Fossils
Online ISSN : 2424-2632
Print ISSN : 0022-9202
ISSN-L : 0022-9202
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Volume 93
Displaying 1-44 of 44 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2013 Volume 93 Pages Cover1-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_Cover1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App1-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App2-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App3-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App4-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App4
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App5-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App5
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  • Damages of museums suffered from the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami in Miyagi Prefecture
    Jun Nemoto, Osamu Sasaki, Masayuki Ehiro, Harumasa Kano
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 1-4
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    2013 Volume 93 Pages Toc1-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_Toc1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App6-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App6
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  • Distributions of modern diatom assemblages from surface deposits in Kesennuma Bay and surroundings, northeast Japan
    Ryozo Shiomi, Satoshi Ishikawa, Tsuyoshi Haraguchi, Tomoyuki Takahashi ...
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 7-23
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_7
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    The surface deposits at 27 sites in Kesennuma Bay, North Japan, and at 6 sites in the surrounding rivers were taken on July and September in 2010, and February in 2011. The distributions of diatom assemblages from those sediments presumed the ecological environment and sedimentary processes at the study area. There was a distinct difference in the distributions of marine plankton species, such as Thalassiosira spp. and marine benthic-epiphytic species, such as Cocconeis scutellum. The marine plankton species Thalassiosira spp. dominated at eastern mouth of the bay, while the marine benthic-epiphytic species such as Cocconeis scutellum dominated at western mouth of the bay where shallow tidal flat with abundant sea algae spread widely. The freshwater diatom valves flew into the bay by river flooding and mainly deposited at the river mouths. The distribution of diatom assemblages from the surface sediments was very important data to presume the erosion, transportation and sedimentary processes by the huge tsunami on March 11, 2011.
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  • Pedal anatomy and function of ostrich for dinosaurian pedal reconstruction
    Yukihide Matsumoto
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 25-35
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_25
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  • Tertiary hammer : history and prospect
    Taqumi Tuzino, Yukio Yanagisawa, Shuichi Tokuhashi
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 37-49
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_37
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 51-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_51
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  • Museum "rescue" activities
    Makoto Manabe
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 53-57
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_53
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    On 1 April 2011, the Agency for Cultural Affairs started a project to save cultural properties damaged during the 11 March 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and associated tsunami. Since the title of the project was "A Rescue Project to Save Cultural and Other Properties," it gave the impression that natural history specimens were not covered by the project. The scientific community, including natural history museums throughout Japan, offered their help to decimated museums in Tohoku within a few weeks after the disaster. Due to the sheer scale of the disaster, Japanese bureaucratic systems were slow to respond to requests for help from damaged or destroyed museums. Accordingly, in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake and tsunami, museum specimens were rescued thanks to voluntary activities of "The Network of Museum Curators of Iwate Prefecture" and "The Network of Natural History Museums in Western Japan". These networks of volunteers functioned surprisingly well in response to pleas for help from local museum curators like Masaru Kumagai. Kumagai believed that it was critical to save museum specimens since these collections support the identity of local communities.
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  • A "rescue" project for the tsunami-damaged geological specimens in the collection of the Rikuzentakata City Museum and issues related to rebuilding museums in Iwate Prefecture, Japan
    Masayuki Oishi, Mitsuru Yoshida, Masayuki Ehiro, Makoto Manabe
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 59-74
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_59
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    This paper is a report on a "rescue" project for the tsunami-damaged geological collection of the Rikuzentakata City Museum (RCM), Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan. It also addresses issues surrounding natural history collections, networks of curators and institutions, and discusses the significance of "rescue" for materials in the field of earth sciences. The RCM has a history of more than 50 years, and houses more than 150,000 materials in the field of acheology, history, folklore, entomology, zoology, botany, and geology. The Tsunami on 11 March 2011 hit the RCM and other museums along the coasts of Iwate Prefecture. The "rescue" activity began in early April for cultural properties and natural history specimens such as shells, insects, and plants. The geological specimens, which have les concern abut deterioration, were brought from the RCM ot a recently closed elementary school in the geographically higher area of Rikuzentakata City in early May. In August and October, 33 geologists and paleontologists from 24 institutions engaged in recovering the geological specimens there. The activities are currently ongoing. In the "rescue" activity two issues came to our attention. First, natural history collections have no logal protetion unlike cultural properties in Japan. Security of important natural history specimens has to be established. Importance of collections in natural history museums has to be further known to the public in Japan to do so. Second, good network of curators is necessary in launching a proper "rescue" activity. In addition to the personal network of curators, a system of cooperation among institutions should be there to help participating individuals. The geological specimens in the museums help us to learn not only local geological history but also the history and evolution of Earth system. In light of the earthquake and tsunamis on 11 March 2011, the importance of these specimens has to be further known to the public, so that the communities throughout Japan are better prepared for future natural disasters.
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  • Report on activities to rescue natural-history specimens in Miyagi Prefecture for restoration of museum activities in the damaged area
    Osamu Sasaki, Masayuki Ehiro, Jun Nemoto, Harumasa Kano, Naoshi Mochid ...
