Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics

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[in Japanese]

2013 Volume 123 Pages 1
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 12, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_1

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Function of soil organic matter and eff ective application of organic matter in arable land

Masayuki TANI

2013 Volume 123 Pages 5-10
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 12, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_5

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The organic matter management under the environmental friendly agriculture in Hokkaido

Harunobu TAKEUCHI

2013 Volume 123 Pages 11-17
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 12, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_11

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Land improvement using organic fertilizer in upland fi elds

Hiroshi AKASAKA

2013 Volume 123 Pages 19-24
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 12, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_19

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Soil carbon storage and its dynamics in Wet Andosols in the Tokachi district of Hokkaido

Nagaaki SEKIYA

2013 Volume 123 Pages 25-30
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 13, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_25

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Current situation and future outlook for the use of organic matters in Tokachi region

Tomoya OKAZAKI

2013 Volume 123 Pages 31-35
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 13, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_31

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Discussion at the 54th symposium on soil organic matter dynamics and soil fertility improvement in upland field

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2013 Volume 123 Pages 37-41
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 13, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_37

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

2013 Volume 123 Pages 51-53
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 13, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_51

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Remediation of cadmium-contaminated arable soils by washing with iron （III） chloride: Eff ects of on-site washing on soil properties and the growth of okra （Abelmoschus esculentus）

Ikuko AKAHANE, Tomoyuki MAKINO, Hedetaka KATOU, Ken NAKAMURA, Naoki SE ...

2013 Volume 123 Pages 55-63
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 13, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_55

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Chemical washing with iron （III） chloride is a recently developed method for extracting cadmi-um （Cd） for the remediation of Cd-contaminated ara-ble soils. On-site washing using iron （III） chloride was conducted in a paddy field having a high Cd content of 0.56 mg kg‒1, a clay content of 0.15 kg kg‒1 and a cat-ion exchange capacity of 13 cmolc kg‒1, and its effects on the physical and chemical properties of the soil as well as on the growth of okra （Abelmoschus esculentus）were investigated. The chemical washing, which involved intensive pud-dling, exerted adverse effects on the uniaxial compres-sive strength of soil before tillage and the clod size dis-tribution of the tilled soil in the first year. Emergence and subsequent growth of okra were also adversely af-fected. However, these effects were not persistent; in the second and the third years, there was little diff er-ence in the clod size distribution or the growth of okra between the washed and unwashed plots. In contrast, the Cd contents of okra grown in the washed plot were consistently lower, and 0.3‒0.5 times as large as those in the unwashed plot, demonstrating the persist-ing effects of the chemical washing on Cd uptake by the plant. The chemical washing, at the same time, caused considerable losses of magnesium and potassi-um from the soil. The cation imbalance could, however, be easily rectified with inorganic and organic amend-ments. These results demonstrates that the chemical washing using iron （III） chloride is an effective tech-nique for remedying Cd-contaminated soils and reduc-ing Cd uptake by okra.

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Relationship between two‒region model and percolation theory for mechanisms of air flow in soils

Kotaro FUKADA, Kimihito NAKAMURA

2013 Volume 123 Pages 65-71
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 13, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_65

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Applying percolation theory to air flow in soil is suggested. A two‒region model indicated the applicability of the theory but the model‒theory rela-tionship is not clear. We have therefore tried to settle this issue so as to explain air flows in soils from the standpoint of air phase continuity. For experimental input, Tottori Dune sand was used to obtain a suitable measure of air content and air conductivity. Dividing the air content into two regions based on the bound-ary where the continuous air content equals the total air content, we invoked a power law to develop a rela-tionship between continuous air content and air con-ductivity. We found that each region developed different values for the power index, indicating different air flow mechanisms. Near the critical point, the power index was 2.12 ± 0.40, which agrees with percolation theory. However, the power index also featured a com-ponent of 1.72 ± 0.15, more related to air connectivity.

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Effects of NAPL entrapped porous material diameters on Partitioning Interwell Tracer Test（PITT)

Junko NISHIWAKI, Tsuyoshi MIYAZAKI, Masaru MIZOGUCHI

2013 Volume 123 Pages 73-79
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 19, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_73

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Partitioning Interwell Tracer Test （PITT） is a useful tool for quantifying the volume of Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids （NAPL） present in aquifer. The volume is estimated by the retardation factor of a partitioning tracer relative to the transport of the non-partitioning tracer that was determined from the trac-er breakthrough curves （BTCs） However, the equi-librium partitioning would not be completed during every PITT in the actual fi eld, where high saturation NAPL areas such as free‒phase pools and macro‒scale entrapment zones are existed. In this study, we made five laboratory experiments focused on the diameters of NAPL entrapped porous material. Experiments re-vealed that, the accuracy of estimated NAPL volume by PITT was not aff ected by the diameter. In contrast, the tailings of the BTCs were affected by the diameter. Tracer diffusion distance would be longer in the NAPL entrapped porous material that has a large diameter, and therefore, the tailing of the BTCs might become more prominent.

