"TSUBAME", an earth and astronomical observation technology demonstration satellite being now developed by Matunaga laboratory at ISAS/JAXA, has the control moment gyro (CMG) system arranged in the pyramid type as an attitude control device. In this paper, we firstly mention the influence of disturbance torque which the CMG system generates at activation and deactivation on the satellite attitude, and propose an attitude stabilization control method, and explain numerical simulation results of the proposal method compared with hardware experimental results.

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Since the observation of the asteroid pair of "Ida" and "Dactyl" by Galileo in 1993, much effort has been made on the space mission design for such asteroid pairs; especially, stability analysis for relative equilibria is focused on as one of the crucial subjects. In this paper, we investigate stability of the relative equilibria of binary asteroids that are comprised of two rigid bodies and we show that four relative equilibria of binary asteroids can be developed as a stationary orbit in the context of the Dirac reduction theory. Moreover, we utilize the energy-momentum method for the stability analysis of the relative equilibria. Finally, we show the stability region and demonstrate the stability around the steady motion by numerical simulations.

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During development of a large size CAMUI-type hybrid rocket motor in 2006, anomalous combustion associated with large pressure spike frequently occurred. After troubleshooting, low temperature of the fuel was found to have caused anomalous combustion. Because a cryogenic liquid oxygen tank is around the motor, polyethylene fuel grain is cooled to liquid oxygen temperature. The anomalous combustion was duplicated with a downsized motor. The size of the fuel grain was 2/5 of large size motor. Because Damkohler number is proportional to the ratio of pressure and oxygen mass flux, the ratio for the subscale motor was conformed to that for the full-scale motor. In a reproductive experiment, pressure spike also appeared. This result suggests that blow-off occurs before the pressure spike. After the blow-off, gas mixture in the chamber may ignite to cause the pressure spike.

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Although many groups are developing Cansat, a can-sized mock satellite, they have few opportunities to test due to difficulties for students to launch Cansats domestically. To provide the chance to launch Cansats, the authors downsized CAMUI type hybrid rocket and created easy-to-use launch system. The new launcher, miniCAMUI, uses gas oxygen (GOX) as oxidizer and high density polyethylene as fuel. Using GOX instead of liquid oxygen contributes to downsizing and weight saving, reduction of turnaround time for launch due to the simplified procedure to fill the oxidizer. A GOX tank connects to a motor through a valve. An air-driven actuator operates the valve miniCAMUI was launched 6 times in June and July 2012. Three of them were serial successful launches with two rockets in a day, with a turnaround time about 45 minutes. Two of the three launches were with the same rocket in the day. With the wind velocity of 1 to 2 m/s, the apogee altitude was about 74 m, being very close to the predetermined altitude of 80 m. This result shows that miniCAMUI was successfully developed as a small launch system with high operability. miniCAMUI is available for launches to various altitudes below 250 m.

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The purpose of the research is to establish a calibration method for antenna pointing, which has difficulty in observing stars except the sun because of its low cost but noisy receiver, nor has its own calibration system. Two approaches are suggested in this paper. First method is the estimation of the target direction using the received signal. This is real time estimation, using Unscented Kalman Filter based on Cross-Scan method. Second is off-line estimation, which calculates coordinate of antenna using the result of the real time estimation. The first method was tested by simulation and the experiment tracking the sun. It was found that antenna will be able to track the sun for more than 4 hours autonomously. In the experiment, Φ3m parabola for Nano-JASMINE, nano-satellite for astrometry being developed by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, the University of Tokyo, was used. The second method was tested by simulation and it was indicated that the pointing error would be less than 0.3degree.

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Recently, a field of nano-satellite has become one of the important streams in the space technology. Many nano-satellites are going to be launched from the latter half of 2012, however, it seems that there are unfortunately few satellite earth stations with enough ability which the nano-satellites can use for high speed communication. Therefore, a satellite earth station which enables the high speed communication is now strongly needed not only for the nano-satellites going to be launched shortly but also for the future of nano-satellite field. So, we have planned to use an earth satellite station with 10.26 m dish antenna in Fukui University of Technology for the high speed communication of nano-satellites based on the collaboration with satellite manufacture organizations which belong to UNISEC. In this paper, we describe the performance of our earth satellite station and the operating plan for 8 nano-satellites which will be launched from the latter half of this year to 2014.

