Carponinus castaneus Notsu, 2013 is recorded from Japan for the first time with description of the female.

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A new tenebrionid beetle, Paragonocnemis (Borneogonocnemis) lannathai sp. nov. is described from North Thailand.

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Eupyrochroa insignita (Fairmaire, 1894) is recorded from Myanmar for the first time. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/464F38ED-0CB5-4AD8-A7E2-84DEBB6781AA

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Previous records of Korean Xiphydriidae are briefly reviewed. New collection records are given for the following four species of Xiphydriidae from South Korea: Euxiphydria potanini (Jakowlew, 1891), Lissoxiphyda mitai Shinohara, 2020, Xiphydria annulitibia Takeuchi, 1936, and Xiphydria ogasawarai Matsumura, 1927. Lissoxiphyda mitai and Xiphydria ogasawarai are new to the South Korean fauna. A new checklist of nine Korean Xiphydriidae is provided. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/49D1E9FB-D8CE-4E11-A2FD-5FE97FCE5371

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A new xiphydriid woodwasp, Hyperxiphia xanthogaster n. sp., is described and illustrated from Taiwan. It is separated from the other species of Hyperxiphia by the almost entirely pale or dark yellow antennae, legs and abdomen and the yellow and black-marked head and thorax. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/E702A4E8-2128-4ED0-8898-809232EB9C98

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Mainly based on the material from various localities in Hokkaido and Honshu and rearing experiments conducted in 2006 to 2016, the immature stages are newly described and life history traits are outlined for three species of Pamphiliidae feeding on the rosaceous genus Filipendula L., Onycholyda kumamotonis (Matsumura, 1912), Pamphilius venustus (Smith, 1874) and P. sapporensis (Matsumura, 1912). The mature larvae of the three species are distinguished by the color pattern of the head, thorax and apical part of abdomen. Filipendula multijuga Maxim. and F. auriculata (Ohwi) Kitam. are new host plant records for O. kumamotonis and P. venustus. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/5275A4EA-FF6D-4EE7-B0C3-6C85846313B6

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Two new species of the genus Basanus Lacordaire, 1859 (Tenebrionidae, subfamily Diaperinae Latreille, 1802) from the Oriental Region are described: Basanus kinabalus sp. nov. (Borneo: Sabah) and Basanus terengganus sp. nov. (W. Malaysia). Additionally, new records and synonyms of known Oriental species are given. The structure of the aedeagus is quite simple and similar in all congeners and not very helpful for identification. The dorsal colour pattern, however, is surprisingly constant and displays only minute infraspecific variability. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/BD8A1BD4-333D-46CC-AB14-9E0487AF0DDF

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Brief larval descriptions are given for Rocalia japonica Naito, 1988 and R. longipennis Takeuchi, 1952. Supplementary notes on their life histories are also given. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/9D13C097-926C-418A-A732-740F36F10A43

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Two new species, Hydraena watanukii sp. nov. and Hydraena nihonkoku, are described from Niigata Prefecture, Honshu, Japan. These new species belong to the Hydraena notsui species group. The two new species of aedeagus have similar structures to each other in shape, but distinctly different in body size. A key to species of the species group is revised. This species group added two new species, bringing the total to 11. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/3AC3B242-9708-4B3E-8FC7-46BEA2B2AA15

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Seven females of Chrysolyda leucocephala (Takeuchi, 1938) emerged by April 13, 2024, from the Acer-feeding larvae collected and reared in Nagano prefecture in May, 2023 (see Shinohara et al., 2023, for details). This finally confirmed the identity of the larvae treated by Shinohara et al. (2023). ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/F0FA8C88-3397-4950-82CE-BA1046D4B064

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Recent successful results of “emergence trapping using dead branches” (ETB) for obtaining adult specimens of woodwasp families Siricidae and Xiphydriidae in Ishigaki-jima Island and Iriomote-jima Island are reported. Machilus thunbergii Siebold et Zucc. (Lauraceae) is a new host record for a siricid, Eriotremex quadricinctus Shinohara, 2022, and Castanopsis sieboldii (Makino) Hatus. ex T.Yamaz. et Mashiba subsp. lutchuensis (Koidz.) H.Ohba (Fagaceae) is a new host record for a xiphydriid, Hyperxiphia machilivora (Togashi, 1975). Hyperxiphia machilivora is newly recorded from Iriomote-jima Island. The sporadic, apparently asynchronous adult emergence of H. machilivora is peculiar when compared to the fairly synchronous adult emergence of more northern, temperate xiphydriid species, Platyxiphydria tiphiiformis Takeuchi, 1938 and Xiphydria kanba Shinohara, Hara & Smith, 2020. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/B0E97609-34C1-4E0A-808F-15EE001286E8