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Thermal conductivity of soils amended by sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar

Koji KAMEYAMA, Teruhito MIYAMOTO, Takahiro SHIONO

2013 Volume 123 Pages 81-88
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 19, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_81

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Incorporation of biochar, i.e. charcoal pro-duced by the pyrolysis of biomass, into agricultural soils affects the physical properties of the soils, and thus may alter moisture and heat conditions in agricul-tural soils. However, the effects of biochar incorpora-tion on the thermal properties of soils have yet to be investigated. Therefore, we investigated the influence of biochar incorporation on the thermal conductivity of Shimajiri Maji soil and Toyoura sand. Sugarcane ba-gasse, i.e. the residue obtained by pressing sugarcane stalks to extract juice, was air-dried and heated in a batch-type carbonization furnace at three different py-rolysis temperatures （400, 600 and 800 ℃） with a hold-ing time of 2 h. Incorporation of the biochar decreased the thermal conductivity at a given volumetric water content of each soil. It decreased the estimated ther-mal conductivity of the solid phase and the volumetric solid content of soils, and increased the porosity of soils. Calculation results using the de Vries model sug-gested that the thermal conductivity of the Shimajiri Maji soil is affected by decreasing volumetric solid con-tent and increasing porosity regardless of soil water content, and by decreasing thermal conductivity of the solid phase only at higher soil water content. In addi-tion, the calculation results suggested that the thermal conductivity of the Toyoura sand was mostly influ-enced by decreases in the volumetric solid content and increases in porosity, and to a small extent by decreas-es in the thermal conductivity of the solid phase. These results showed that the thermal conductivity of agricultural soils is affected by rates of changes in the thermal conductivity of solid phase, the volumetric sol-id content and the porosity, when the biochar is incor-porated into the soils.

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Estimating annual plant carbon inputs to the soil and modelling future changes in soil carbon stocks in croplands

Nobuhisa KOGA

2013 Volume 123 Pages 89-92
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 19, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_89

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Regional modelling of carbon dynamics in Japanese forest soils

Shoji HASHIMOTO

2013 Volume 123 Pages 93-99
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 19, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_93

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Feature series： Regional scale evaluation of soil gas exchange at forest and agricultural ecosystems based on field monitoring results

Nobuko KATAYANAGI

2013 Volume 123 Pages 101-108
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 19, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_101

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Broad-scale evaluation of soil gas exchange with process-based models: current status and problems

昭彦伊藤

2013 Volume 123 Pages 109-116
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 19, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_109

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Estimation of carbon and nitrogen content in surface horizon using “Soil Information Web Viewer”

Yusuke TAKATA, Ai LEON, Makoto NAKAI, Hiroshi OBARA, Kazunori KOHYAMA

2013 Volume 123 Pages 117-124
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 20, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_117

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The digital cultivated soil map and the Ba-sic Soil - Environmental Monitoring database are one of the most important soil information in Japanese ag-ricultural land. These soil information can be browsed on “Soil Information Web Viewer” which is provided by National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences. In this study, we estimated carbon and nitrogen con-tent of soil surface （0 － 14cm） in Japanese agricultur-al land using these soil inventories, and we also evalu-ated spatio-temporal variation of soil carbon and nitrogen content during 1979‒1998. Organic soil groups and Andosol groups showed high carbon and nitrogen content （Mg ha‒1） in surface horizon. And, the tempo-ral variation of soil carbon content was maintained constant in paddy fields, and it increased in orchard and grass land. On the contrary, soil carbon content in upland fields was decreased. And, soil nitrogen content in all land use type was gradually increased, and soil carbon and nitrogen ratio was tended to decrease in all land use type. Total soil carbon and nitrogen stock of surface horizon in Japanese agricultural land had peaked at 235 Tg C and 19.0 Tg N during 1984‒1988, and these had decreased to 218 Tg C and 18.4 Tg N during 1994‒1998. The spatio-temporal variation of soil carbon and nitrogen stock did not coincide with the fl uctuation of agricultural land area.

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Uncertainty and possibility of Regional assessment

Sonoko Dorothea KIMURA

2013 Volume 123 Pages 125-128
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 20, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_125

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2013 Volume 123 Pages 129
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 20, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_129

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[title in Japanese]

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2013 Volume 123 Pages 132
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: August 20, 2021

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.34467/jssoilphysics.123.0_132

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