The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between stretching condition, self-evaluation of stretching area, and subjective muscle tensions in junior high school students. Participants were 95 junior high school students composed of injury group (N=47) and control group (N=48). Six kinds of static-stretching (hip, quadriceps, hamstring, shoulder and upper arm, triceps and top of shoulder, gastrocnemius) were performed and their stretching area and subjective muscle tension were reported. Athletic career, practice quantity (practice time) and subjective muscle tension of quadriceps were greater in the injury group than in the control group. Meanwhile subjective muscle tension of hip and gastrocnemius were greater in the control group than in the injury group. The ratio of incorrect estimation of stretching area for hamstring and gastrocnemius were higher in the control group than in the injury group. The practice time was greater in the injury group than in the control group (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09-1.36). The confirmation of stretching area and subjective muscle tension are important when the athlete performed stretching exercise. Further studies are needed to determine the effect of static-stretching exercise in sports activities.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the related factors among the frail elderly community-dwelling peoples for prevention of decline fall-related self-efficacy in the prospective study. The subjects were enrolled 38 frail elderly people living at home who used day-care facilities regularly. Their ages ranged from 65 to 87 years, with an average age of 73.3±6.7 years. An interview was conducted to assess habit of sitting on the floor at home, and the Falls Efficacy Scale in Japanese edition score (FES(J)). The timed “Up and Go” Test (TUG) were also measured. Results of multiple logistic regression analysis, the habit of sitting on the floor change of two years (odds ratio: 6.06, p=0.004) was confirmed to be factors affecting fall-related self-efficacy. The results indicate a factor to let the ability sit on the floor reduce as for fall-related self-efficacy in frail elderly. Further study is needed to evaluate the activity avoidance of Japanese lifestyle and lost confidence in ADL due to fear of falling. We were anticipate the application of this strategy in evaluation and intervention programs.

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of changes in indoor brightness on sway of the body during static standing and immediately after standing up. [Subjects] The subjects were 10 healthy young adults and 10 healthy seniors. [Methods] We set indoor illuminance at 1000, 100, 10 and 0 lux. We measured swaying of the body during static standing and immediately after standing up in the young and elderly subjects, and compared the body sway of the young group with that of the elderly group. [Results] This study indicated that circumference area under during static standing increased as the illuminance decreases in both young and elderly groups, but there was not significant illuminance-groups interaction. In both groups, there were no significant differences in total trajectory length and circumference area during static standing and immediately after standing up among illuminance. In the elderly subjects, total trajectory length and circumference area immediately after standing up were significantly higher than in younger subjects at each illuminance. [Conclusion] This study suggested that postural control during close legs static standing in the elderly group was not so dependent on visual sense.

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