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Recently the activities for the development of micro- and nano- satellites like a cubesat are being increased. A lot of satellites are operated at a ground station located in a university, but public orbit information is used for satellite tracking, and sometimes the tracking will be failure because the release frequency of orbit is not sufficient. In this paper, the orbit determination system is constructed using observations of Doppler frequency at a low-cost receiving instruments. The evaluation test by two-station observations at Japan and Germany for a 430-MHz cubesat was carried out, and the reasonable performance was confirmed, in which the position error is 9.5 km, the azimuth error is 0.26 deg and the elevation error is 0.12 deg in RMS each.

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The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011, and the huge tsunami brought with it great suffering in the coast of Tohoku region. The tsunami swept away people, cars, houses and whole communities In Iwate prefecture where our college exists, coverage showed that dozens of cars and containers being washed into the sea when a tsunami hit Kamaishi port. The disaster cut off lifelines such as gas, electricity and running water in widespread areas across northeast Japan. In this region, the recovery and reconstructing activity is still executing but the wasted woody biomass has been stacked up in everywhere In the meantime, we have considered and examined an effective utilization of such wasted woody biomass. In this report, the outline of the challenge using Stirling cooler and Stirling engine in the disaster area is concretely introduced. In the community of the disaster area, the system which utilizes solar and wind energy in addition to the woody biomass fuel is also expected.

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By a huge earthquake and tsunami ( i. e., "Great East Japan Earthquake" of March 11, 2011), the first Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant was damaged and completely stopped electricity generation. Through the experience of a tragic accident, the Japanese government and people have directed to choose the renewable energy as power generation. It is important at the present state that the information about renewable energy is offered easily and correctly to the people. The aim of this report, therefore, is to discuss about how the information should be offered easily. The authors point out easily understandable expression forms of tables and figures. This contributes to seek a way of the most effective presentations for tables and figures for promoting the renewable energy usage.

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This article describes the world oil production situation and energy risk. The evidence of peak out oil were explained in various aspects, namely trends of oil prices , global oil field production histories and so on. The other conventional fuels as natural gas , coal and nuclear energy were discussed. In addition the role of renewable energy and long-term trends of future energy supply was investigated beyond 2010 to 2100. Finally the impact of global energy change on society in Japan was discussed. The way to minimize the risk was discussed based on energy supply scenario.

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Scraping is done on the sliding surface of a machine tool or surface plate. Scraping is high-precision, effective for reducing friction and helps prolong the life of a machine. Scraping can be done by humans and can remove the surface of cast iron which was originally finished by a machine with cutting tools. This hand scraping needs skill and experience to do a proper job. In addition, the fact that there are few people who can do this type of work, manual scraping is hard work. and there are few people willing to take on this work In order to solve these problems, the use of robots is considered very effective. We videoed a skilled worker and analyzed the forces of the scraping process and made a model illustration of the cutting work. Based on the model, we calculated the force required for scraping work and considered the specifications for the scraping robot. Furthermore, we designed the part of the cam that transmits work from circular movements to linear motion. This paper describes the research and development of the prototype of a scraping robot.

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A compact magnetic levitation system had been developed as an educational tool. The system is to learn about classical control theory, transfer function, PID feedback control, time response, frequency response, and stability. You don't need any other measurement instruments or power units because it's battery-operated, and it has a LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) to show some measurement and analysis results. The size is 130 × 82 × 165mm, weight is about 780g, it can be carried by one hand. The production cost is only about 6,000 yen, it's possible to produce multiple units (about ten units) for one class by the fiscal budget. The part which need some machining process is only base plate of the apparatus, all the other parts; frame, iron core of the electromagnet, levitation object, etc. are ready-made, most of the manufacturing time is soldering. The control parameters can be changed during the control system is running by pushed-buttons installed on the control board, to be easy to understand effects of change of the control parameters. Effectiveness of the system has already been confirmed in an automatic control class for the 4^<th> grade students last year.

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This paper describes the development of sensing system on the vehicle motion using Lab VIEW. In this study, acceleration is measured to know the vehicle motion with PC based measurement system which consists of LabVIEW/Compact DAQ components Behaviors of acceleration are measured with the directions of three axes(x-y-z). As the results, we had a portable DAQ apparatus successfully, and the behaviors of acceleration, deceleration and turning could be logged with a high degree of accuracy.

