Denshi kenbikyo

On the Field Aberrations In the Electron Microscope

Koichi KANAYA

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 167-170
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.167

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For the magnetic lens in the electron microscope, effects of the spherical aberration on the field aberrations are theoretically related.
Consideration for the field aberration constants such as α, β, γ, δ and ε, so-called distortion, curvature of field, astigmatism and coma, respectively, these field aberration constants are to be calculatedas follows:
α=α^P+τ(β^P+γ^P)+τ²(δ^P+ε^P)+τ³ζ
β=β^P+4τδ^P(real part)+2τ²ζ γ=γ^P+2τδ^P+τ²ζ
δ=δ^P+τζ, ε=2δ
Here, ξ is the spherical aberration constant, the constants noted p refer to the principal electron paths through the focal points and τ is the relative inclination of the given ray to the principal path.
Furthermore, the field aberration constants are numerically calculated respectively by using the case when the field is bell-shaped distribution.

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Studies on the Bacterial Cell Wall

IV. Electron microscopic Studies of the Incompletely Hydrolysed Cell Wall of E. Coli B Strain

Nagayuki YOSHIDA, Isamu FUKUYA, Isao KAKUTANI, Saburo TANAKA, Kenji TA ...

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 171-173
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.171

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The boiling of the separated cell wall of E. coli B strain in distilled water and in IN HCI solution gave rise to the bandles consisting of several fine filaments (each approximately 40 to 50mμ in diameter) from the cell wall on the electron microgaphs. It was also noted that the substancial defect in the cell wall appeared in the direction of the short axis of the cell as the result of the treatment by warm 1/100 N Sodium hydroxide solution.

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Electron microscopic studies on Aspergillus oryzae and Asp. sojae, and Kuro-Koji molds

Kinichiro SAKAGUCHI, Hiroshi IIZUKA

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 174-178
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.174

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Sakaguchi and Yamada (1944) have proposed a new classification, dividing the yellow green Aspergilli, which widely used in Japan for manufacturing of alcohol, sake, soy sauce and soy paste, into two main groups; i.e. (1) Aspergillus oryzae s. str. (Asp. flavus-oryzae Thom and Church), and (2) Aspergillus sojae nov. sp..
Sakaguchi, Iizuka and Yamazaki (1949) have proposed as well that Kuro-Koji molds, which are widely used for manufacturing a kind of distilled wine from sweet potatoes in the southern districts of Japan, are quite different from ordinary Aspergillus niger.
The nature of the conidial walls and conidiophore walls of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus sojae, and conidial walls of Kuro-Koji molds are essential characteristics for distinction of these species or group. It is proposed by the present authors that the electron microscope is an effective and indispensable apparatus for the judgment on these characteristics.

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Studies onht e Vaccinia Virus with Ultra-thin-sectioning Methode

Masanaka TERADA, Hideo TAKEUCHI, Koji SHIMADA, Takashi FUKUSHI

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 179-181
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.179

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The authors, with the aid of an electron microscope, have conducted a research on the ultra-thin-sectioning preparations of rabbit testis, inoculated with rabbit testis vaccine, assuming that vaccinia virus might have a strong affinity to rabbit testis tissue.
In the control sample of normal rabbit testis tissue, no signs of degeneration or deficiency could be noted in the nucleus as well as in cytoplasm, though mitochondria could be detected in abundance.
And in sach field or vision, multitudes of brick-shaped or round-edged square particles were observed singly, in chains or in clasters. The obovestated findings match those reported by Green, Anderson, Smadel or Morgan, Wyckoff et al. on the elementary bodies of vaccinia virus.

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Electron microscopic stady on Baeteriol Viruses Active against Alkalescens Dispar No.5 and Plant-parasitic Bacterias Hosts

Masanaka TERADA, Tsukasa UTSUNOMIYA, Teizaburo NAITO, Hisamasa TAGO, Y ...

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 182-187
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.182

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Recently we isolated Newly a bacteriophage of standard strain of Alkalescens Dispar No.5 and 5 kinds of bacteriophages active against plant parasitic pathogenes.
(1) Pseudomonas solanacearum-phage from egg-plant “Wilt” discase.
(2) Erwinia carotovora [Ginger]-phage from ginger “Soft rot” disease.
(3) Erwinia carotovora [Onion]-phage from onion “Soft rot” disease.
(4) Tomato SPI-phage from tomato “Soft rot” disease.
(5) Egg-plant SP II-phage from egg-plant “Soft rot” disease.
These phages were morphologically investigated with electron microscope and also studied biologically.

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Secondary Structure Formation and the Properties of Precipitate

Masayuki NAKAGAKI, Nobuko ISHIBASHI, Shigeo SAKATA

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 187-191
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.187

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When the concentration of coexisting electrolytes is varied, MgCO₃ precipitates in widely varying sedimentation volumes. The change of secondary structure predominates the sedimentation volume, since the size and the shape of primary particles do not change. V₂O₅-and Hg-sulfosalicylate sol are studied to see the change of secondary structure by shaking, applying ultrasonic, and leaving it alone. It is observed that a net-work structure is destroyed and then recovered. Tactoid also observed for concentrated V₂O₅ sol.

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On the Alteration of Specimens during Electron Microscopy

Yasuo NAITO, Shoichiro TAKAHASHI

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 192-198
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.192

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The present authors have found that the intensity of electron beams together with the time of bombardment play a main role for the occurrence of the alterations in specimens during electron microscopy, using as materials thin films of paraffin, sodium chloride crystals, bacteria and thin sections of animal tissue. They have thus comfirmed that in order that materials for electron microscopy may be sheltered from any important alteration, the intensity of electron beams must be limited within 0.5 to 4mA per cm² and the time of bombardment must be kept withn 5 minutes.
Further, in the present study, it has been comfirmed, using the shadow casting technique, that a thin film is formed on the surfaces of materials by electron bombardment. This would be due to the chemical polymerization of some substances already existing on the surfaces following ionization of materials by the action of electron beams.

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Ultra Thin Sectioning Technique by Glass Knife. On n-Butylmethacrylate-Methylmethacrylate Embedding

Hiroshi KUSHIDA

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 199
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.199

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Latta and Hartmann (1) described a glass knife in their original paper.
This glass knife has been adopted for use in many laboratory, but, when used in our laboratory, it proved inadequate. To use a new model sliding microtome for electron microscopy (2), the glass knife, shown in figures 2 and 4, was designed.
In order to obtain efficiently ultra thin sections for the electron microscopy, a clearance angle of about 5°-10° and a slant angle about 50°-60° have been found suitable for sectioning material embedded in polymerized mixture of n-butylmethacrylate and methyl methacrylate (ratio qf 8: 2-6: 4).

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 200-202
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.200

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 202-205
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.202

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 205-207
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.205

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 207-209
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.207

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 209-213
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.209

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 213-215
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.213

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[title in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 215-217
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.215

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 218-221
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.218

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 221-224
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.221

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 224-228
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.224

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[title in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 228-231
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.228

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[title in Japanese]

1954 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 232-233
Published: October 25, 1954
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.232

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