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70 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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大竹 史郎, 猪野原 誠, 武内 徹二1986 年 70 巻 2 号 p. 51-54
発行日: 1986/02/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーAt the flicker thresholds for a light with a wave form similar to that of discharge lamps, the amplitude modulation of the first component (corresponding to the power line frequency) of the light was measured. The results of the measurements show that amplitude modulation at the flicker threshold is constant at a fixed power line frequency irrespective of the light. On the basis of these results it is evident that the flicker threshold for the light emitted from a discharge lamp can be assessed by the value of the amplitude modulation of the light multiplied by the temporal MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) of the human eye.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (747K) -
納谷 嘉信, 橋本 健次郎1986 年 70 巻 2 号 p. 55-61
発行日: 1986/02/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリー“Brightness sensation” or “vis ual clarity” of colored objects are affected significantly by changing the color rendering property of their illumination. This effect has been studied by a number of researchers. However, the cause of it has not been clarified.
Based on the careful inspection of the previous studies, we postulated that the above effect may de closely related to the change of the affection of contrast between colored objects under illumination existing in observer's visual field.
In order to confirm this postulation, we used 40 two-color combinations and the following four light sources; standard fluorescent lamp (Ra 63), three band type fluorescent lamp (Ra 84), incandescent lamp (Ra 100), and super highpressure sodium lamp (Ra 52). Their affections of contrast were estimated by using the predicting equations on the affections of two-color combinations derived by Nayatani et al. based on their spectral reflectance fanctions under each of the four lamps. The corresponding visual assessment confirmed the effectiveness of the predicting procedure.
The results confirmed that the affection of contrast is closely related to the “brightness sensation” and the “visual clarity” of colored objects under various illuminants.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1335K) -
中西 宣一郎, 井上 准一, 小松原 均, 姫井 豊治1986 年 70 巻 2 号 p. 62-66
発行日: 1986/02/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーThe ballasts for discharge lamp are desirable to be small size, light weight and energy saving type for general illumination. In addition, the continuous dimming also will meet a demand of suitable illumination. For the purpose, the ballasts of high frequency operation and also the dimming control of fluorescent lamps have been already developed and been practically used. But the practical high frequency operation of HID lamps for general use has not been virtually realized mainly due to the unstable operation of acoustic resonance phenomenon and the difficulty of noise suppression although HID lamps have been used for many field in favor of high efficacy.
The authors have resolved the former problem selecting an operating frequency beyond 100 kHz and then experimentally examined the high frequency operation and its dimming control of HID lamps, for the latter problem presupposing that the conductive glass or plastics, for example, might be adapted for the shield of electromagnetic waves in the future.
This paper describes the circuit configuration consisted of HID lamps, here mainly high pressure sodium lamp and MOS-FET push-pull inverter, and experimental results on high frequency operation from 100 kHz to about 400 kHz and its continuos dimming control over the range from 100 percent to about a few percent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (839K) -
中山 昌春, 池田 紘一, 小原 清成1986 年 70 巻 2 号 p. 67-73
発行日: 1986/02/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーIn order to study the perceptual scaling of chroma, perceived chroma-differences of colour chips are subjectively estimated by means of ratio estimation method under standard illuminant A and daylight D65.
The subjectively estimated values are compared with their colorimetric colour-differences in the CIE 1976 L*u*v* and L*a*b* uniform colour spaces.
The set of calour chips used in the experiment consists of eight hues (5R, 5YR, 5Y, 7.5GY, 3.5G, 10BG, 2.5PB, and 5RP) with constant value 6, and chromas are from 0.3 to 13.7 at intervals of abaut 0.5 in the Munsell renotation system.
Results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) Relative values of perceived colour-differences change little even when the illuminant changes from the daylight D65 to the illuminant A, and the constancy of perceived colour-difference holds as well as in the case of hue-difference.
(2) Colorimetric chroma-differences in the L*u*v* and L*a*v* spaces generally do not change much when the illuminant is changed.
But, because of the insufficient compensation for chromatic adaptation, those for colours of 3.5G in both spaces change slightly.
(3) Except for colours of 5 Y and 3.5G, relative values of perceived colour-differences to colorimetric ones tend to become small generally with the increase in saturation.
(4) For colours of 5Y and 7.5GY, the correlation between perceived colour-differences and colorimetric ones is slightly low in both colour spaces irrespective of the illuminant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1380K) -
前田 純雄, 家村 道雄, 山口 純一1986 年 70 巻 2 号 p. 74-79
発行日: 1986/02/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーThis research relates to the starting characteristics of a lead type operating circuit for a high pressure mercury vapor lamp.
The research has been conducted in the following sequence. Firstly, When main voltage is applied, Fourier series are developed on voltage and current of distorted wave at each element of the operating circuit, then using the Fourier expansion, the each harmonic character at each element of the operating circuit is obtained theoretically, and at the same time experiment is performed.
The following are derived from the results of the research.
(1) From the voltage and current of distorted wave at each element of the operating circuit, the impedance (i, e. its resistance and reactance component) is obtained for each harmonic, and their characteristics are clarified.
(2) From the voltage and current of distorted wave at each element of the operating circuit, the vector diagram is obtained for each harmonic, and their characteristics are clarified.
(3) As a result of distorted wave analysis at each element of the operating circuit and impedance calculation of each fundamental wave, a fact is fount that having a constant-current characteristics to the operating circuit, because of the total impedance are nearly constant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3074K) -
湯尻 照1986 年 70 巻 2 号 p. 80-83
発行日: 1986/02/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーThe relationships between evaluation of visual environment and lighting conditions are described.
An experimental room was set up to simulate a usual European-style room in Japan. The interior of the apparatus was about 2.4m in height, 3.6m in width and length.
The average illuminance on the floor was adjusted to six levels for each lamp: 20, 40, 80, 160, 300 and 500 lux.
41 seven-point semantic differential rating scales were used in this experiment. 12 subjects were asked to give their responses to all the conditions.
The results obtained from the principal factor analysis were applied to the varimax method. The factor scores were estimated for each lighting condition.
Results are summarized as follows:
(1) Three factors: Subjective Brightness, Warm Feeling and Activity, were extracted from a correlation matrix obtained from the subjective assessments.
(2) The first factor, subjective brightness, was determined by illuminance, color temperature and'color rendering index. However, the strongest correlation was observed between the first factor and illuminance. This factor accounted for 63.1% of the total variance.
The second factor, warm feeling, was determined by color temperature. This factor accounted for 11.4% of the total variance.
The third factor, activity, was determined by illuminance. This factor accounted for 9.1% of the total variance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2329K)
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