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This paper introduces our practical educational program related to mechatronics and robotics. In our educational program, students will build up their own software for controlling the robotic arm to follow their arms motion by using the range image sensor (known as KINECT sensor). At first, they confirm the servo-motor specification and the image processing methods separately. Finally, how to build up integrated software which control the robotic arm by using the range image sensor is learnt. To improve our educational program, a questionnaire is carried out to measure the student opinions.

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A computer assisted instruction (CAI) system for simulating mechanism construction in the 3-dimensional space has been developed. In this study, the function of making the cam profiles based on the displacement diagram was implemented to the system. The displacement diagram can be drawn easily with the mouse device by combining the arbitrarily-inclined lines and sine curves, and that one can preview the cam profile which is determined by the provided diagram. The system also has the function to notify the maximum pressure angle and its positions to the user during the operation of making the cam. It was demonstrated that the useful environment of the learning about the cam mechanism based on the displacement diagram can be presented to beginners.

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Leonardo da Vinci is not only the artist who painted masterpieces such as "The Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa" but also a great scientist and engineer. He left records of many original scientific inventions and explorations in Leonardo's Codices. The contents of these Codices are interesting for beginners who are studying mechanical engineering. Therefore, models were reconstructed from the drawings in these codices, to be used as teaching materials for the study of mechanical engineering. In this paper, the educational use of reconstructed models was described. Trial kit of mechanical models were designed and made for primary school students. The workshops were tried in order to evaluate the trial kit m the Da Vinci Festival at Toyama Prefectural University and Toyama Children's center. As the results, the workshops utilizing the proposed kit were an effective way to instruct in introductory education of mechanical engineering.

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The author has developed some of the educational material content of CG animation for an explanation of the structure and principles of the engine so far. Using this know-how, an animation contents of technology heritage was developed. This time, this study dealt with an air-cooled horizontally flat-four engine for a very old plane which was made during the second war that currently belong to the University of the author. This engine is a type O-290-A manufactured by Lycoming in the United States. This engine was decomposed and each components were measured. Then, a 3DCG animation content was made by using 3DCAD.

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Many mass-produced goods are manufactured using a mold. In order to understand the behavior of melted alloy ejected into a mold, various efforts have been made to improve simulation technologies. However, the molding process is not easily understood since most molds are opaque, and direct observation of the melt flow phenomenon in the mold is important because it changes significantly in an actual casting field depending on the mold. In this study, a small die casting machine for low melting point metals utilizing a 3D-CAD/CAE/CAM system was developed for educational classes on casting, die casting and injection molding. The die casting machine is small and easy to use. An arbitrary shaped mold was made from transparent acrylic resin to visually observe the melt flow phenomena in the cavity, and a low melting metal was used for safety reasons. The speed of injection is important for filling the mold cavity, and specifications of the machine were determined by trial-and-error experiments. A questionnaire on the improvement of casting knowledge was distributed to the fourth-, fifth- and advanced-level students of our school who passed the actual experiment. Results showed that the students' level of understanding in casting improved Thus, the machine is a good teaching material in mechanical engineering.

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In most cases, the fracture of machines and structures is brought by the stress concentration due to the existence of a crack. Therefore, it is important to know the strength of cracked structures, the fracture mechanics was proposed by GR Irwin. On the other hand, it is desirable to experience the experiment to understand the fracture mechanics, the teaching material on fracture mechanics that used a strip of paper with a crack was proposed by the author. In this study, the effectiveness of this teaching material is confirmed in the cases of various cracked problems.

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Recently, an increase in global awareness has led to a boom in the market for renewable energy technology. Although, wind energy do not plays a central role of energy production in Japan. One of the strategy to keep the development of wind energy is student education about the wind turbine technology, and lead the student to the mechanical engineer. To educate both theory and actual practice at the same time for a large number of students is difficult in Engineering Education. Because, The long training time is necessary for mastering a processing technique at machine shop Therefore, To educate the optimal design and manufacturing of the rotor blades of wind turbine briefly is difficult. In this study, we developed the educational tool for learning the optimal design of the rotor blades with assembling an original wind turbine paper model and with fluid calculation of the rotor blade by GPL wind turbine calculation software.

