Many local governments conduct citizen satisfaction surveys for improving their government policies. However, the relationship between the high citizen satisfaction and the high local government performance has not been proved yet. The reason may be that they are lack of theoretical framework of citizen satisfaction, and thus it may make quantitative analysis hard. This study firstly defines the elements of satisfaction according to the Service Quality Method, and proves empirically that there are differences of “word-of-mouth communication”, “citizen needs” and “past experiences”, which form “city service expected by citizen”, between the whole citizen and that of those who came newly from the other cities. In addition, we prove out that the mean-method statistical test could not capture the citizen's voice completely.

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 Public works have contributed to the construction of the high-quality living space and of the country safe and secure against natural disasters. In recent years, however, negative image for public works is spreading in Japan. There seems to be atmosphere of criticism for public works. The budget is cut and some projects are delayed or stopped due to the difficulty of obtaining public support. We must promote these works with the agreement of the people. Therefore, it is important to understand the people's impression. We conducted four times of surveys semiannually, and obtained panel data (N=400) about people's image towards some words over “public works”. As the result, it was suggested that the quantity of newspaper reports affect the image change. And from the result of analysis, the image of “public works” seems to have relationship with evaluation of the government.

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 This study developed a process to estimate the economic ripple effects of investments resulting from public construction projects in the construction area. A case study was conducted in an expressway construction area where depopulation advanced. The information used in the estimation process includes the construction cost, period, work type, and initial demand. Those were analyzed by using the regional input-output table and the construction input-output analysis table. The estimation results were organized by industrial field, construction type and year. In the case study, the results identified that after full-scale construction work started, the annual business volume had been stable. This indicates that the developed process is useful to estimate the economic ripple effects of public construction projects.

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 In recent years, fluctionations in annual snowfall possibly because of global warming pose financial risks to municipalities that are facing tight budgets. It is impossible for municipalities to secure in advance the budget to meet an unspected increase in snow removal costs due to heavey snowfall. Meanwhile heavy snowfall occurs, the municipalities have to secure the budget to remove the snow even if the amount exceeds municipalities' budgets. In such a case, prefectural or national goverments financially support the municipalities, however, there have not been definite rules how municipalities and the government would share the exceeding cost. This study identifies how municipalities have secured budgets to treat roads after heavy snowfalls to seek a way to establish the rule. This study also examines the potential of a model which have been proposed by the authors to estimate snow remocal costs of municipalities.

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 There are fatal accidents that occur frequently in the construction site. Field officials know about many of the measures for preventing reoccurrence.
 It should be able to eliminate the frequent fatal accidents by implementing those measures. However, because of the difficulty to implement the effective risk reduction measures due to some problem in current situation, many of the frequent fatal accidents have not ever been eliminated.
 To examine the solution to this problem, in this study, by implementing the questionnaire survey on construction companies, collecting the information about risk reduction measures for those accidents and the evaluation on the feasibility and its risk reduction effect of those measures, and analyzing them, we examine the effective risk reduction measures for those accidents.
 The result reveals, among various risk reduction measures, those that precedence should be taken to disseminate the risk reduction measures and the fatal accident information to the construction site, that new risk reduction measures are needed, and that the support of the work ordering party etc is needed for the realization of those measures.

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 This research examines the applicability of the degradation prediction method proposed until now using the periodic inspection data of the highway bridges by the visual inspection which the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, transport and Tourism(MLIT) introduced from 2004. All the data collected from the highway bridge of the Japan whole country has the exact position information from which position in a bridge it was acquired. The feature of degradation of the component of a highway bridge is greatly influenced by the position of each component, and the difference in a local environment condition. Therefore, in order to obtain a reliable future prediction result, it turned out that it is indispensable to classify data according to a suitable attribute and position finely, and to use. Furthermore, the method of expression of condition state transition of the highway bridge which can include the information on the variation in degradation was proposed.

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 It is essential to establish lifecycle management strategies under budgetary restriction in order to ensure performance of existing structures. This study discusses the prioritization procedure of repair based on the net present value (NPV). Two ports, having 5 and 3 mooring facilities, are forcused in this study as a model case and their prioritization procedure and annual budget are evaluated. Deterioration progress of mooring facilities was predicted by using the Markov-chain model to calculate repair costs. After the repair costs were calculated, benefits of each facility were estimated. In this study, to consider the influence of budgetary restriction, annual budgets were set at 40 patterns. The NPV of each facility in the planned service life (50 years) was calculated from the repair costs and the benefits.
 As the results, the NPV became maximum when the facility having large benefit is given priority to repair and the most suitable annual budgets of each port are the annual budgets when the repair costs are optimized.

