It has been heard recently that the blood is SARASARA (sensuous expression as a murmur of a brook) or DORODORO (unsensuous syrupy) used as a means to express its fluidity. The mass media uses these as slang expressing in indices of health condition. It is not desirable that some of hemorheology researchers are using these in spite of the definition of these words being not clear. Also, there are no criteria which can set any reliance as numeric expression on the present state. Author want to make reference about the recent advances on clinical hemorheology based on such a back ground in this paper. This paper describes the relation between the viscosity of blood, deformability of blood cells, and microcirculation from the view point of clinical hemorheology. Furthermore, it outlines about the fluidity of blood concerning with metabolism, hormonal function, exercise, cytokines, growth factors, oxidative stress and the leukocyte rheology. Speaking conclusively. being only that the hemorheology makes on a part of pathophysiology we have to take into consideration that there are many factors in the pathogenesis of disease and progress.

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Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a method of measuring molecular diffusion constant and absolute number of molecule at extremely low concentrations based on single-molecule fluorescence detection technique. FCS has proven to be a powerful tool for detection and investigation of bio-molecules in solution. In recent, researchers have applied FCS to study molecular kinetics and biochemical reaction in living cells because FCS can measure the diffusion of molecules in cytosol, plasma membrane region and nucleus distinctly in a living cell. This article provides a short overview of recent FCS study in the field of molecular biology and cell biology. An introduction of FCS principle is provided in the section 2. Recent FCS study is reviewed in the section 3.

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NKCP is the fragment of a part of Bacillopeptidase F from Natto bacteria (Bacillus natto), supplied as the tablet without distinct odor, bacterial cells nor vitamin K. The daily oral administration of NKCP, 28 volunteers for two weeks and 23 volunteers for several months, were examined to evaluate anti-thrombotic and fibrinolytic effect of the NKCP for humans.
The fibrinolytic effect was observed with shortering eugloburin lysis time in both trials without any significant changes in other coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters. Furthermore, we observed the statistically significant change of shoulder stiffness. These results suggest that oral administration of NKCP has the fibrinolytic effect and the improvement of local blood flow. With further in vivo investigation, NKCP May be used as the preventing substrate from thrombotic disease.

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Antithrombogenicity of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells exposed to human blood for 2 - 8 hours under a stagnant flow condition was examined using a system consisting of a hybrid vessel model and a damped oscillation rheometer. Exposure of endothelial cells to blood for 8 hours did not cause detachment of the endothelial cells. Only a slight adhesion of platelets to the cells occurred, but no coagulation of platelet-free plasma occurred. These results suggest that the endothelial cells did not suffer from any damage nor injury to cause thrombus formation and coagulation. In contrast to this, under the condition of a damped oscillation, coagulation of whole blood in the vessel model occurred at about 20 min, regardless of the pre-exposure of endothelial cells to blood. This suggests that an extremely slow flow may induce the formation of thrombus or clot on an intact vessel wall. Furthermore, the occurrence of coagulation of blood in contact with endothelial cells supports our previously proposed hypothesis that the activation of factor IX by an enzyme on erythrocyte membranes triggers blood coagulation.

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