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Practice of Creative Engineering with the aim of the improvement in the willingness and the joint ownership of the achievement sensation was carried out in the mechanical engineering department of Kobe City College of Technology. The theme of the practice is the fabrication of the toy using marbles. The work which each group fabricated is connected, and it is completed as one large work. As a result of carrying out the practice, the improvement in the willingness in the practical fabrication was able to be confirmed. In addition, it was also possible joint ownership achievement sensation class whole. The result was good even in the other questionnaire item. From the result, the high teaching effectiveness in the practice of creative engineering can be expected.

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In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of firms and schools introducing laser machines. The CO_2 laser is suited for cutting and engraving, and used for industrial cutting of many materials including metal, plastic, wood, and fabrics. The laser machine was transferred to the Tokyo Tech High School from the Tokyo Institute of Technology in 2011. The maximum cutting rate is limited by a number of factors including laser power, material thickness, and material properties. This paper describes these educational practices using laser machine.

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A design education in mechanical engineering is acquisition of a process which makes the trial calculation of the intensity calculation for manufacturing a machine part and a structure repeats feedback of form change and makes a size decision. This thinking method and process can expect an education effect broadly, without remaining in the lecture of a mechanical design, since it is widely applicable to a life at large. The process of the mechanical design has been the important educational process of forming the view over craftsmanship, through the discussion with a teacher, and the advice from a teacher. Therefore, individual consulting is desirable. We developed the system for finishing individual consulting in school hours, and it was used for the lecture. This paper describes the result of having individual consulting to about 70 participants within the time in a lesson using the developed system.

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To educate the effective Japanese communication ability of students, it is indispensable to write the quantity compositions spending time sufficiently. This paper reports that the excellent educational effects can be achieved through the thorough training of Japanese communication ability.

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isiting a small factory of the old part of Tokyo on a junior high school excursion of Iwate prefecture is introduced. Junior high school students visited rear-car (Japanese English) manufacturer near Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology. Their impressions are introduced. It is found that visiting a small factory is effective as technology education.

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In low temperature differential Stirling engine, the channel shape heat exchanger is better than conventional flat shape heat exchanger as numerical analysis. The method a beginner can adopt the CFD is introduced The first priority of the CFD was to obtain the data for drastic improvement of low temperature differential Stirling engine. It is important that many times of try and error are carried out by many people than the accuracy of analysis. The use of KNOPPIX Edu7 enables to avoid the problem of the licenses. In the calculation, the flow of working fluid in displacer chamber is two dimensional steady state incompressible turbulent flow. In the case of the conventional flat shape heat exchanger, the velocity of working fluid on the surface of heat exchanger is low. The heat exchange in the path between displacer and the wall of the proposed heat exchanger improves the average temperature in the expansion side of displacer chamber.

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Regulatory sciences (RS) and regulatory engineering (RE) came to draw much attention from a variety of professionals and citizens around the world, given situations in the global arena that various natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and tornados, and societal welfare issues, such as those of adverse effects of various chemicals, toxic materials and pharmaceuticals on human bodies and the environment, global energy and environmental issues, and medical issues became increasingly focused, in this age of globalization. This means that we need to plan, develop, apply, scrutinize, and establish well suited, timely regulations, codes and standards for issues in needs of them, based on sound scientific and engineering principles and findings. In this report, RS and RE fundamentals, tools, peer review, ethics, communication and standard of college level course on RE and RS is discussed and proposed among others, utilizing a collaborative learning approach and coach learning method, in consideration of cases, when offered in Japan.

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Production subject matter utilized in "Energy Conversion Technology " was developed using an electric double layer capacitor. Production subject matter is a robot which runs a hula hoop by one motor, and an electric double layer capacitor is used as its power supply. Production subject matter is simplified with restricting the number of motors as the power source to one, and the work can be completed in short time. Moreover, learning became possible also about effective use of energy through measurement of stored quantity of electricity, or consumed quantity of electricity by utilizing the electric double layer capacitor as the power supply. As a result of experimental class which utilized the production subject matter, robot could be completed in regulated class hours and consciousness about effective use of energy was able to be raised.

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For 11 years after 2001,1 was in charge as a part-time teacher and a visiting professor in an engineering department and a graduate school of Toyama University. My charge is a lecture and text writing in the new fields in engineer education. As a new field of engineer education, there are creativity development, new product development, engineering ethics, venture business education, etc. Now, it unifies as venture business education and has included creativity development, new product development, engineering ethics, etc. into it Not only a text but video and HP of the Internet, etc. are utilizing teaching materials. Moreover, team activity of business plan creation is also taken in I am performing the lecture which is easy to understand pleasantly. I describe a study and a practice example or a problem.

