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Article type: Cover
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Cover1-
Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Appendix
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Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Appendix
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Published: October 16, 1997
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
Pages
3-
Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Index
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4-11
Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Appendix
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Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Appendix
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Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Appendix
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Published: October 16, 1997
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Lotfi A. Zadeh
Article type: Article
Pages
16-
Published: October 16, 1997
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Article type: Appendix
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App1-
Published: October 16, 1997
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Tetsuji Nagata, Satoru Ozeki, Yasuo Honda, Masamiti Ohishi, Seizaburo ...
Article type: Article
Pages
19-20
Published: October 16, 1997
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The present study describes the results of analysis performed in an attempt to predict cervical lymph node metastasis in carcinoma of the tongue. In previous study, 137 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who were treated at our institution from 1971 to 1990 were investigated. Statistically, the quantification theory Type II of Hayashi (1954) was employed for discriminatory analysis. Ninety-four patients out of 137 patients (75.9%) could be discriminated accurately. When the method of this discriminatory analysis was applied to new cases which were treated from 1991 to 1992, 21 cases (65.6%) were pointouted accurately. The accurate rate of predicting cases among NO was 72.0%. From the results above, the accurate rate of this discriminant analysis was not satisfactorily high. Some histopathological items are subjective factors and sensitive items to the categorical scores. Therefore, the diagnostic logic using Fuzzy theory is being examined to the accurate prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis.
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Nobuhiro Takao
Article type: Article
Pages
21-22
Published: October 16, 1997
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Thromboplastin test (TT) and prothrombin time (international normalised ration, PT-INR) are very popular coagulation screening tests. But it is to difficult to predict TT by PT-INR because the non-linear relations between PT-INR and TT. Fuzzy modeling is useful analytical tool for non-linear complex system. I made new predicting curve for TT in combination with linear regression and fuzzy model. The fitness of this curve is adequate to clinical use.
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Mikio MAEDA, Shuta MURAKAMI, Mari NOMIYAMA
Article type: Article
Pages
23-24
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper deals with a generation of pregnant prognosis by using fuzzy clustering on the basis of treatment data for sterile women. The pregnant prognosis has three state ; normal, abnormal, and miscarry. Pregnant rules are better than AI diagnosis rules.
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Nobuaki SHIKATA, Seizaburo ARITA
Article type: Article
Pages
25-28
Published: October 16, 1997
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Fuzzy theory is useful for morphological Diagnosis such as CT scan and Ultrasonography. In this study, We apply the fuzzy theory to histopathological diagnosis.
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Yoshinori WATANABE, Keiichi SAITO, Hiroshi HASHIMOTO, Akihiko UCHIYAMA
Article type: Article
Pages
29-30
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper presents a method of constructing a diagnostic system with fuzzy measure for two-group differentiation. In this method, possibility measure is constructed by using evaluations of each item ,and it is optimized with learning data by genetic algorithm. We have used a Choquet integral in each case and differentiated cases on the basis of each value. To evaluate the performance of our method, we have applied it to differentiation between an early gastric ulcer and an early gastric cancer. As a result, accuracy between 95% and 100% was obtained. Furthermore, optimized possibility measure appropriately reflects doctors' subject.
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Kenya KATO, Keiichi SAITO, Hiroshi HASHIMOTO, Akihiko UCHIYAMA
Article type: Article
Pages
31-32
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper presents a construction method for a diagnostic support system using a fuzzy measure and application of the method. λ-fuzzy measure is employed as a measure of items for evaluating disease. Choquet's integral is utilized for evaluation of disease. The density of the fuzzy measure and λ is detected by a genetic algorithm for constructing the fuzzy system. This method was applied to construction of an endoscopic diagnostic support system of depressed type early gastric carcinoma. As a result, the λ-fuzzy measure reflects the measure of the doctor's subjectivity and the accuracy is more than 93%. The result indicates that our method has applicabilty for constructing system using a λ-fuzzy measure.
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Yoshio MANIWA, Hiroshi TANIMURA, Satoru SAKAGUCHI, Seizaburo ARITA, Hi ...
Article type: Article
Pages
33-34
Published: October 16, 1997
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In Japan, excessive administrations of antibiotics caused variable incurable infections recently. So as to return to exact application of prophylactic surgical antibiotics and establish the guideline, we have devised computer supporting system for efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics after gastrectomy using fuzzy set theory.
