published: September 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Akashi-Harima area stratigraphically belongs to the Osaka group of Plio-Pleistocene age, which is composed of gravel beds, sand beds and clay beds formed in marine or fresh water environments. Clay mineral compositions of the clay beds were determined by the X-ray diffraction method, D.T.A. and optical microscopy. The results will be summarized as follows.
1) Abundant clay minerals of the clay beds are montmorillonite, metahalloysite, illite and chlorite.
2) Generally speaking, clay beds formed in the fresh water environment contain larger amounts of montmorillonite and smaller amounts of chlorite and illite near seashore than around hinterland.
3) There is a reverse relation between the quantity of montmorillonite and that of illite in the profile of fresh water clay beds (Ma 0). Chlorite is only contained in the Ma 1 clay beds around hinterland.
The sedimentary environment, where these clay minerals were formed, are discussed on the basis of geological and experimental results described above.View full abstractDownload PDF (14136K)
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