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This paper reports the three-year practice of "Kawakudari (down-the-river) Internship Program" in Kyoto Institute of Technology. This cooperative education program involves five manufacturers and small and medium fabrication companies in Kyoto-Osaka area, offering a half-year course of "Cooperative Practicum for Applied Design and Manufacturing" to undergraduate students. The outline of the program and the measurement of its educational effects are presented.

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The authors could have the opportunity for the technical classes for children. The classes were carried out under the theme of "From Thermal Energy to Power of the Car" Participants were 35 boys and girls that belong to the invention club in Gamagori City. The questionnaires on thermal energy, internal combustion engine and power of the car etc were sent out on the first day and the similar questionnaires were answered on the last day. The results about questionnaires showed the encouraging effects of classes in spite of the rather difficult theme. The authors suppose that many children are interested in this theme because of the related things to the cars. The authors have learned some matters from these classes. First of all we should adopt the theme which is able to attract the concerns of children. The experiments should be certainly taken in the program and for the experiments we should prepare the matters which could be easily available. Fundamentals and principles on various scientific phenomena should be easily explained,too. It seems to be important for us to expand our actions into the community.

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Awareness survey on nuclear energy has been conducted for the participants of DWS in Education and the results have been discussed. Also, attitude survey on nuclear energy before and after the accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011 has been carried out. As a result, DWS with visiting lecturers was effective to expand knowledge of 95% of the students in Education Department, but showed 30% lower rate to enhance consciousness. Students who felt the necessity of radiation was 90% before and 96% after the accident.

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Tacit knowledge tradition, which has been done effectively in the Japanese local industry, has been threatened. Since it is the subjective knowledge which can be expressed in neither a character nor language, the inheritance requires a significant amount of time. In order to solve these problems, two visualization techniqes, the thinking patterns analysis and the visual informathion sharing, for tacit knowledge are proposed. The thinking patterns analysis will be introduced to understand how the receipt of information of a disciple. It is based on the Herman's theory. The visual information sharing will be done to determine whether he receive the necessary information.

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Soma High School has educated students through basic research experience in the field of science and technology in class as a Super Science High School (SSH), Science Partnership Project(SPP) and Kagakubu Promotion Program. The Brunei's atmospheric railway (BAR) is one of the research themes of Soma H.S. Although the driving mechanism of BAR is a simple principle, the making its model cotributes to educate the students who take a keen interest in and think about science and technology. The students tried to study about three driving power systems (i, e., vacuum system, compression system, compression and tube system) in BAR while they acquired abilities of finding and fixing the problem through a trial and error process. Because they learned communication and presentation with participation in science competitions moreover, they acquired academic abilities and knowledge to enter the university through the activities.

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The methodology of technology to recognize what is problem to be solved, and to minimize mistakes and the harms, should say "Technical Epistemology", I think. And its education can help not only engineering ethics education and Engineering Design education, but also engineering professional training which needs autonomous attitude to create new application methods in practice. In this paper, I'll report what "Technical Epistemology" is, and one example of my educational practice in a college professional engeneer cource.

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The Y-shaped lumbers of chestnut trees from the Jomon period about 4000 years ago were excavated at the Sakuramachi site in Oyabe City, Toyama, Japan in 1997. The usage of Y-shaped lumbers at this site has not yet been clarified. A field survey of the Y-shaped lumbers of the Sakuramachi site was performed and structural characteristics of the Y-shaped lumbers were investigated by the author Ozawa et al. According to structural characteristics, the hypothesis that they could have been used as sledges has been proposed. Giant chestnut trees were excavated at both the Sakuramachi site in Oyabe City, Toyama and the Sannai-Maruyama site in Aomori City, Aomori, Japan. It is thought that the people from the Jomon period about 4000 years ago used the Y-shaped lumbers to transport heavy items such as giant trees. In this paper, the relationship between the Y-shaped lumbers and giant trees excavated at both the Sakuramachi and Sannai-Maruyama sites are discussed.