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Akikazu Tamaki, Masahiko Iwane
Article type: Article
Pages
35-36
Published: October 16, 1997
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We describe of the extraction of edge feature from image data. The edge feature consists of 25 class in our method. The edge feature on the point of image is classified into the class by the feature patterns, which are generated by neural network from 3×3 matrix.
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Junzo WATADA, Yoshiyuki YABUUCHI, Yoshiteru NAKAMORI
Article type: Article
Pages
37-42
Published: October 16, 1997
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In this paper, a fuzzy concept is employed to construct a principal component model which can deal with fuzziness, vagueness or possibility, which is named a fuzzy principal component analysis for fuzzy data. The fuzzy principal component analysis is to analyze a possibility of fuzzy data. The fuzzy principal component analysis for fuzzy data has three formulations according the portions which the possibilities included in fuzzy data are embodied : 1) an eigenvalue, 2) an eigenvector and 3) both eigenvalue and eigenvector. In this paper, we discuss about only the first formulation that an eigenvalue is employed to deal with fuzziness of data. The principal component analysis for fuzzy data is employed in this paper to analyze the features of information technology industry. In this analysis, the financial ratio is employed as indices. And we evaluate the possibility of a company activity in information technology industry.
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Koji Uemura, Hinako Toyama, Akio Kobayashi, Takamitsu Yamada, Yuichi K ...
Article type: Article
Pages
43-46
Published: October 16, 1997
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Fractal dimension images were generated by box-counting method for MRI and PET glucose metabolic images of the brain. An effect of the noise and spatial resolution on the value of fractal dimension was investigated by smoothing the brain images in a normal volunteer and a patient with corticobasal degeneration. In MRIs with high resolution and low noise, mean values of fractal dimension in the region of degenerated cerebral cortex was shown to be lower than those in the normal cerebral cortex and the relation was not changed by ten times smoothing, which is blurring the image and is reducing the noise. Then the low value of the fractal dimension in the lesion shows character of the corticobasal degeneration. In PET images with low resolution and high noise, however, the difference of the fractal dimension, between the normal and the CBD patient, was disappeared by more than 4 times smoothing. This result shows the spatial resolution of the PET images is critical to evaluate the characteristics of the texture by fractal dimension.
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Masaya Yoneda, Seizaburo Arita, Tadashi Iokibe
Article type: Article
Pages
47-50
Published: October 16, 1997
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Numbers of patients of deabetus mellitus are increasing to six million in Japan. It is important to evaluate patients based on their timeseries data of blood glucose. In this paper, we analyse the chaotic behavior of blood glucose indiabetes mellitus patients and give the new control method of clinical care to their patients.
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Youichi TSUBUSAKI, Kazunori MIYAMOTO, Torao YANARU
Article type: Article
Pages
51-52
Published: October 16, 1997
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The recent scientific knowledge that the several kinds of chemical particles are concerned with the transmission in the synaptic region is suggestive of a leap in artificial neural network technology. This paper proposes a new type of neuron and synapse model imitating the way of transmission performance in the actual human brain. The model gives attention to the frequency spectrum of the pulse sequence as output from a neuron, then generates a few symbolized particles and stores them. The accumulated particles cause strong effect on the generation of post synaptic potential.
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Hidetomo ICHIHASHI, Naoki TANI, Takashi OHTANI, Tetsuya MIYOSHI, Takay ...
Article type: Article
Pages
53-54
Published: October 16, 1997
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We have developed a pointing device that translates handicapped person's movements into direct movements of the computer's cursor. For sensitivity tuning of the cursor movement and coordinate transformation, the neurofuzzy GMDH is employed, whose partial descriptions are represented by RBFs. The click motion is replaced with opening the mouth. A color trucker system for the measurement of head positions is used.
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Takashi Samatsu, Eiji Uchino, Takeshi Yamakawa
Article type: Article
Pages
55-58
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper describes a method of feature extraction from a vectorcardiogram using a Wavelet Network with convex wavelets. This wavelet network exhibits high ability of generalization. It was successfully applied to modeling problems of vectorcardiogram and to feature extraction. In addition, We try to display the feature visually.
