Type V secretory phospholipase A
2 (sPLA
2-V) has been implicated in several pathophysiological events including inflammation, eicosanoid production, and antibacterial defense. However, its expression has been recognized in only a few organs such as the heart and lung. This study is the first to demonstrate preferential expression of sPLA
2-V in human salivary glands by immunohistochemistry and
in situ hybridization. In normal tissues, sPLA
2-V was expressed in a constitutive manner in serous cells and scarcely in duct epithelia, but not in mucous cells. In contrast in sialoadenitis, sPLA
2-V expression was up-regulated in duct epithelia and some mucous cells, while the tumor cells of pleomorphic adenoma strongly expressed the enzyme. We concluded that sPLA
2-V in salivary glands may play a role for saliva secretions and anti-bacterial defense, in as well as assist in the progression of sialoadenitis and salivary gland tumor formation through prostaglandin production.
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