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Up to now, the author has reported on the result of the investigation by the field survey and documents for the standards of "Ruler" about Chinese, ancient Mesopotamia, India, ancient Greece, and Roman Empire. In addition, human body scales carved on limestone-made slab discovered in the Salamis in Greece which was assumed to be made in about the fifth century B.C. reported in recent report. In this report, the result of the investigation about another historical evidence of human body scale is described. Moreover, it compared with the investigation result of the recent report. As a result, a few differences were admitted in cubit and were almost equivalent with foot and finger though the reliefs were made contemporary.

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This report is on the Takahara watermill preserved in Takamatsu city. The start of this watermill site is handed down since the late Edo period. We give an outline of construction of conserved traditional waterwheel and mill machinery.

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The former production factory operated plural machines in one power source. This study investigates a factory this driving method in Tokai area and considers a characteristic We report about a Mukasa Green tea-Factory in Makinohara-city, Sizuoka.

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About 12 years before the Wright Brothers' success, Chuhachi Ninomiya successfully invented a model propeller aircraft by himself. Without any financial support, he was not able to fully develop his invention for human use. However, it is thought that if he was given the proper resources, he could have developed a similar design to the current aircraft. There are historical records which suggest that other inventors, such as Chuhachi Ninomiya and Alphonse Penaud, were already designing and building model aircrafts before the Wright Brothers' research began. In this research, the reasons why those other inventors did not succeed in inventing an aircraft for human use will be investigated and also the conditions necessary for them to succeed will be examined.

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The Museum of Industrial Technology of the Nippon Institute of Technology exhibits at least 300 machine tools and a number of drawings made in the early Showa era that were used to manufacture machine tools. The machine tools were designed using the latest technology available at that time and manufactured with advanced machining technology. However, most of the ingenious machine structures and elements are located inside the machine tools, which are difficult to directly observe in detail. In this study, we select the machines appropriate for the observation of their development process from a list of drawings used to manufacture the machine tools stored at the museum and investigate the development process of such tools from structures visualized by our previously reported 3D〜model creation method using 3D computer-aided design (3D-CAD) software.

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In the present paper, the author has dealt with the Japanese word of "Kagaku-Gijutsu", i e., "Science and Technology" as the theme of "a discussion for understanding the history of science and technology". The "Kagaku-Gijutsu" is the essential element we built up to live our modern society. The word of "Kagaku-Gijutsu" denotes the combined meaning of both science and technology, and has been used in Japan from 1940s The history of "Kagaku-Gijutsu" is described from its development process, its effects on the society and industry, and so on. The aim of the paper is to make clear the background of the "Kagaku-Gijutsu", then to easily understand the history of "Kagaku-Gijutsu". The author, therefore, has discussed about the fundamentals of history, science and technology and "Kagaku-Gijutsu". The present paper will be an extensive gateway to the history of technology of I.K.Brunei.

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We carried out an enquiry survey toward inventors in the ICT companies, to investigate to what extent "Academic Knowledge" from basic research by universities and public research institutions contribute to ICT companies. I used patent documents to extract inventors. I used the "BizCruncher" database of the Patent Result Co., Ltd, to search for patent documents. 356 samples were extracted from the patent documents and the enquiry sheets were sent to them. The responses of 129 samples with a valid response were analyzed. Then, response rate was 36%. In comparison with the survey toward inventors in pharmaceutical and biotech companies, it was shown that the contribution of basic research to products or sales of ICT companies is less evaluated than that of pharmaceutical or biotech companies. It was also shown that the period of time from introduction of the result of basic research to commercialization m ICT is less than that in pharmaceutical and biotech. In addition, we compared this survey toward inventors with our survey toward managers in ICT. Results of our survey are consistent with common knowledge on ICT and pharmaceutical and biotech industries.

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We carried out an enquiry survey toward inventors in the ICT companies.Here we analyze whether intellectual property such as patent and know-how or agreement on R&D inhibits corporate R&D activities.The results were compared with that of the survey toward inventors in pharmaceutical and biotech companies.In both of ICT and pharma/biotech,more than half of the inventors experienced inhibition of R&D by patents,know-hows or R&D agreements.The frequency of such inhibition is larger in pharma/bioech than in ICT.In both of ICT and pharma/biotech,patents owned by other corporations have more inhibitory effects on corporate R&D than those owned by universities and public research institutions.In ICT interchange of materials is less frequent than in pharma/biotech.Therefore,materials have no inhibitory effects on corporate R&D.

