The aim of this article is to identify the new sources of
Tama-kushige (1695) and
Tama-hahaki (1696) by Hayashi-Gitan, a writer and Confucian scholar of the Kogidō School who was also engaged in publishing business. In
Tama-kushige, for example, the “Unrin-in” chapter (4-4) was based on
Narihira-yume-monogatari, and the two chapters “Sanchū-no-reijin” (6-1) and the “Suisei-no-juzu” (6-2) on
Zoku-eni-hen. In this way the author borrowed wholly or partially from other books and combined them into his own stories. Although it is often said that Hayashi used easily available books for his writing, he actually had access to rare books, both Japanese and Chinese, through his religious, publishing, and literary network. When Hayashi was at work on publishing “hakuwa” Chinese novels in his later years, he utilized some latest ones for his own works. Eventually he played an important role in the fad for “hakuwa” fiction in the mid-Edo Period.
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