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A new genus, Xenoplium gen. nov. is established for four species, Xenoplium gilvum sp. nov., Xenoplium spadix sp. nov., Xenoplium varium sp. nov., and Xenoplium zabulum sp. nov. from Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand. A key to species of the new genus is provided. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/93FCE8D1-A12B-4959-B3C5-A85D02319E7C

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Two new Leprocaulinus species, L. tsuyukii sp. nov. and L. thailandicus sp. nov., are described from Thailand. Following Bouchard et al. (2021), Pigeocaulinus skalei Schawaller & Bellersheim, 2023 is transferred to the genus Leprocaulinus. A key to the species of the genus Leprocaulinus is also provided. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/961DF7A2-4223-47AC-B072-C5EB2131A624

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Eight species of the lepturine genus Japanostrangalia are recognized. Japanostrangalia laosensis sp. nov. and J. nigricornis sp. nov. are described. Strangalia thibetana Blanchard, 1871, Parastrangalis clermonti Pic, 1927, and Strangalia argodi Théry, 1896 are transferred to Japanostrangalia. Strangalia (Parastrangalis) apicicornis Pic, 1915, Strangalia (Parastrangalis) plavilstshikoviana Heyrovský, 1934 and Strangalia (Parastrangalis) savioi Pic, 1936 are newly synonymized with J. basiplicata (Fairmaire, 1889). ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/E31994E2-AB68-4385-861C-F8244FDFA047

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Two new species of the genus Myrmica Latreille, 1804 are described and illustrated from Japan: Myrmica surusumi sp. nov. and M. yadori sp. nov. The former is a member of the M. lobicornis-complex in the M. lobicornis-group and the latter is a workerless species, and socially-parasitic on Myrmica jessensis. Myrmica surusumi is most similar to M. jessensis, but it is separated from the latter by the shape of antennal scapes and petiolar node in worker and female, and the long antennal scapes and the absence of the propodeal spines in male. Although M. yadori has characteristic features of the inquiline syndrome and resembles members of the M. karavajevi-group or M. myrmicoxena-group, we positioned this species as a member of M. lobicornis-complex in the M. lobicornis-group by the shape of antennae and clypeus. A key to Japanese species of the genus Myrmica is presented. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/0C6FDA7E-535B-4502-B370-2A755784A375

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The overwintering habitat and ecology of Nagisavelia hikarui Watanabe, Nakajima et Hayashi, 2023 were reported for the first time, and suggested the following potentials: (1) overwintering occurs during at the adult stage, (2) many adults aggregate during winter, (3) overwintering occurs in the interstitial space between pieces of gravel approximately 10–40 cm below the ground surface, and (4) overwintering habitats shift more landward than during the active season. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/1D174C1E-6DD9-4983-BB79-C73CA10DACB8

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Large coral-like galls of a Tuberaphis species (Hormaphidinae: Cerataphidini) have been sporadically found on the snowbell Styrax japonicus in Japan. By examining mitochondrial DNA sequences of aphids in a few galls of the species, we confirmed that the gall-forming aphid is the primary-host generation of T. coreana, which has hitherto been recorded from its secondary host, the mistletoe Viscum album, in Korea and Japan. Tuberaphis taiwana, which forms similar coral-like galls in Taiwan, turned out to be a closely related but different species. The two species can be discriminated from each other based on the morphology of their alate emigrants. Aphids of T. coreana in the gall, including sterile second-instar soldiers, and horned apterae and first-instar nymphs on V. album are described. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/C67B79BA-7AF7-4738-B871-12991705D3B4

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Four species of Deltocephalinae are recorded from northern Japan for the first time: Endria nebulosa (Ball 1900), Cicadula flori (Sahlberg 1871), Limotettix (L.) ochrifrons Vilbaste 1973 and Calamotettix taeniatus (Horváth 1911). ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/A89A5D55-2561-4112-80BB-C2CCB260D32A

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Pronomaea taiwanensis Pace, 2007 (tribe Pronomaeini) is recorded as the first representative of this genus and tribe from Japan, and P. maxima Assing, 2014 is reported for the first time from Taiwan. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/C7CBAD39-5F47-4452-86FD-63A87F3124A1