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In Japan and U.S.Patent Laws,the relation of publication and the patent application of the invention was revised.Moreover,novelty(publicly known in the world) was introduced in U.S.A.,and,in Japan,the protection of the joint researcher became more appropriate by this revision.The research and development strategy and the intellectualproperty strategy should be reviewed and restructured.The introduction of the first-to-file system in U.S.A.is alongtime pending issue,and it is thought that this revision is big progress.However,it is not complete first-to-file system.In addition,there are some other pending issues between Japan and the U.S.A.It is necessary to pay attention to the trend of the Patent Law revision in Japan and the United States in the future.

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"The intellectual property" is invisible property,and it is the field included in the concept called "the information".In late years while advancement of the information technology and the expansion of the information network are promoted,"information" comes to take an important role for society,and the importance of "the intellectual property"rises at the same time.When such situation is considered,it is effective approach to examine from a viewpoint of the technique and the intellectual property information such as the know-how,and,it is thought that "trade secret management" and "the know-how management" are important for the development of the future mechanical engineering.By this report,a basic way of thinking of "trade secret management" and "the know-how management" is arranged among intellectual property management,and a future problem is considered by this report from the viewpoint of medium and small-sized business and university.

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We are surrounded by the various environmental sound and machine sound in daily life,and develop a feeling of several emotions against the each sound.Then it researches by thinking that the comfort is appreciable by the evaluation of emotions that arise by the sound,and using the electroencephalogram as a quantitative evaluation method.Up to now,the comfort has often treated the alpha wave in a lot of researches.Then,it is a purpose of the present study that in the brain wave of other frequency bands to examine how to become it,and to calculate the slope of the fluctuation spectrum from the frequency fluctuation of the electroencephalogram,and to evaluate the comfort based on them.The comfort is evaluated more clearly by proposing the index 'Comfort level' as not only a relative evaluation but also an absolute evaluation when evaluating it.Moreover it is thought that it is possible to work in a comfortableenvironment or it is possible to use it for the product making that doesn't put out dissonance if whether it is felt that it is comfortable or uncomfortable when what sound is heard is understand.

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It is overflowing with sound our every day.People feel pleasure or displeasure with the sound but tone evaluationis not yet established.In this study,it investigates about the tone of a trumpet and explores a good or a pleasure sound of a trumpet.And it investigates that the tone of a trumpet is made by which portion of a trumpet form and which form makes a better tone.Since it is said that a frequency characteristic determines a tone,the relation between form and a frequency characteristic and the relation between a frequency characteristic and a tone are investigated.The relation between form and a frequency characteristic is obtained by obtaining a transfer function and taking sounds.The relation between a frequency characteristic and a tone is obtained by evaluating a tone using the SD method.Research is advanced now paying attention to the sound which is the sound easy to play.And it turned out that the sound easy to play may be able to be guessed from the frequency response function determined with form.

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The relation between the subjective evaluation of "iyashi" and the characteristic parameters of the stimulus portraits is analyzed using the approach of quality engineering.20 portraits taken from classical paintings are presented to 113 subjects,and each subject is requested to answer the degree of "iyashi" felt from each portrait by three-grade evaluation.17 facial expression parameters are extracted from each portrait.The model to estimate "iyashi" degree from the expression parameters is created for each subject using the two-sided Taguchi method of quality engineering.The unit space is considered as the weighted average of the 20 portraits,and the weight vector which maximizes the SN ratio of the comprehensive estimation is obtained for each subject.As a result,it is found that among the portraits which have the maximum unit space weight(basis portrait),there exist the pictures on which many subjects concentrate.Similarly,it is found that among the expression parameters which have large SN ratio in the model equation(major expression parameter),there exist the parameters on which many subjects concentrate.As the result of applying the quantification method I to estimate the basis portrait number from the 3 major expression parameters,the multiplecorrelation coefficient is 0.83 and it is shown that a certain relation exists between the basis portrait and the major expression parameters.

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Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Accident cauzed unrecoverable radiological contamination widely in the Fukushima region.Our knowledge must be fully used for the revitalization and new formation of the contaminated villages and towns.In this context,we have focused on the following three knowledges: iyashi engineering,reconciliation science,and developmental psychology.Based on the current results by several interchange opportunities we have key points to cultivale further interchange framework.Our object is to have basis for the opportunity where the professional knowledges can help the revaitalization and novel creation of the contaminated regional areas on the standpoint of regional people.

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