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 75-82
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_75
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    The 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku and the subsequent tsunami severely damaged many cultural facilities along the eastern coast of Japan. The Committee for Salvaging Cultural Properties was established in Tokyo through an appeal to the Agency for Cultural Affairs, and the local headquarters of the Committee in Miyagi was established in the Sendai City Museum beginning April 19. The staffs of local museums and the Cultural Properties Protection Section of Miyagi Prefecture joinded operations to salvage cultural properties in Miyagi. Tohoku University Museum joined this enterprise to salvage natural-history collections from 6 facilities. Many museum collections were lost in this disaster, but most of the collections exhibited in the Utatsu Ichthyosaur Museum were successfully rescued. After emergency salvage operations decreased, the Miyagi Liason Conference for preserving damaged cultural properties was established to assume salvage operations from the local headquarters, which was closed by the end of July. In anticipation of the next disaster, manuals for salvaging cultural properties from damaged facilities should be prepared based on our direct experience; detailed information on the location of specimens will be required, and contact addresses for specimen managers and curators. As disaster-affected cultural properties are returned from restoration to the damaged museums, many curators will be needed to resume museum activities, including research, exhibition, and education. To secure the many curators needed in the damaged area, we must consider flexible solutions, including establishment of NPOs for reconstructing damaged museums with financial support from the disaster-affected museums recovery project.
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  • The rescue of the natural history collections in Fukushima Prefecture, Northeast Japan
    Yojiro Taketani
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 83-95
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_83
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    A great earthquake which hit the Tohoku district, Northeast Japan on March 11, 2011 caused damage to natural history collections stored in the museums located along the Pacific coast in Fukushima Prefecture as well as in other devastated areas. In addition to this damage, some of the museums were forced to close down owing to a nuclear power plant accident following the earthquake and associated tsunami. The majority of the damaged collections were successfully rescued from abandonment by the efforts of the museums in the stricken area with the help of Fukushima Museum, Fukushima University and museums even in other prefectures. Hereafter an inter-organizational cooperation through the museums network besides financial support by scientific societies should be necessary for the affected museums to house and displaythe recovered collections as they did before the disaster. Inside the hazard area surrounding the crushed nuclear plant, main material salvage was not started until August, 2012. But most of the geological specimens have not been rescued yet because of low possibility of deterioration. We should take a strong that geological collections should not be left behind in the rescue project. The rescued specimens from the hazard area now stored with incomplete air conditioning in the ruin of a school in the northern part of the Pacific coast. Permanent establishment should be necessary to conserve and utilize the rescued specimens. A lesson fromthe disaster is that a database is crucial for the protection and recovery of the collections in the face of natural hazards. Construction of the collection database is not only a top priority in disaster preparedness but also allows the sharing of information among local museums for scientific research. Support by the inhabitants is indispensable to the success of the rescue. In order to get the support it is important that local museums make efforts to let the inhabitants comprehend the significance of the natural history specimens by using various functions of the museum.
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  • A report on the specimen rescue project : restoration of the tsunami-damaged geological collection of the Rikuzentakata City Museum, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, In fiscal year 2011
    Yohoko Okumura, Takashi Matsubara, Tamaki Sato, Tomoyuki Ohashi
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 97-106
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_97
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    This report documents specimen rescue activities for the Rikuzentakata City Museum in Iwate Prefecture, Japan, after the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami. The museum was established in 1959 and had housed about 150,000 cultural and natural-science specimens. The museum was devastated by the tsunami, leaving five museum staff killed and one missing. Many specimens were lost, while the rest were submerged in muddy water and buried under debris. In May 2011, much of the tsunami-damaged material was salvaged and moved to the former Oide Elementary School, where two major stabilization treatment operations were undertaken for geological specimens (1-5 August and 4-7 October 2011). Thirty-three people (mainly specialists in geology and paleontology) from 24 institutions participated in the operations and later in supplementary work to complete treatment and cataloguing. In all, 3283 geological specimens, mostly local Carboniferous-Permian fossils, were treated in these operations. The original specimen registry and electronic data were lost in the tsunami, and further curatorial work is needed to restore the collection data. The rescue activities have been publicized at academic conferences and in museum exhibitions, attracting media attention and public support. A mutual support system among research institutions needs to be established to dispatch specialists to stricken areas. We believe that the strong leadership of the project leaders and their support staff was crucial to the operation. Up-to-date local information before arrival at the scene, well-planned on-site scheduling, with work manuals for allotted tasks and arrangements for local transportation, and background information on the academic and cultural importance of the rescued collection were particularly helpful to the participants.