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 In this paper, first of all, accuracy of a previous evaluation method in mountain tunnel preliminary geological investigation (the method of geological evaluation using core point) is not high is indicated. Then, the new method of geological evaluation using the artificial neural network in mountain tunnel preliminary investigation is created and applied to mountain tunnel construction projects. In detail, the data got in preliminary investigations, for instance the physical property (seismic wave velocity(Vp) and electric resistivity(ρ)), is applied to the input data of the artificial neural network to argue what data to use is the best to evaluate the geological condition accurately. Then, the availability of using the proposal method is comfirmed by comparing the proposal method to the previous methods in the construction cost. Finaly, in terms of the geotechnical risk reduction, recommendations on the preliminary geological investigation and the evaluation in mountain tunnel construction projects are proposed.

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 Among attempts to tackle the aging infrastructure problem, warranty contract has increasingly been placed at the center of attention. This study proposes a method for mechanism design that promote effective use of the technical expertise in the private sector in warranty contracts. The case is drawn from a series of contracts for pavement construction contracts managed by the Chugoku Regional Development Bureau of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. An auction theoretic model is developed for formalizing the incentive structure of the concerned parties. Our simulation results show that social surplus in the case of a warranty contract depends on the amount of financial penalties, from which necessary conditions for designing sustainable contractual arrangements are derived.

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 When Japan was hit by the Great East Japan Earthquake, local construction firms quickly provided their communities with skilled operators and heavy equipment, assisting with rescue and recovery by moving debris and helping to lift collapsed structures. However, if big earthquakes occur directly beneath the Tokyo Metropolitan area, or if a massive quake occurs along the Nankai Trough as expected, construction firms can no longer be expected to operate in a similar way.
 Due to shrinking of the construction market as well as sagging profits with tightening competition quality companies are having difficulty in surviving. Especially local small and medium-sized construction firms have been exhausted and the industry's disaster response capabilities have been seriously deteriorated. The serious weakening of the construction industry is possibly caused primarily by Japan's unique public procurement rules and contract pricing mechanisms.
 This study first traces the history of Japan's public procurement rules after identifying key factors weakening the construction industry, and then conducts a comparative review of public procurement procedures in major countries which have taken on new dimensions. Based on these considerations it points out the need to reform the Japanese public procurement rules by revising the government-imposed price control system and introducing negotiated procedures as well as to restructure the social system itself with the objective of developing and maintaining quality infrastructure at a reasonable price in a timely manner in a fair competitive environment.

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 Unlike in a conventional bidding contract, in an “inverted win-bid” contract, the bidding company's technical competitiveness is comprehensively evaluated. To better understand such contracts, the inverted win-bid data from the general public engineering works of the Tokushima Prefecture for 2012 were analyzed. We found that for 83% of the inverted win-bid contracts, the bid price is nearly identical to the trigger price, and the average bid price is lower than the lowest winning-bid price. We also find that the maximum bid price is 65% over the winning-bid price for contracts bellow JPY 10 million, and is 48% over the winning-bid price for contracts between JPY 10-50 million.

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 Japan Civil Engineering Contractors Association published a statement titled “Setting up to tendering and procurement system substantiates transparency” in April 2006. The content of this statement was to move out from antisocial activities such as engaging in bid rigging etc. By this statement published, the construction industry in Japan had changed its basic philosophy from “mutual support” to “fair competitiveness”. However, the fast out-coming was offering low prices in tenderings. The many tender prices offered by contractors were quite low compared of Owner's estimate and public sectors made contract with contractors. This was not abnormal situation but public sectors started to apply a coefficient that was figured out the contract amount divided by the owner's estimate to additional cost claims from the contractor. This paper is discussing about the problem regarding applying the coefficient.

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 The agreement on government procurement of World Trade Organization (WTO) had been effective in Japan in January 1996. This agreement created the big impact to not only the governmental organizations but also the whole construction industry in Japan. Almost 20 years have passed since then. For confirming this agreement, publick work proquirment systems have been modified. However, it still remains matters need to reconsider. The tipical matter is handling system for additional cost claim cleated with misunderstanding of Article XV: Limited Tendering. Most of public sectors set up the strange evaluation and settlement system of additional cost claim. The system is saying that the additional cast will be paied until aqumrated 50% of the original contract amount, but the over the portion will not be paied. This paper is discussing about the problems and those countermeasures for international agreaments mainly WTO.

