Fossils
Online ISSN : 2424-2632
Print ISSN : 0022-9202
ISSN-L : 0022-9202
Search
Advanced search
OR
Browse
Search
Volume 99
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
Show all abstracts
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
  • Construction and application of an information infrastructure for micropaleontology
    Noritoshi Suzuki, Hiroshi Nishi
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 5
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_5
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (899K)
  • Some important points when using fossil databases
    Itsuki Suto, Masao Iwai, Fumio Akiba
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 7-14
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_7
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    So many fossil taxa have been described and identified so far, that it has become difficult to treat this growing data set. Therefore, specialists in museums and other laboratories who are working on taxonomy have compiled this taxonomic information into databases, which allow easy access to the data for each taxon. While it is easy to use these databases, some problems may occur when interpreting the search results without careful consideration. Since both paleontologists and biologists are now using the fossil databases with various study techniques, we discuss in this paper how to use these databases with due care and attention.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (8475K)
  • The statistic information on radiolarian studies based on Paleo Tax for Windows,a synonym database
    Noritoshi Suzuki
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 15-31
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_15
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    A radiolarian taxonomic database with synonymy relationship was created by PaleoTax for Windows that was developed by Hannes Löser. All the taxonomic names published by March, 2015, have been completely entered, reaching 2,780 genera and 15,040 species. In consideration of taxonomic unavailable names and junior synonyms, a total of 13,590 species are regarded as available names. These available names, however, also include the species impossible to be applied for actual specimens due to lack of illustrations and less-characteristic name-bearing type specimens. Excluded such problematic species, a total of 9,870 species are considered to be practically existing. A total of 2,780 genera were established so far, and 1,450 of 2,780 genera are practically usable. Although this database is unable to be in public due to authorships to the illustrations of the name- bearing specimens, it is useful to subjectively search variable information such as the most cited species names (e.g. Cyrtocapsella tetrapera), very rarely cited names (one or twice) (58%), the number of samples (not localities) in the selected geologic time intervals (e.g. 113 samples in Cambrian and Ordovician), the species diversity changes through the geologic time, and other scientific supports. Users to database, however, must aware of the interpretation and quality of the search results.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (18518K)
  • The role of the Zoological Collection Database at Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli as a biodiversity database
    Akira Kihara, Andrea Travaglini, Flegra Bentivegna
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 33-46
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_33
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Since 2001,about 5700 specimens stored at the Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli Museum have been archived as a Zoological Collection Database (http://szn.i.hosei.ac.jp).Each specimen in the database contains label information,an image of the container and a 3D object movie thus allowing the virtual reproduction and linked to each specimen.This makes it possible to understand historical museum activities such as collection data,assignment of accession numbers and relabeling processes.None of this information is written on labels.The first aim of our database is to provide accessible detailed information related to the biodiversity of the zoological collection.However,it also became possible to statistically analyze the nature of the collection as well as associated museum activities. This analysis showed that specimens were acquired primarily during three active periods(1910-1914,1930s,1955-1970) along with more recent collection activities.Information recovered from documents indicates that specimens curated during the initial collection activities.Information recovered from documents indicates that specimens curated during the initial collection period(1910-1914) were closely related to initial editorial activities related to be published monographs such as the Fauna and Flora of the Gulf of Naples. In addition,taxonomic concepts have changed significantly during the period of active specimen collection.By linking museum activity documents to individual specimens it is now possible to study the development of these changes, especially in the context of documented actual biological samples.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (15125K)
  • Activity of Micropaleontological Reference Center (MRC) and its future of Micropaleontological Reference Center(MRC) and its future
    Saito-Kato Megumi, Yoshihiro Tanimura, Noritoshi Suzuki, Yoshiaki Aita ...