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The sclerites of pleuron in the prothorax of Coleoptera are newly homologized. What I identified as anepisternum in the Adephaga and Archostemata is katepisternum. It is hypothesized that the endopleural ridge of prothorax may be a candidate of internalized anepisternum in the Adephaga, Archostemata, and also some Myxophaga and Polyphaga. Some morphological terms used in the paper of Naomi (2014) are corrected. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/5449E231-D30D-49A2-B89C-3389A9393FDB

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Clitelloxenia audreyae Disney, 1997 is recorded from Japan (Iriomote-jima), for the first time. A modified identification key to the Japanese species of the subfamily Termitoxeniinae is provided. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/FAA01D20-1A8E-42D1-8811-3E50B2BCE99E

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Metopia higae sp. nov. is described from Iriomote-Jima Island, Ryukyu, Japan. This species is very similar to Metopia argyrocephala (Meigen, 1824) widely distriburted in the Holarctic Region including the main islands of Japan, but it is easily distinguished by the characteristic shape of the male genitalia. A description and photographs of the type specimens are given in this paper. A taxonomic key to the Japanese Metopia spp., including the new species, is provided for identification. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/012956F5-0856-4FDA-804D-DD1E30A3E74B

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Two new species of Bolitophilidae, Bolitophila (Cliopisa) longicauda sp. nov. and Bolitophila (Cliopisa) nigrothoracica sp. nov., are described from Japan. After examining the holotype of Bolitophila (Bolitophila) perlata Garrett, 1925, Bolitophila (Bolitophila) austriaca (Mayer, 1950) is treated as a junior synonym of B. perlata. And B. perlata Garrett, 1925 is recorded from mainland of Japan for the first time. These three species are described and illustrated in detail. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/E2BF612D-700B-4422-B43C-DF5B1775C351

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The Japanese species of the brown lacewing genus Micromus Rambur, 1842 (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae, Microminae) are reviewed. The following nine species are recognized in Japan: M. angulatus (Stephens, 1836), M. calidus Hagen, 1859, M. dissimilis (Nakahara, 1915), M. igorotus Banks, 1920, M. linearis Hagen, 1858, M. numerosus Navás, 1910, M. paganus (Linnaeus, 1767), M. timidus Hagen, 1853 and M. variegatus (Fabricius, 1793). Redescriptions of morphological characters and illustrations of male and female genitalia are given for all species. The female genitalia of M. dissimilis and the subgenitales of M. angulatus and M. paganus are illustrated for the first time. The detailed distribution and flight period of M. igorotus in Okinawa Island are reported. Additionally, a key to all of the known Japanese species is provided. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/058FB9B8-E906-4A49-B435-C9B65136284C

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Larval morphology of two species of the lampyrine genus Pyrocoelia from the Amami and Okinawa Isls, middle Ryukyus, SW Japan are described for the first time. They are as follows: P. oshimana Nakane, 1985 from the Amami Isls. and P. matsumurai Nakane, 1963 from the Okinawa Isls (incl. the subsp. kumejimensis (Chûjô & Satô, 1972) from Kume-jima Is.). The larvae of both species share many characteristics, and matsumurai and the Amami-Ôshima population of oshimana are particularly similar to each other. While, the Tokuno-shima one of oshimana may be larger in body size, and the pale markings on thoracic and abdominal tergites tend to be more developed. In the species matsumurai, it is impossible to distinguish the subspecies (nominate matsumurai and kumejimensis) by both color markings and morphology. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/5AC3F847-FB8F-479C-8362-433F31B73B3C

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This paper describes the external characters of supposed larva of Luciola kuroiwae (Lampyridae, Luciolinae), whose larval stage is not yet known. The specimen examined in this paper was presumed to be larva of this species because it has morphological characteristics that are not correspond to any larvae of the other species of Lampyridae known to occur on Amami-Ôshima Island, where the specimen was collected. It is quite different from the characteristics of larvae of the genus Luciola (ex. Kawashima, 2019a; b), in which kueoiwae have been included since the original description (Matsumura, 1918), while it rather resembles the larvae of Pteroptyx (Ohba & Sim, 1994; Ballantyne & Menayah, 2002), which are widely distributed in the Oriental and the Oceania regions. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/D5C7EA3C-BE22-45CA-B1D1-885D1E92B6D0

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