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Article type: Appendix
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App2-
Published: October 16, 1997
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Yoshiyuki Katayama, Masaru Hosoda, Seizaburo Arita, Yoshimi Hori
Article type: Article
Pages
61-62
Published: October 16, 1997
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Diagnosis with medical imaging such as CT scan essentially contains fuzziness because of subjective assessment of the findings by examiner. We have developed a computer diagnostic supporting system using fuzzy inference, which allows objective assessment of cervical lymph nodes metastasis in head and neck cancer. The input and output membership functions were prepared for each item and the final assessment was made by the center of gravity of the max-sets of the output membership function. Evaluation of the adequacy for this system was performed in 67 CT scans of cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer patients by three examiners with different clinical experience. The diagnostic accuracy of this system was approximately 90% for every examiner. This diagnostic supporting system appears to be beneficial for diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis by CT scan, however there was 4 falsenegative cases in 67 cases. Therefore this system was tuned up a membership function, and the possibility for a clinical use was evaluated.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
Pages
63-66
Published: October 16, 1997
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Shoji Hirano, Naotake Kamiura, Yutaka Hata
Article type: Article
Pages
67-68
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper proposes an approach of fuzzy logic to 3D foot CT image segmentation. We show a fuzzy knowledge representation method to represent the knowledge needed to segment the foot bone into their ossa. In it we consider boundary surface knowledge, intensity knowledge and adjacency knowledge. They are expressed by fuzzy if-then rules and compiled to a total degree as the measure of segmentation. The degree is evaluated in region growing technique and which segments the foot bone. The experimental result shows that our method extract the ossa precisely.
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Syoji Kobashi, Naotake Kamiura, Yutaka Hata
Article type: Article
Pages
69-70
Published: October 16, 1997
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In this paper, we show a medical image segmentation for MR angiography images. In it, we introduce a cluster analysis technique aided by fuzzy logic. Our method classifies the clusters into the blood vessels and the others by comparing the intensity histogram with predefined models. In the experimental results, we show the target MIP and volume rendering images of the segmented region. They are useful for evaluating the lesions such as the areury.
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Hitoshi Ebihara, Akio Kobayashi, Keiichi Saito, Hinako Toyama, Kenya K ...
Article type: Article
Pages
71-74
Published: October 16, 1997
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A Fuzzy clustering method was developed for a multi-functional correlation map generated from the cerebral functional images with positron emission tomography (PET) and was evaluated for a patient with internal carotidartery occlusion studied pre- and post- operation. The multi-functional correlation map of cerebral blood flow measured with 15O labeled water at resting, hyper ventilation (HV) and Acetazoramide loading (AZ) states, was clustered into two (normal and diseased) groups by the Fuzzy clustering method. Classified regions of normal and disease were almost same as the regions clustered by a hierarchical clustering method. The recovered region, which was normal CBF and moved low to normal response to AZ loading and HV by operation, was depicted in the post-operative clustered images. This clustering method is considered to be available to represent simply the complex functions of the brain.
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Takemasa Tanaka, Toshiyuki Kawazu, Shigenobu Kanda
Article type: Article
Pages
75-76
Published: October 16, 1997
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The digital dental imaging system (DDIS) has been developed and spread widely in recent years. The images of DDIS, however, aren't always so good, because of insufficient density distribution. Therefore, it seems that DDIS requires density optimization in an appropriate way. The authors applied the fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for this purpose. According to our method, density distribution of most DDIS images could be improved better than the conventional histogram equalization method.
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Keiichi SAITO, Hiroshi HASHIMOTO, Akihiko UCHIYAMA
Article type: Article
Pages
77-80
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper describes application of the membership function acquisition method to an ultrasonic endoscopic image diagnostic system. This system is developed in order to differentiate between the medullary type gastric cancer and the intermediate type gastric cancer. The system was capable of estimating the possibility of medullary type by using texture characteristics of echoic images. This application revealed that the membership function acquisition method was applicable to construct fuzzy diagnostic support system for two-group differentiation.
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Shuoyu Wang, Takeshi Tsuchiya, Masaharu Mizumoto, Yan Shi
Article type: Article
Pages
81-84
Published: October 16, 1997
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In actual systems, it is very important that fuzzy reasoning has convexness, asymptoticness, and modus ponens in order to make fully use of features of fuzzy reasoning. This paper proposes a new compatibility degree-type Fuzzy reasoning method having these three important characteristics.
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Masaharu MIZUMOTO
Article type: Article
Pages
85-88
Published: October 16, 1997
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As an extended version of functional reasoning method whose consequent parts consist of functions, this paper proposes "fuzzy functional reasoning method" in which fuzzy functions are used in the consequent part. Moreover, this reasoning method is shown to be equivalent to "weighted functional reasoning method" whose consequent parts have weights, by adopting as the weight the area or the base length of fuzzy set from the fuzzy function in the consequent part.