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  • Lessons Learned from restoration of fossil replicas damaged by the Tsunami of The Great East Japan Earthquake
    Yukihide Matsumoto, Yasuhiro Kawahara
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 107-116
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_107
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    Seven large fossil replicas of the museum "Utatsu Gyoryukan", severely damaged by the tsunami on 11th March 2011, were restored by the authors. The replicas represent ichthyosaurian fossils embedded in slabs, approximately one to three meters long, made of plaster of Paris and fiberglass reinforced plastic, and painted with unknown substances. The replicas suffered from the loss of parts and paints, as well as numerous cracks and fragmentation which sometimes made their original condition unrecognizable. The restoration process encountered various challenges. First of all, it was difficult to determine the specific details of restoration to make a normal work order and business contract, due to lack of time, information about the original condition, or skilled technicians. Due to a shortage of funding, it was impossible to transport the replicas to a well-equipped lab, and no monetary support was available to improve local working environments. Two basic policies were essential to the success of our restoration, and they will be so in similar situations as well. One is the flexibility to modify pre-set restoration plans; despite an earlier visit to study the replicas to determine the restoration procedures, there were missed damage and unexpected challenges, and it was necessary to modify original plans accordingly. The second policy is the cooperation of nearby institutions. A number of conditions (e.g., temperature, waste management, equipment) need to be utilized to complete the restoration, and the cooperation of the two host institutions was crucial to complete the project. Japan is subject to frequent natural disasters, and we should consider a nation-wide system to support the restoration of damaged specimens and exhibits. The two basic policies, as well as the practical problems mentioned above, should be taken into account to establish and operate such a system.
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  • Rescue operation for an earthquake-damaged fossil specimen in Iwaki City Coal and Fossil Museum, Fukushima, Japan
    Yoshito Fujiyama, Satoshi Nabana, Mototaka Saneyoshi
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 117-121
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_117
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    The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake caused extensive damage to fossil collections stored at museums in the Northeast Japan. In particular, a right dentary of Mastodon americanum, which is housed in the Iwaki City Coal and Fossil Museum, was seriously injured. Here we briefly report the repair operation for this fossil specimen with discission on problems and solutions in restoring damage fossils owing to natural disasters.
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  • Significance of a set of Permian fossil specimens from Imo locality kept in the former Yahagi Elementary School, Rikuzentakata City, Iwate Prefecture : implication of Japanese paleontology in its early history
    Masayuki Oishi, Masaru Kumagai, Masayuki Ehiro, Makoto Manabe, Fumito ...
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 123-130
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_123
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    In the "rescue" activity for geological collections housed in the Rikuzentakata City Museum, which suffered from the tsunami disaster on 11 March 2011, a set of Permian fossil specimens and a school diary in 1918 were found from the former Yahagi Elementary School, Rikuzentakata City, Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan. These fossil specimens including brachiopods and bivalves from Imo locality in Rikuzentakata were associated with the labels believed to be written by Ichiro Hayasaka of the Geological Institute, Tohoku University, Sendai. The school diary records that Hayasaka visited the school on 14 September 1918 and identidied the fossils. The fossil specimens and the school diary confirmed a fact that Genzo Toba who was a naturalist in Rikuzentakata invited Ichiro Hayasaka to investigate Permian fossils at Imo locality in September 1918. This was the first step for Hayasaka to examine the Permian locality in the Southern Kitakami Massif, Northeast Japan. Many geologists and paleontologists since then visited to study Paleozoic strata and fossils in the Southern Kitakami Massif and clarified the Paleozoic geological history in Japan. The fossil specimens kept in the former Yahagi Elementary School indicate the fact that toba had a close tie with Hayasaka from the 1910s and contributed to Japanese paleontology in its early history.
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  • The importance of natural history collections
    Yasuji Saito
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 131-135
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_131
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    Natural history collections play an essential role in our understanding the formation of the solar system, the history of the Earth, the evolution of life, climate change, energy and resource problems, biodiversity, population genetics, environmental pollution, agricultural use, and so on. These collections are a priceless heritage for future generations as they contain critically important resources for the acquisition of new knowledge. The specimens in the collections have been gathered over the years and form a vast and ever-growing permanent record. Scientists can examine these collections repeatedly, applying new analytical methods and testing new scientific ideas. The collections provide information invaluable for many science fields including systematics. For example, we cannot extract DNA or pesticide residue, or measure stable isotopes, or radiometric ages, from photographs, whereas natural history specimens can provide a wealth of unexpected information. Natural history research is, however, at risk of being eliminated from natural science programs in the current Japanese education system. We need to reinstate natural history education in junior high and high schools and in colleges and universities.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 137-146
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_137
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 147-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_147_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 147-149
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_147_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 149-151
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_149
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 151-153
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_151
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 154-157
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_154
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 157-158
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_157
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 158-159
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_158
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 159-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_159
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 160-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_160
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 161-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_161_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 161-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_161_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 161-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_161_3
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 162-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_162
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages 163-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_163
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App7-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App7
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App8-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App8
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App9-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App9
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App10-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App10
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    2013 Volume 93 Pages App11-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_App11
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2013 Volume 93 Pages Cover2-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_Cover2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    2013 Volume 93 Pages Cover3-
    Published: March 31, 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: October 03, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.93.0_Cover3
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