The purpose of this study was to ascertain the nature of the responsibility of school administrator of physical education for the physical education and sports accidents in school, from the viewpoit of legal management, forcusing the baseball accidents cases. Our conclusion is the school management of physical education and sports must be based on the following results. 1. Most of lawsuits arising from baseball accidents in school are the ones related to accidents in public junior high school or high school. 2. Most lawsuits are brought against the school administrator of physical education and sports, school staff, managerial staff, school' own legal advisers and national and local public bodies, and are actions for damages. 3. In private school, the defendants are not only schools' own advisers, but also school staff and managerial staff. In public school, the defendants are national or local public bodies, and not necessarily school staff and managerial staff. Thus differences may be seen to exist in the legal approach between private schools and public schools. 4. The defendants could be accused of tort liability, but also default liability. For this reason, the period of extinctive proscription may be increased from three to ten years.

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The one's sports activities was enriched by the mates. But, much labor is needs to establish a group. The labor corresponds with the number of mates or the communication in a group; as following, it call the group structure for short. If the scale of group structure is more large, the labor should be necessary much more. However, the effect to the one's sport life is caused even if the group scale is small. Accordingly, the first principle of the group establishment should be considered on the relations between the mates' effect and the labor. In this study, the author examined the relation between the one's sport activities and the group structure for presentation of this concrete principle. Further, the subject of this investigation is the masters track and field players. The questionnaires for them were used to investigate. As the result, it was obvious that the diversity of the training subjects, and the member's knowledge possession were promoted by the mates. The other side, the diversity and the possession didn't change even if the group structure was large or small. Therefore, it was considered the group structure didn't influence the diversity and the possession. The are the results which can support the previously stated contention as the first principle for the group establishment. Thereupon, I would like to examine the detail of the relation between the one's sport activities and the group structure in near future.

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In the Tokyo Olympic Games (1964), Japan won 16 gold medals, which put Japan in third place and 29 medals in number (4th). At that time, Korea won 3 medals in all but no gold medals. In the Montreal Olympics (1976), Japan got 9 gold medals (5th) and a total of 25 medals (6th). At the time, Korea acquired one gold medal in wrestling. That was the first time for this country. Total medals were six. However, 12 years later in the Seoul Games (1988), this situation (ranking) between these countries had been overturned. Namely, Korea achieved 12 gold Medals (4th) and 33 medals in all (6th). On the other hand, Japan won 4 gold medals and 14 medals altogether. Since the Seoul Games, Japan has not been able to win against Korea in every Olympic Game (Barcelona, Atlanta and Sydney). The purpose of this study is why this kind of situation happened and I would like to elucidate these reasons. So I collected the data concerning the Games and analyzed them. In addition, I was sure that this came from the sporting strategies of the national policies. So I also investigated the law with regard to the sport in those countries. The reasons why Korean "International Sports Competitiveness" became stronger than the Japanese are as follows^ 1. Both countries have national sport promotion Acts, but the Korean Act is aimed largely to enhance the prestige of the nation through sport, while the Japanese one searches mainly for ways to advance the physical well-being of the people. 2. In Korea, athletes and their coaches are treated better than their counterparts in Japan through the Act. They are protected and supported by law. 3. Certain Korean companies must have competitive sport clubs in them, that is by law. In comparison, on the grounds of economic depression, many leading companies in Japan have been abolishing their own competitive sport clubs. 4. Korea has the national training center in the suburbs of Seoul, founded in 1966, while Japan does not have one yet. 5. Korean sport teams get enough money from the government for their training camps every year, while every Japanese team has a shortage of econonic benefits. 6. Excellent athletes (medal winners in world-level meets) and their coaches in Korea can receive pensions from the foundation supported by the nation. 7. They have the Presidential Decree in Korea, which has much power for developing competitive strength in sport.

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