The automatic lane change is attracted research topics. If the automatic lane change is applied to four wheel steering vehicle, good driving assist can be realized. However, vehicle dynamical model must be needed for the vehicle motion control and estimation. It is extremely difficult to identify vehicle parameter. Therefore, model free approach of the vehicle motion control and estimation is desired. In this paper, we proposed a new automatic lane change method. The proposed method can realize lane change by using complementary filter and gain scheduled controller. The validity of the proposed method is verified via vehicle simulators.

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A small optical mirror glued by ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive on a metal plate is moved due to a shrinkage of adhesive film under the inclined illumination of UV-LED light. Off-axis digital holography has been applied for detecting the movement of the small mirror on the adhesive film in its hardening process. When the UV-light illuminates the adhesive film with the inclined angle, the hardening process of the adhesive around the mirror varied due to the intensity variation. To further investigate the shrinkage of the UV-adhesive, off-axis holography was applied to detect the movement of the aluminum plate floated on the adhesive film in the hardening process. By measuring the displacement of the aluminum plate, it was shown that the adhesive film first contracted, and then expanded due to thermal expansion caused by the exothermic photo-polymerization reaction. By comparing both experimental results, it was found that the behavior of the hardening adhesive explained the behavior of the mirror fixed by the UV-curable adhesive.

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Accumulated muscle fatigue may cause injury, yet low-cost measurement technology for routine use remains limited. To address the lack of routine low-cost measurement technology for accumulated muscle fatigue, we proposed a new measurement method that utilizes a pressure sensor and a pulse wave sensor. In this study, muscle fatigue was measured in 5 healthy adult male subjects during dumbbell lifting and compared to muscle fatigue results obtained by conventional near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Based on the results obtained using a 5.4 kg dumbbell, we developed an estimation formula for muscle fatigue, which had an error range of 6.23 % to 21.45 %. When we applied this formula to estimate muscle fatigue while using a 7.4 kg dumbbell, the error ranged from 37.27 % to 75.46 %. These results show that the proposed muscle fatigue measurement method can be used to determine the presence or absence of muscle fatigue.

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Cases of customers' shoes are putted on the wrong shoes by other or stolen in restaurants and other establishments have been identified. In addition, physically challenged people, the elderly, and children may have difficulty storing shoes in high or low areas of the shoe box. Therefore, we propose a shoebox-type robot equipped with a personal identification function to prevent theft and an automatic storage function so that anyone can easily use the robot. Personal identification features will include facial recognition and fingerprint recognition. Automatic shoe storage is made possible by controlling the arm to transport the shoes. The shelves of the storage racks are designed to be removable, and the shoes are transported with the shelves as a whole. As an additional element, the robot will also be equipped with a system to enhance its convenience. To prevent the arm from operating when empty and the shelves from colliding with the robot as they are transported, a system that detects the shelves will be installed. In addition, a system will be installed to change the storage space used according to the size of the shoes. In this paper, a prototype of the robot was created and tested for operation. This shoebox-type robot can be used to prevent theft or loss of shoes. In addition, the elderly and children can easily use the robot, which is expected to prevent injuries.

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In this study, a scissors with equal displacement between pushing handles and cutting blades by a blade shape was proposed. The proposed scissors comprises two parts. The two parts are a whole upper handle and lower blade, and a whole lower handle and upper blade. Specific design methods were showed from the mechanism. In the design methods, the positions of the blade showing the blade shape were gotten from a relationship such that pushing displacement at the connections between the handles and the frames is equal to cutting displacement at the intersections of the blades. An object is not cut with the scissors as such the angle between two blades at the intersections reaches a certain value. The proposed small scissors by the angle of the blades from about 8 to 30 deg was designed as such the height of the frame about the blade, and the maximum angle of the whole handle and blade are small.

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Swarm robotics systems draw inspiration from the collective behavior of living organisms in nature, exhibiting flexible cooperation without a clear leader. Researchers have developed group robot systems that communicate with each other to achieve cooperative behavior and decision-making through distributed algorithms. In this study, we present a system that accomplishes shared goals through flexible task allocation among group robots using machine learning. Specifically, we develop and evaluate the effectiveness of multi-agent distributed cooperative operation algorithms using deep reinforcement learning. To enhance security, we encrypt the information shared by each robot using blockchain technology, which also reduces the computational load by dividing roles among robots. Our goal is to construct a cooperative and secure algorithm for performing work tasks as a group.

