This paper investigates the relationship between menstrual cycle regularity during college and the subsequent fertility of women who graduate from a physical education college（N＝496）and an education college (control group, N＝120).

The study investigated the state of menstruation during college, as well as pregnancies, deliveries, postpartum health, gynecological diseases, and climacteric symptoms occurring after college. The results were as follows:

1）There was no clear difference between the physical education group and the control group in terms of age at menarche, age at marriage, the number of pregnancies, and the ratio of infertility.

2）The rates of premature delivery, post-term delivery, stillbirth, and spontaneous abortion of the physical education group were high compared to those of the control group. In addition, abnormalities concerning pregnancy and delivery in the control group were high in comparison with those in the physical education group. However, the rates of premature delivery, post-term delivery, stillbirth, and spontaneous abortion were lower in both groups than in the general population.

3）No differences were observed between pregnancy, delivery, physical condition after giving birth, and the duration of labor in the physical education group and the control group.

4）The rate of irregular cycles and secondary amenorrhea during college was13.0% in the physical education group, and 16.1% in the control group. Two women who never had the menstruation during college were belonged to the physical education group.

5）It was apparent that infertility problems, infertility distress, spontaneous abortions, and secondary amenorrhea were more common for women with irregular cycles than for women who had regular menstruation cycles while they attended college.

These results suggest that the state of a woman’s menstrual cycles during college is related to her fertility in the future, especially regarding rates of infertility and spontaneous abortion.

The aim of this study is to clarify the smoking rates among university students.

We carried out questionnaires and serum cotinine tests on fourth grade students of university C in April,1998. The subjects of this study were 317 students (male:193, female:124). We analyzed the relationship of serum cotinine concentration, smoking habit, number of cigarette and nicotine dependency.

The detectable limit of cotinine was 10.00ng/ml.

The results show that the serum cotinine was statistically significant different smoker(180.53ng/ml)from non-smoker (13.64ng/ml) (p＜0.001)．

The serum cotinine concentration was significantly correlated with number of cigarette per day（Pearson’s r＝0.770,p＜0.001）and nicotine dependence score (FTQ) (Spearman’s r＝0.823,p＜0.001).

The smoking rate by the questionnaire was 26.2％, and by serum cotinine concentration was 27.1％, respectively. So, we concluded the smoking rates among university C students by questionnaire survey was approximately correct.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop a Japanese version of the child sense of coherence（SOC）scale developed by Torsheim（2001）and to evaluate the psychometric properties.

Setting and Participants: Questionnaire survey was administered to 1,987 grade 5 and 6 students from eleven elementary schools in the X prefecture at Chugoku region, Japan. Finally, 619 students completed measures on SOC, life style consistency and frequency (going to bed, taking breakfast and cleaning teeth), participation in decision making in the family and subjective health complaints.

Methods: Following the forward-backward translation, a preliminary Japanese version of the child SOC scale was developed. Psychometric properties of the scale such as internal consistency, factorial validity and invariance, and construct validity were examined.

Results : Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated the second-order factor model comprised of three factors（Meaningfulness, Comprehensibility, and Manageability）had good fit to the data, providing further support for factorial validity. Multiple-group factor analysis in sex and grade groups supported the factorial invariance of the hypothesized three-factor second-order model of the scale. Chronbach alpha for three subscales were relatively low, although the total scale’s alpha was high. Construct validity were supported by the theoretically expected mean differences on the SOC scores among response categories of life style consistency and frequency and weak-to-moderate correlations between the SOC scores and participation in decision making score, the SOC scores and subjective health complaints scores.

Conclusion: The Japanese version of the child SOC scale seems totally valid for measuring children’ sense of coherence in Japanese school-aged children, However, further modifications are required especially to improve the subscales’ internal consistencies.