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Myung-Mook Han, Yillbyung Lee, Mignon Park
Article type: Article
Pages
89-92
Published: October 16, 1997
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Genetic Algorithm (GA) has a number of properties that make it suitable for formalizing the uncertain information upon which medical diagnosis and treatment is usually based. Firstly, it provides a robust approach. Secondly, it uses payoff information, not other auxiliary knowledge. Finally, it searches for an individual which refers to all the concepts at the same time. This is verified by trials performed with a GA-based concept learner called GAIL, which uses GA to model the diagnostic process.
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Masahiro NAKANO, Hiroyuki MARTSUURA
Article type: Article
Pages
93-96
Published: October 16, 1997
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A new method is proposed to analyze social systems from their macroscopic point of view. In this method, the probability distribution is requested to satisfy the second derivative equation of Schrodinger-type in physics. The second derivative of the basic equation is suitable to exclude sharp change of the higher order in the distribution. The obtained real potentials represent the structural characteristics of stationary distribution and the imaginary potentials indicate the time-change of the absolute value and the shape of distribution. Interactions between distributions are introduced and it is shown that its approximate solution includes a simple relation of the net transfer. An idea of the politics operators is proposed as a tool of system analysis and some examples are shown.
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Takashi KOSHIMIZU, Masaaki TSUJITANI
Article type: Article
Pages
97-98
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper is concerned with the techniques for nonlinear discriminant analysis from the standpoint of comparison with hidden-layer feed-forward neural networks. We discuss learning algorithms by use of maximum likelihood method through Kullback-Leibler measure. Akaike's information criterion provides us the decision as to which of several competing network architectures is "best" for a given problem. We contrast the merits of hidden-layer feed-forward neural networks with those of ordinary discriminat analysis.
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K. S. PARK, H. S. SHIN, S. R. LEE, K. C. LEE, J. H. KIM, M. PARK
Article type: Article
Pages
99-102
Published: October 16, 1997
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This study is about the construction of algorithms for selecting Yongshin of the Four Pillars and diagnosing desease. To Emulate the method the expert uses when he diagnosis the Four Pillars, we use the Neural Network and Fuzzy Cognitive Map. The result of the simulation is presented.
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Tadashi Watsuji, Shoji Shinohara, Yoshiyuki Okamoto, Tadashi Yano, Sei ...
Article type: Article
Pages
103-106
Published: October 16, 1997
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There is a original clinical system in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which had been established by unigue algorithm. Differentiation pathologic conditions in accordance with the eight principal syndromes called as a basic mode. We had attempted to investigate the possibility that fuzzy the theory can be applied to the basic mode. As the result, It was necessary to reform several conditions of fuzzy rule for applying to the basic mode.
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Torao YANARU, Kazunori MIYAMOTO, Naruki SHIRAHAMA
Article type: Article
Pages
107-110
Published: October 16, 1997
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Treatment and measurement of Eastern Medicine, such as ocupuncture treatment, moxa cautery and Blood cleaning treatment by vacuum tube, is performed based on the well known treatment diagram (sinkyu hosha youketu diagram, 鍼灸補シ寫要穴の図 and keiraku diagram 経路図). This paper discusses that these diagrams are how they are closely related with the general concept of operating system on computer.
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Mikihiko Fukunaga, Naoki Takebayasi, Yoshihide Nakai
Article type: Article
Pages
111-112
Published: October 16, 1997
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The psychosomatic diseases (PSD) are defined as the organic or functional diseases which have been effected by the stress. In spite of the many studies whichintended to prove the relations between diseases and the stress, there are few results that succeed to prove their relations. Someone said that the reason why the studies have been failed to prove the relation, PSD had some aspects of complexities. So thatthe linear scientific trials to prove the relations were failed. They said the doctors who are expert in PSD, should understand the complexity in the PSD.
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Takeshi Tanimukai, Seizaburou Arita, Toru Abe, Sachiko Oda, Masatoshi ...
Article type: Article
Pages
113-114
Published: October 16, 1997
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Yasuo HONDA, Norifumi NAKAMURA, Ichiro MASUI, Tetsuji NAGATA, Masamich ...
Article type: Article
Pages
115-116
Published: October 16, 1997
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Esthetic improvement of the nasolabial region is one of the goals of cleft lip palate surgery. The professional evaluation of esthetic result is made by subjective perception of the clinician, which has a reproducible problem. When a clinician assesses the resultant improvement, intact nasolabial deformities are inclusive. Because the deformities vary among the cleft lip patients. Then the authors are attempting to make a fuzzy expert system which can produce a semi objective improvement index of the nasal morphology in cleft lip patients. This index would be useful for comparing the timimg of nasal surgery and different procedures.
