Denshi kenbikyo

Electron Microscope provided with a Intermediate Plate chamber

Eizi Sugata, Masahiko Tateishi, Hiroshige Yokoya, Yoshio Nishitani

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 3-6
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.3

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In electron microscope, it is desirable that the first image which has the least aberrations can be utilized effectively. Intending to realise such an idea, we have developed an electron microscope provided with an intermediate plate chamber.
The construction of the electron microscope is described rather in detail. By this microscope, holding the same exciting current of the objective lens, the intermediate image which has moderate magnification but large viewing field and the highly magnified image of the extremely small part of the same specimen can be recorded at the same time. The recorded intermediate images under such adjusted conditions have the resolution of 500 Å.

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Construction of a Universal Electron Diffraction Microscope and its Optical Features

Kenzo Tanaka, Hatsujiro Hashimoto

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 7-11
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.7

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An Universal Electron Diffraction Microscope, as we call it has two functions as an electron microscope and as an electron diffraction unit. This instrument can be used in the following seven ways.
(1) Electron microscope; range of magnification between 800 and 20000 times can be covered continuously.
(2) Electron microdiffraction unit; electron diffraction pattern characteristic of any small area of a specimen under microscopic observation can be revealed by a switch.
(3) Dark feld electron microscopic image.
(4) High resolution electron diffraction unit.
(5) Effective camera length of electron diffraction is variable from 0 to 250cm.
(6) Shadow micrographs of the specimen used in (4) can be directly obitaned.
(7) Shadow microdiffraction (Probe diffraction); Dark field microscopic image appears in each diffraction spot.
The specimen in the second chamber can be heated at any temperature up to about 800°C and on which two kinds of substances can be evaporated and this evaporation gun can also be used for charge neutrarization.

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Correction of lens defects in three-stage Electron Microscope

Kazuo Ito, Tsugio Ito

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 12-16
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.12

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In the three stage electron microscope, it is possicble to reduce radial distortion and chromatic difference in magnification to zero by usmg objective and intermediate lenses as compound lenses. Calculations are carried out for bell-shaped fields of the axial field distribution
H(Z)=Hm/1+(Z/a)²
and their results are compared with experimental values.

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Shadow Microscope Images By Two Stage E. M.

Susumu Maruse, Isamu Eguchi

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 17-20
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.17

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The two stage electron microscope is applied to take shadow microscope images, Kossel-Möllenstedt images and electron diffraction images of high resolution. These images have many practical applications as well as theoretical interests. A method to estimate the aberrations of electron lenses by using shadow images is presented. And on shadow images we observe an anomalous contrast, its origin being unknown.

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Experimental Investigation of Chromatic Aberration in Electron Microscope and Observation of Thick Specimen

Shinjiro Katagiri

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 21-29
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.21

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A experimental investigation of Chromatic aberration in the magnetic electron microscope has been carried out. And by combining the properly selected magnetic lenses an electron microscope with small Chromatic aberration has been developed. This success has led to the attainment of the high resolution on the condition that percentage fluctuation of accelerating voltage is about 2×10^-3. It has enablled also to observe the internal stuctures of thick specimens. using 50kv voltage supply. Even for specimens of 0.3μ0.5μ thick tissues, for instance electron micrographs of high quality can be obtained by means of this instrument.

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High Resolution Replica and its Application

Tadatosi Hibi, Keiji Yada

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 30-33
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.30

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To obtain higher resolution rplica than previous one improvements of metallic evaporated film were carried out in the case of using two-stage replica. It was found that, among various metallic elements used, many elements such as Zr, Si, Fe and etc. were very superior to Al as evaporated film of high resolution replica. Further high resolution replica was also obtained by using evaporated film after previous proper ion-or electron-bo mbardment of transfered plastic film. Comparison between continuous evaporation and intermittent one for producing of high resolution replica was made. According to results obtained a few examples of its application are shown.

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Electron microscopic observations of bacteriophages

Part 1 Electron microscopic observations of Coli Phage

Hironobu Mori

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 34-38
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.34

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Bacteriophages affecting Escherichia coli and Shigella were isolated from feces of the healthy chickens. The morphological relationship between Coli phages and their host cells was studied with electron microscope. The samples for electron microscopy were prepared by the use of Hillier's technique.
Many phages were observed in this experiment. Some of them were adsorbed on the infected cells, and some were liberated.
The techniques used gave little disturbances of the morphological relation between phages and their host cells.

