This study was designed to investigate the effect of Islamic work ethics (IWE) on employees work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) among employees working in Public healthcare sector in Pakistan. The data was collected from 189 nurses working in the Public hospitals in Pakistan. It was hypothesized that IWE would positively predict work engagement and OCB among employees. IWE was found to positively predict work engagement and OCB. Conducted in a Pakistani cultural setting, the study demonstrates the significance of IWE in enhancing work engagement among employees. Additionally, it also demonstrates the value of IWE in predicting healthcare employees’ OCB.

College students responded to the Academic Delay of Gratification Scale for eight kinds of hypothetical instruction and learning situations established by manipulating factors such as degree of teacher strictness, class utility value, and class intrinsic value. The main results indicated that when either the utility or intrinsic value of a class was low, a higher degree of teacher strictness was associated with a stronger tendency to delay immediate gratification. In addition, the tendency to delay immediate gratification was strongest when both the utility and intrinsic values of the class were high. These results suggest that situational factors affect the academic delay of gratification among college students in instruction and learning situations.

This study examined how a sense of calling is linked with job and with life satisfaction among 209 Korean working adults. Using structural equation modeling, the mediating effects of living a calling and work volition were tested in the link between perceiving a calling and job-and life satisfaction. Living a calling was found to be a significant mediator only in the link between perceiving a calling and job satisfaction. Interestingly, work volition mediated the link between perceiving a calling and both job- and life satisfaction. Inconsistent with previous research suggesting that work volition was an antecedent of living a calling, this study showed that work volition directly linked to job and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the mediating effects of work volition were stronger than living a calling for job-and life satisfaction among South Koreans. Implications for future research and clinical work are discussed.

Over the past several decades, there has been an exponential growth in psychological theory and research to develop techniques by which individuals can gain a positive sense of control in their lives. One such model is Control Therapy (Shapiro & Astin, 1998; Shapiro, Astin, Shapiro, Soucar, & Santerre, 2010; D. H. Shapiro, Soucar, S. L. Shapiro, & Astin, 2010) which has been studied with diverse clinical populations. This study is a preliminary investigation exploring the application of Control Therapy to an educational setting, through a ten-week course, in which 13 undergraduate students in the United States studied control theory and research, learned about their own “control profile”, and completed an N = 1 self as subject, control-related research project. Scores on the Shapiro Control Inventory (SCI) pre to post all showed movement in the “healthy” sense-of-control direction. N = 1 data showed students were able to effectively match their control profile, self-observation data, and goals to appropriate techniques. Qualitative data showed positive changes on sense of control for 12 out of 13 participants, some quite profound (e.g., “invaluable life lessons and skills” “empowering”). An adverse result was reported by a single student. The paper concludes with limitations of this study and directions for future research.