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In recent years, higher thermal efficiency and better environmental performance of diesel engines are still critically required. The purpose of this study is to analyze fuel injection behavior for fuel characteristic detection for low-carbon fuel usage in future diesel engine. Introducing a new injection pressure monitoring devices with fuel injector makes possible to analyze the fuel pressure drop characteristics difference of low-carbon fuel focusing on bulk modulus, so called HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil), against common JIS2 diesel fuel. The analysis determined that experimental formula of fuel type in consideration with the injection pressure drop behavior of diesel common rail system during the fuel injection event. As a result, it was indicated the potential detection of fuel type in case of blending low-carbon fuel usage in market use case, for better engine operation to minimize the amount of CO2 emitted.

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In this study, a scissors with equal displacement between pushing handles and cutting blades reduced links was proposed. The proposed scissors comprises four parts. The four parts are upper and lower handle parts, and upper and lower blade parts. The proposed scissors is cam and link mechanisms. Specific design methods were showed from the mechanisms. In the design methods, angles of the lower blade part were gotten from relationship between positions of the lower blade, and intersections of the upper and lower blades. Positions of the cam in the lower blade part were gotten from the gotten angles. Angles of the upper handle part were gotten such that pushing displacement at connections between the handles and frames is equal to cutting displacement at the intersections. Positions of followers with the cam in the upper and lower blade parts were gotten in the upper handle part from the positions of cam and the gotten angles.

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In recent years, underwater robots have become rapidly popular. Many of them are communicating with operater using cables, called Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). However, cables made of metal wires have limitations in communication distance and communication speed. For example, Universal Serial Bus generation 3.0 (USB3.0) is limited the communication distance within about 3 m, and Ethernet (Cat.5e) is limited within about 100 m. For this reason, optical fibers are used for long-distance communication, but they are relatively expensive and difficult to handle. Therefore, in this study, we focused on Very high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) and Power Line Communication (PLC) as long-distance communication technologies using metal wires and compared the communication speed and quality of them.

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In recent years, various infectious diseases have spread worldwide, and handwashing is considered a crucial preventive measure. However, the method and timing of handwashing vary among individuals, and not everyone can wash their hands appropriately to prevent infectious diseases. Therefore, we developed an automated handwashing system to ensure that everyone washes their hands correctly. The system comprises four mechanisms: one for hand recognition, one for hand washing with a brush, one for dispensing hand soap and water, and one for drying hands. Upon hand insertion, the distance sensor recognizes it and the system starts operating. Hand soap is dispensed, and the camera captures an image to determine the hand size and the number of washes required. The system includes a brush that performs a set number of washes on the hands. The hands are then rinsed with water from the shower and dried with warm air. Once all hand washing operations are complete, the brushes are cleaned to maintain the cleanliness of the system.

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The Corona disaster increased the demand for vending machines due to contactless, non-personal demand. This led to the creation of various types of vending machines, including French food vending machines. Furthermore, the Corona Disaster triggered the popularity of camping alone, and the popularity of hot sandwiches heated up. From this, in anticipation of demand, the company set out to produce a hot sandwich vending machine. The hot sandwich vending machine consists of three parts: a mechanism for feeding the ingredients, a mechanism for stacking the ingredients, and a mechanism for cooking the hot sandwich. First, bread and ingredients are placed on a plate. The plate is connected to a chain and driven by a DC motor. The amount of movement is controlled by an ultrasonic sensor. When the plate is lowered, the ingredients are placed on the conveyor belt. When the ingredients are placed, the conveyor belt is driven to the next placement point of the ingredients. The amount of movement is controlled using photo interrupters. This process is repeated until all the ingredients are placed on top of each other. The stacked ingredients are sent to the hot sandwich maker. Finally, the lid of the hot sandwich maker is closed and the sandwich is grilled for 5 minutes.

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Steganography methods have been proposed for embedding a single photographic image (image B) into another single photographic image (image A). Image A' is generated by integrating information from image B into image A, and then image B' is reconstructed by extracting the embedded information from image A'. The conventional methods are limited to embedding one photographic image into another. Therefore, we extend the conventional approach and propose a technique for embedding multiple photographic images into a single photographic image. In the proposed method, as more images B are incorporated into image A, the image quality of image A' deteriorates, while the image quality of images B' remains unaffected. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted using various photographic images. The results of these experiments elucidate the relationship between the number of images B and the resulting image quality of image A'.

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We have proposed the concept of environment-adaptive software that automatically converts and operates program code so that it can appropriately utilize the environment in which it is placed. This paper applies an automatic dividing method to IoT services as an element of environment-adaptive software, thereby making it easier for users to customize their own services.

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Observing radicals in atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasma is challenging due to its non-equilibrium state. While expensive equipment and complex methods have been proposed in the past, a simple and easy method has not been suggested yet. Therefore, in this study, we propose a imaging spectroscopy method that allows for the visualization of the density distribution of radical species in plasma using a simple and non-bulky apparatus. We report that we were able to capture the density distribution of O atomic radicals generated from dissociation of O2 in the atmosphere in Ar gas plasma in an image-like manner.

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