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Electron microscopic observations of bacteriophages

Part 2 Electron microscopic observations of Shigella komagome A phage

Hironobu Mori

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 39-45
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.39

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Electron microscope was applied to the studies of the interaction between the Sh. komagome A phage isolated from the feces of healthy chickens and its host cells.
The samples for electron microscopy were prepared as follows:
The phages are mixed with the susceptible organisms growing in nutrient broth. These broth are incubated for a graded series of time-intervals, and then added the formalin, or chilled in ice water. These preparations are centrifuged and sediments are washed with saline plus formalin. The washed sediments are suspended in water plus formalin and these suspensions are used in the preparation of the samples.
It was found in this experiment that the times rearly corresponding to the half of rising curve of the one-step growth curve would be the best time for the purpose of the preparation for the electron microscopic samples.

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Electron Microscopy of Yeast

6. On the investigation to taxonomy of yeast (No.1)

Tatsuo Yamamoto, Masami Kitamura

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 46-49
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.46

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We attempt the investigation to taxono my of yeast by electron microscopical characteristics. From three stages fresh cellsand, older cell, liquid culture's cells of 14 yeasts next observations were obtained.
(1) Some connection are recognizedin relation between the productive power of alcohol and richness in contents, combination together of yeast cells.
(2) Film production yeast have large vacuoles in cell and this fact ais reasonable from the viewpoint of specific gravity and also the clear characteristic of these yeast.
(3) In cases of budding, some pecularity are observed.

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On the microagglutination technique for the electron micrography

Teruo Taniro, Mitsuaki Kashiwagi, Yasuhiro Shigematsu

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 50-53
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.50

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The morphological observation of the agglutination of Salmonella typhosa has been mainly investigated by the ordinary microscopy, especially by the dark-field microscopy. Electron micrograph of it has not been seen except Anderson and Mudd (1941) However their electron micrograph did not show the natural state of the agglutination for the preparations were made from aggregates of the cell in the test tube.
We planned a new preparation method for the electron microscopy, e.g., a microagglutination technique, to try to observe the agglutination of the cell in the natural sate. The technique follows; we tried the agglutination of S. typhosa on the collodion film floating in the Petri's dish and made preparations from this film.

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Systematic Studies on the “Electron Stain”

1. General Consideration

Tadashi Fujiwara

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 54-57
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.54

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The “Electron Stain” may be more uefsul than the “Metal Shadowing” for the electron microscopic biology, but systematic studies have not been attempted. Definition and general classification of the “Electron Stain” and the methods of preliminary experiments to discriminate the effects of staining are discribed in this report.

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The honing and sharpening method for the ultra-thin sectioning microtome knife

Kiyoshi Suzuki, Tadashi Fujiwara, Tadashi Ishii

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 58-61
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.58

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The ultra-thin sectioning microtome knife are sufficiently honed and sharpened with treatments described as follows.

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A special bottle for collodion film culture

Jun Arima, Yasuo Naito

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 62
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.62

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For the electron microscopical study of tubercle bacilli, a special bottle for collodion film cultue with a supplementary orfice at the side as shrwn in Fig. 1 was devised.
This culture bottle was found to be satisfactorily good for avaiding the contaminations at the time of the preparation of the media and during a long preiod of incubation time of tubercle bacille

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Colour Photography for Electron Microscopy

Hidetsugu Tsuchikura

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 63
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.63

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On the electron sensitive colour plate reported by E. G. Ramberg, he has thought that two mosaic electron sensitive layers, one of which will develope red and the other green on processing, separated by a thin mettaltlic layer, have response dependent on the velocity of the incident electrons.
Wrighter's experiment on the Ansco colour film showed that the sensitivity of each layer depends not only on the velocity, but also on the intensity of electrons, and in practical electron microscopy, the later is important.
One experiment and the basis of an argument are described in this paper.

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[title in Japanese]

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 64-66
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.64

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[title in Japanese]

1953 Volume 3 Issue 1 Pages 67-81
Published: October 10, 1953
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11410/kenbikyo1950.3.67

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