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 47-52
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_47
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Micropaleontological Reference Centers (MRCs) provide scientists with an information concerning geologic ages and a global distribution of microfossils. The collections, with more than 20,000 samples, cover four microfossil groups of calcareous nannofossils, foraminifers, radiolarians, and diatoms that occurred from sediment cores obtained from the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), and the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). MRCs welcome more active use of MRC collections to study global distribution and its historical changes of marine microfossils as well as preparation for biostratigraphic analyses on board.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (9100K)
  • Parameter identification of mathematical models based on three dimensional information of foraminifera skeletal structure obtained by micro X-ray CT
    Naoko Kishimoto, Katsunori Kimoto
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 53-64
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_53
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    Morphological variations in microfossils like foraminifers and radiolarians might have the meaning of various functions for their evolution and adaptation in the geological history. In order to quantitatively understand such morphological variations, it is important to parameterize the morphological features in microfossils. We obtained precise morphology of a modern planktic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber (d’Orbigny) using Micro-Xray Computed Tomography (Micro-XCT) technique, and built numerical approximate models to validate the parameterization by experimental rules used the sequentially connected spheres. Our approximate spherical model clarified that several parameters including radius ratio, distances of geometric centers in each chambers are almost constant, and others such as revolving angle between adjacent chambers are gradually transformed associated with growth of G. ruber, and indicated previous numerical model could not interpret whole morphology of this species. The coupling of mathematical model and Micro-XCT technique has the great potential to realize various forms of microfossils and understand its functional morphology.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (10181K)
  • Computational micropaleontology: an application of the up-to-date three-dimensional imaging for planktonic foraminifera research
    Osamu Sasaki, Tomohiro Iwashita, Katsunori Kimoto, Harumasa Kano, Tats ...
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 63-72
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_63
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    The planktonic foraminifera are distributed across the world’s oceans, of which the shells are preserved in the ocean sediments, forming one of the most complete fossil records on earth. The record is used to date sedimentary rocks and study evolutionary processes, and is one of the most important archives of the past ocean condition. The appearing micron resolution X-ray CT (MXCT) can bring new information into the micropaleontology by the innovating data acquisition, visualization, measuring, morphometry, modeling and data shearing of foraminifera specimens. Anthropogenic CO2 changes the carbonate chemistry and the pH of the surface ocean. The ecological effects of the change are largely unknown and need to be quantified. The quantitative CT method with MXCT has become possible to measure the mineral density and visualize the density distribution in the micron-scale shell of foraminifera. The application to the living and fossil foraminifera might provide novel information about the ocean acidification ongoing in the modern ocean and occurred in the past one. The advent of molecular biological techniques has led to the discovery of previously unrecognized genetic diversity of the modern species recognized based upon the shell morphology. However, until recently the best information on shell shape was only obtained through SEM images, giving limited measuring accuracy of 3D shell shape. The reverse technology with MXCT has upgraded the morphometry of this group by shifting the data from SEM images to CT data. The famous models made by 19th Century paleontologist d’Orbigny shows clearly that it has been difficult to shear the morphological information of specimens because of its micron size. Instead of such handcrafted models, the Internet delivery of the virtual model generated from MXCT images has become possible to shear the high-precise morphological data of taxonomic type specimen. The applications here illustrate the possibilities of computational micropaleontology, which has established in a new interdisciplinary field between the state-of-the-art three-dimensional imaging technology and the biogeoscience.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (11054K)
  • Symbiosis on radiolarians based on the updated taxonomy
    Akihiro Tuji, Noritoshi Suzuki
    2016 Volume 99 Pages 73-83
    Published: March 31, 2016
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14825/kaseki.99.0_73
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Show abstractHide abstract
    This paper first briefly explains the term “symbiosis”, whose definition is variable when talking about the interaction between hosts and their associated organisms, and shows the difficulty to determine their real interactions in the radiolarian studies. The practical recognition of algal symbionts in radiolarians is largely relied on the confirmation of fresh chloroplasts and nuclei in the coccoid form algae. Algal symbionts are apparently present in particular radiolarian species, but this has not been discussed in detail so far. Prior to the discussion, we updated the radiolarian taxonomic names registered in GenBank, because the information in this gene database has rarely been updated once it was recorded. The updated taxonomic names were then applied for the molecular phylogenetic analyses, resulting that the symbiont-bearing radiolarians were found in some specified clades in the phylogenetic trees. As this test shows, the taxonomic names in GenBank should be updated for their own use.
    View full abstract
    Download PDF (10904K)
    • |<
    • <
    • 1
    • >
    • >|
feedback
 Top