Purpose: The aim of this study was to gather basic information to effectively provide smoking guidance to pregnant women who smoke by investigating the smoking status and awareness of pregnant women and families living together.

Method: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with 636 pregnant women with average age of 30.7 years who visited our hospital between 2013 and 2015, which included questions on smoking status and awareness. Results: Pregnant women's smoking rate was 5.0%, and the smoking prevalence of those in their 10s was particularly high (45.5%). The proportion of pregnant women who were exposed to second-hand smoking was 46.2%. Most stages for quitting smoking in pregnant women were the preparation stages. The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) score in the group of women with smoking husbands was significantly higher than in those with non-smoking husbands (p < 0.01). Following an antitobacco lecture, the KTSND scores significantly decreased (ex-smokers and non-smokers: p < 0.05, smokers: p < 0.01).

Discussion: Based on the KTSND score, it is inferred that the smoking behavior of pregnant women’s husbands influence pregnant women's intentions and behaviors to tolerate smoking. The decreases in KTSND score after the lecture suggests that such awareness-based education is useful for pregnant women.

Conclusion: When conducting smoking cessation guidance programs for pregnant women, it is necessary to include families.

We aimed to evaluate how much a lecture on nicotine addiction could change awareness of smoking in young generations by introducing the Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND). KTSND quantifies the severity of social nicotine dependence. We gathered the scores of the KTSND and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in an anonymous self-administered questionnaires format from Waseda University students who participated in “Mental and Physical Health” program as well as students in a nursing school in the Kanto region. At Waseda University (212 students, 58.0% male), the KTSND scores at the beginning and the end of the lecture decreased from 17.1 ± 4.2 (mean ± standard deviation) to 11.4 ± 5.1 in current smokers (14 students), from 17.6 ± 4.6 to 12.0 ± 4.1 in past smokers (13 students), and from 12.7 ± 5.1 to 8.0 ± 4.6 in non-smokers (185 students), respectively. At the nursing school (33 students; 2 males, one current smoker, one past smoker), the KTSND at the beginning of lecture was 11.1 ± 4.9 and decreased to 6.6 ± 4.0 at the end (all above data: p < 0.0001). The mean score of the FTND was 1.1 points, demonstrating that most of the current smokers in this study did not have any physical nicotine addiction. These results indicate that the lecture on nicotine addiction might obviate the risk of social nicotine dependence on smoking in young generations.