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 The infrastructure market in domestic and international(mainly by ODA budget) for Japan Civil Engineering Consulting Firm(JCECF) is shrinking tendency. On the other hand, the share of Japanese companies in the Asian engineering market is only 3% influenced by Western and Australian companies though there is a strong demand for infrastructure in the Asian region with remarkable economic growth. This paper presents the current problem of JCECF from its historical origins as well as clarify the roles and risks played by JCECF through the case studies of Mini-hydropower project as a typical PPP project advances in Asia. The result conduce to indicate an effective infrastructure business model for JCECF when they aim to enter into international infrastructure market by PPP.

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 The quality-and cost-based selection (QCBS) method has been revised to the present method according to the social demand at each time, during its introductive, diffusion, and transformation stage. This paper focuses on the revision history and analyzed the purpose and effectiveness. As a result, this study proposes issues and improvements concerning the technical evaluation method of the QCBS method, such as that the estimate price should be set according to the demanded proposal contents; the usage of the price competition should be limited and the construction work quality examination should be clearly located as a technical evaluation; and a client support system should be sturctured, such as constructing a database which makes the application of various QCBS methods possible.

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 This research aims at discussing the state of evaluation and training of the technical government official. Then we show clearly technical capabilities that are needed for technical government official's.
 First, We newly proposed the construction drawing of a construction management system through the literature research for the existing construction management system.
 And We assumed that a technical government official's business is included by the system of this construction drawing and extracted a technical government official's business, technical capabilities and the elements required for it from the structured analysis of construction management drawing.

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 This paper verifies effectiveness of emergency transportation in case of the Nankai earthquake which is predicted to be occurs with a probability of 60-70% in the next 30 years. Based on "Operation Comb” which worked effectively in Tohoku Pacific Ocean Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011. Shikoku district is considering the “Operation Comb of Shikoku version”.Although practical use of the road network at the time of a disaster is an indispensable matter, Tohoku region and the Shikoku region have different geological and geographical conditions. This paper tried toconduct comparative verification focused on landslide geographical conditions and risk of deep-seated landslide.
 As a result of the verification, it is concerned that frequency of road infrastructure damage will be occurred in the route specified as the urgent transportation road, in “Operation Comb of Shikoku version”. It is necessary to build a measure of comprehensive new emergency transportation which is take into consider the geology and the geographical conditions of the Shikoku region.

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 Preah Vihear in Cambodia is typically an isolated region that has been neglected for many decades. In 2008, when Preah Vihear was listed as World Heritage Site, the Cambodian government finally started to pay attention to this remote region. One of the most important issues is how Preah Vihear could be an economic and eco-cultural motor for the development in one of the poorest regions in the country. Preah Vihear can be an engine for the development of the region, if once its potentials of cultural heritage combine with its natural resources. This paper indicates that Preah Vihear and its region has various heritage values and regional cultural values, and its resources are able to generate development. These could lead to the road of sustainability, if once all the criteria for economic growth works well and the conditions for social progress are fulfilled. In that perspective, Preah Vihear must have a chance to achieve its final goal and reduce poverty gap by sustainable development.

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 Tochigi Prefecture utilizes resources in the area to promote a countermeasure against the global warming and is proceeding with the introduction of the renewable energy. Because there are an upland and a forest in Tochigi Prefecture, it utilizes rich water resources, it is stable through the year and it is possible to do hydroelectric power generation. Therefore, in the prefecture, to proceed with the introduction of the hydroelectric power generation more, the prefecture drafted " the supporting project for the hydroelectric power generation utilization river water " to support a power generation business in the civilian actively and decided implementing it. This article shows the system of the policy about the hydroelectric power generation in Tochigi Prefecture.
 Then, it reports on the overview, former elapse of the background and the business which drafted this business. Lastly, it is described about the spread of the future.

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 Local construction companies have been essential to emergency disaster recovery and have made an important contribution to carrying out it smoothly in coopration with a local municipality. On the other hand, local construction companies have been declined due to the reduction in public investment. It is necessary to maintain local construction companies and its coopretion with a local municipality for emergency disaster recovery. Therefore, this study investigated the emergency disaster recovery by local construction companies in North-Kyushu Heavy Rainfall occurred in July 2012.

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