One of the pair of two mice, which had been brought in parabiosis, was immunized against the Japanese B encephalitis with the repeated intracerebral inoculation of the inactivated virus. The titer of the serum neutralizing antibody rises significantly by this procedure not only in this immunized donor mouse but also concomitantly in the parabiont by means of the blood circulation which had been made common to the both of the parabiosis. In this case the titer of the neutralizing antibody contained in the brain tissue, from which the circulating blood had beforehand been thoroughly washed away by the perfusion of the brain vessels with saline solution, also turn out higher in the brain tissue of the donor mouse parallel with that of the serum antibody, but not in that of the parabiont. In the single mice, which had beforehand been immunized with the similar procedures, the antibody can be proved in significantly high titer in both the serum and the perfused brain tissue. After the parabiosis of these mice with the normal, the serum antibody titer rises also in the latter up to at least the same level with the former by means of the blood circulation common to the both, but that of the brain tissue remains almost unchanged. Even when the parabiont mice received repeated intracerebral inoculations of the normal mouse brain (N. M. B.), concomitantly with the inoculations of the inactivated virus to the donor mice, the antibody appears only in the brain tissues of the donors and not in that of the parabionts, although the titer of the antibody rises to almost the same level in the both.
Standing upon the data described above, it might be possible to conclude that by the intracerebral inoculation of the inactivated Japanese B encephalitis virus, the intracerebral concentration of the neutralizing antibody against it takes place in loco, and still more, that the simple mechanical injuries of the brain such as the repeated intracerebral inoculation of the N. M. B. does not cause the permeation into and the adhesion to the cerebral tissues of the serum antibody, which might be ascribable to the rise of permeability of the so-called blood-brain-barrier caused by the injuries. Namely it might be possible to conclude that in the intracerebral concentration of the neutralizing antibody the direct intracerebral inoculation of the antigen plays a most important role as one of the substantial cause of it.

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The purification of influenza virus by the various absorbents and precipitants was reported in the previous paper, and it was ascertained that influenza virus could be partially purified in some degree dy ZnCl₂, KAl (SO₄)₂, protaminsulfate and isoelectric precipitation.
Furthermore, it was recognized that influenza virus partially purified in some degree by application of various absorbents and precipitants could not be sufficiently precipitated under the conditions suitable to precipitate that of crud infected allantoic fluid, but sufficiently precipitated by changing the conditions.
In the experiments shown here, however, it was confirmed that influenza virus partially purified from the infected allantoic fluid, diluted to 10% in buffer solution, was almost all precipitated when treated by methanol in the concentration of 30 per cent for 10 hours or by that in the concentration of 33 per cent for 5 hours. In both cases, pH was 7.2.
The harvest of influenza virus from the sediment was not so good when eluted by low concentration of phosphate buffer, but it was confirmed that virus was completely harvested when eluted by 0.2M-0.3M phosphate buffer.
Thus, pretty good results were obtained in the purification experiments by application of methanol precipitation method to the partially purified virus obta ned by precipitation with ZnCl₂, KAl (SO₄)₂, protaminsulfate, and isoelectric method.

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The auther described recently on the lysogenic Escherichia coli A34 that has perpetuated the capacity producing two phages, serologically unrelated (designated β and γ, respectively), in a same cell.
In this paper, was given some basic data of induction of A34 by ultra violet treatment and some conditions concerning the occurence of induction.
The bacterial suspension was treated with different doses of ultra violet light, and the induction and inactivation curve of A34 (β) complex was plotted in Fig. 1. It may be interpreted that the induction depends on the dose of ultra violet light but not on the intensity. Maximal induction rate would only reach to about 50 to 70 per cent of treated cells. These comparatively low maximal iuduction rates suggest the counteraction between the curves of induction and inactivation, caused by different mechanisms.
Furthermore, the fact that the curve of induction and inactivation of A34 (γ) complex (Fig. 2) is different in shape from that of A34 (β) complex, showed that both induction sensitivity and inactivation are specific for those two kinds of phages.
The phage liberation pari passu in broth was demonstrated. Under these conditions, the latent period was estimated about 80 minutes and burst sizes about 700 for β and 250 for γ (Fig. 4). Corresponding to the end of latest period, significant fall in bacterial turbidity was observed (Fig. 5). Thus it may be fairly asserted that in lysogenic bacterial culture, phages are liberated in the same manner as that of virulent phage-bacteria system.
In addition, the auther determined whether both kinds of phages are simultaneously induced or not in a same cell; experiments of single cell distribution and those utilizing the mixed indicator have been done several times, which led to the conclusion that both phages could be independently induced in the same cell. From the above results, it may well be concluded that phage production is due to local effects on prophage, rather than the cellular modification of bacteria caused by ultra violet light.
In conclusion, contrary to Bertani's opinion, at least the production of each phage after the ultra violet treatment was not mutually exclusive.

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In the previous paper some lysogenic strains were uncovered among a number of Escherichia coli strains tested.
One of them was called A34 from which two kinds of phages were produced into the culture media following to the multiplication of bacteria. One phage called β was able to infect a strain of Shigella flexineri type 2, 2a, the other phage γ infect a strain of Shigella flexineri type 5.
After treating the broth culture at 58°C for 30 minutes, it was estimated to produce β phage to a titre of 10⁶ per cc, whereas the titre of γ phage was only to about 10² per cc. It was shown by the neutralisation tests that these phages are serologically unrelated to each other.
In order to obtain the progeny of single cell, the technique of micromanipulation was used. According to these results, it was concluded that the capacity of producing both kinds of phages was transmitted from cell to cell indefinitely.

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I have found that the Ehrlich ascites tumor cells as well as the Yoshida sarcoma cells can be an adequate host for the propagation or ectromelia virus. These two new host-virus systems have rendered it possible to pursue the morphological changes induced in the tumor cells infected with the virus. As a result we have known that this virus makes it a rule to produce two kinds of inclusions during its life cycle. The one which appears earlier and stains red with Giemsa solution has been named B body, and the other which appears later, stains lilac and contains acidophilic particles in itself has been named A body. The so-called Marchal body has been found nothing but A body. The natures or these two bodies have been compared.

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The culture of poliomyelitis virus in the developing chick embryo has been hitherto considered to be a difficult matter. However, in 1952, Cox and others displayed its culturability by inoculating the yolk sack and the chorio-allantoic cavity of the developing chick embryo with the MEFI strain of this virus, with subsequent transmission of the cultured virus to M. rhesus monkeys. Their work proved the possibility of the cultivation of poliomyelitis virus not only by tissue culture but also in the developing chick embryo.
We have already observed that the growth of some virus in the chick embryo can be indirectly demonstrated by following the growth of another challenge virus subsequently inoculated. Here, we have made inoculations of the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus in the chorio-allantoic cavity and the yolk sack of the 6 day old chick embryo, and a challenge inoculation with the mumps virus (Enders strain and Fujimura strain) was made in the chorio-allantoic cavity or in the amnion cavity and have succeeded in determining the growth aspect of the polio virus by observing the degree of growth of the mumps virus. This observation is based on the so-called interference of the growth of the two different viruses, and we have made investigations on the various factors which come to play upon the incidence of this phenomena.

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