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Ichiro MASUI, Toshitaka UJI, Takeshi HONDA
Article type: Article
Pages
117-118
Published: October 16, 1997
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Esthetic improvement of the face is one of the goals of orthognathic surgery. In evaluation of the resultant profile, subjective perception can make overall assessment, but it has a reproducibility problem. Instead, profile measurements provide sound numerical data. But the results have to be evaluated by a clinician, which still lies in subjectivity. The authors developed the fuzzy expert system which provides profile assessment of an expert by feeding ten profile measurements.
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Eiji Uchino, Kazuhiro Sasada, Ichiro Masui, Takeshi Yamakawa
Article type: Article
Pages
119-120
Published: October 16, 1997
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This paper describes a fuzzy learning system which predicts the shift of the soft tissue from that of the hard tissue and vice versa following orthognathic surgery. The strong nonlinearity between the landmark's shift amount of the hard and soft tissue is learned by fuzzy system. It has been applied to 40 patients real data, and the results are promising.
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Naruki Shirahama, Torao Yanaru
Article type: Article
Pages
121-122
Published: October 16, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2017
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A considerable number of studies have been done regarding actively on properties of human's information processing. It is important to make a computer that can deal with human sensibility. But this is difficult problem by the reason that it includes subjectivity, vagueness, ambiguity and conditional dependence. For example, the more we try to construct a general database that can express human's sensibility, the more the database loses its information. It is important that these systems include an adjustable mechanism that reflects subjective response of each person. And the values of each attribute in the database or parameter of the system should adjust to person's feeling. This paper proposes a best adjustable system to person so as to deal with human's sensibility on computer.
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Hideki KUMA, Hirokazu YOKOI
Article type: Article
Pages
123-126
Published: October 16, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2017
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In this paper, using the time- continuous model of short- term memory, we have studied the optimum-apportionment modes of the presentation time of eight randomly-selected alphabet letters sequentially presented in the same position on a CRT display unit screen visually and through a headphone acoustically to four young males. These modes are thought to allow for the easiest retention by the short- term memory. These modes have shown the same tendency as those in a visual display or in an auditory display. Individual differences appear in the middle part. There are two cases in this part of the optimum-apportionment mode : in the first case, the presentation time of one alphabet letter is longer than that of previous alphabet letter and the following alphabet letter. In the other case.the presentation time of the alphabet letters decreases monotonically according to its serial position. The number of recalled alphabet letters with the optimum-apportionment mode is larger than that in the visual display or in the auditory display for all subjects.
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Akinori NAKATA, Masaharu MIZUMOTO
Article type: Article
Pages
127-128
Published: October 16, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2017
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In this paper, we reflect some factors are needed for a knowledge system from bioinedical information processing point of view, and we propose a knowledge system expecting the emergence of autonomous individuals and consider the way of its self-organization.
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Hideyasu Hirano, Makoto Kikuchi, Masahiro Nakano, Takeshi Hirano
Article type: Article
Pages
129-132
Published: October 16, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2017
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Teeming variable surface antigens of HIVs are induced by errorprone reverse transcriptase. Misreading, double reading, jumping reading, and frame shift reading are the essential mechanisms of antigen diversities. To predict these antigens, a cDNA coding transmembrane protein was sequenced by using universal PCR primers, analyzed and dispersed onto a evolutional time axis plate (EVTAP) using Fuzzy Logic. This EVTAP told us the future pathogenic amino acid peptide antigens to be conjugated to high molecular weight human serum proteins or HIV surface proteins for vaccination. If these predicted peptide antigens would be used prior to other anti HIV agents-treatment, mutant capture vaccine as this might exterminate HIVs to minimum levels in a patient and a healthy vaccine recipient would be protected by most types of HIV infections.
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Yoshikazu Imai
Article type: Article
Pages
133-134
Published: October 16, 1997
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In the 9th annual meeting of BMFS A, a model of a fuzzy computer for general purpose was proposed and its usefulness for academic comprehension of Orientalism was advocated. The aim of this presentation is to point out the possibilities of fuzzy software exemplified in the region of oriental thought. The Western sciences and Eastern view in perspective were compared. Some revised idea for cognition or creativity systems based on oriental view was connoted. As orientalized fuzzy systems, a health welfare supporting software was exemplified, which consisted of systematic accumulation of logical rules based on oriental view and advancement of ranges of relivant membership functions in public use to get fuzzy balance well to fit to the specific individual case.
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