The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences
Online ISSN : 2185-0968
Print ISSN : 0915-6380
ISSN-L : 0915-6380
Volume 2, Issue 2
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Yasushi TAKAGI, Kazuo SATO, Ryuichi UZAWA, Takashi KATAGIRI, Kunihide ...
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 113-119
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It is not easy to diagnose acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during the first few hours after the onset, because the indicators for diagnosis, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and conventional plasma enzymes and isozymes values are within normal ranges. Isoforms of creatine kinase (CK; ATP: creative N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) -MM evolve through posttranslational modification in blood stream from tissue (MM3) to MM2 and MM1. In this study, we quantified changes in CK-MM Isof orm profiles in the first available serum samples from patients with acute myocardial infarction and normal subjects. CK-MM isoform profiles were measured by a specific monoclonal antibody against CK-M (lysine) that contains lysine at the C-terminal residue, and CK-MM isoform index was expressed as CK-M (lysine) /CK-M, having no lysine at the C-terminal residue. In the 114 control subjects, the CK-MM isoform index was 0.56±0.14 (mean±SD), and the upper limit of normal (defined as the mean plus 2SD) was 0.84. In contrast, among the 34 patients with AMI, the index in the first available plasma sample averaged 0.85±0.52 (p<0.01), compared with control subjects. The first available samples were obtained 3.7±2.5 hr after the onset of symptoms. In 13 of 34 patients (38.2%), the index was greater than the normal. Total CK and CK-MB activities were greater than normal in 11 and 10 of 34 patients, respectively. The CK-MM isoform index can be an excellent indicator for early diagnosis of AMI.
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  • Elena O'CALLAGHAN, Alejo MIYAMOTO, Hiroshi TAKAHASHI, Rikiya FUJITA
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 121-125
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study is a report of all the cases from 1980 to 1988 believed from endoscopic study to be benign but which were conclusively shown by pathological diagnosis to be malignant. Thinking that the endoscopists's experience could be one reason for these errors, an evaluation was made with three categories: EXPERT, MEDIUM TRAINED and BEGINNER. And the percentage of each category in 119 false negative diagnosis cases was calculated. A samples of the population that received endoscopy was taken, the percentage of each category of experience of endoscopists was then determined and the percentage in the population were inferred from this determination. It was then checked whether the percentages of the false negative group fell in or outside of the confidence interval. For the expert endoscopists there was no statistically significant difference between the percentage of the false negative group and the population that received endoscopy. The percentage of medium trained endoscopists was higher in the false negative group than in the population that received endoscopy. The percentage of beginner endoscopists was lower in the false negative group than in the population that received endoscopy. Medium trained endoscopists made more errors than experts, so we might conclude that inexperience is one cause of false negative errors. However, the results of beginner endoscopists seemed to invalidate this conclusion, but this might be explained by the beginners' supervision, and possibly by higher motivation.
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  • Kaoru EGAWA, Naomichi MACHIDA, Satoshi IIKURA, Reiji TAKIGUCHI
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 127-131
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To observe three dimensional ultrastructure of formative bone surface, the surface of mandibular bodies and bony palates of 4-week-old Wistar rats were examined by high-resolution scanning electron microscope. Specimens were incubated in trypsin solution to digest both the osteoblasts and amorphous organic matrix, and the formative bone surface was exposed. Most of the surface matrix of the formative bone was composed of a dense network of collagen fibrils. Compact collagen fibrils were observed running in a uniform direction under the reticular collagen fibrils with sparse reticular collagen fibrils at the bone surface. On some parts of the formative bone surface, irregularshaped or semi-spherical ultrastructures were observed. These ultrastructures were formed by dense networks of collagen fibrils. Compact collagen fibril bundles running roughly in a uniform direction were found partially on the formative bone surface. Spindle-shaped bone canaliculi opened between collagen fibril bundles. Uncalcified collagen fibrils forming the formative bone surface were approximately 70 nm (700 Å) in diameter and had periodic striped structures at about 60 nm (600 Å) intervals.
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  • Tokuji HASEGAWA, Sadao NAKAYAMA, Kazuo ITOH, Sadao WAKUMOTO, Katsuji O ...
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 133-141
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An experimental self-etching dentin primer, prepared by dissolving an acidic monomer, methacryloxyethyl succinate (MES), dimethacryloxyethyl phosphate (DMEP) or tertiarybutyl acrylamide sulfonic acid (TBAS), in an aqueous solution of 2.9M 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), has been shown to promote adhesion by a bonding agent between a composite resin and dentin. To clarify the mechanism of this promotion we examined the effects of acidic monomers on dentin cleansing, surface tension of water and hypotonic hemolysis of rat erythrocytes. In scanning electron microscope observation of the dentin surface, the smear layer remained slightly evident after MES-HEMA treatment. DMEP-HEMA or TBAS-HEMA caused complete removal of the smear layer, and openings of dentinal tubules were clearly evident. MES and DMEP, 1×10-6 M and 1×10-4 M, respectively, decreased the surface tension of distilled water (72 dyne/cm) . The surface tension depression by 0.3M HEMA was apparently not further affected by MES, DMEP or TBAS at 1×10-7 to 1×10-2M. The osmotic pressure of hypotonic buffer was increased by MES, DMEP, TBAS and HEMA at concentrations greater than 1×10-2M. The hypotonic hemolysis of erythrocytes was inhibited by MES and TBAS at 4×10-3 to 1×10-2M and by HEMA at 4×10-1M. DMEP promoted hypotonic hemolysis at 4×10-5 to 1×10-4M, but caused inhibition in the concentration range of 4×10-4 to 1×10-3M. The protective effect of acidic monomers on the erythrocytes was promoted by the presence of 0.1 M HEMA, while DMEP at 1×10-2 M showed only a lytic effect. These results suggest that the mechanism of promotion of the adhesive ability of a bonding agent by self-etching dentin primers containing these acidic monomers is related to the increased surface activity of water and membrane stability of erythrocytes, since these effects of acidic monomers might be caused by the reduction in surface tension of secretion from dentin and inhibition of secretion from dentinal tubules.
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  • Keh-Min LIU, Seiichiro INOKUCHI
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 143-158
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Prenatal development of the preganglionic nerve endings, satellite cells, and small granular cells in the cardiac ganglia of fetal rat were studied by electron microscope. Ganglia from 14-16, 18, and 20-21-day-old fetuses were investigated. In the developing cardiac ganglia, three types of afferent axon terminals could be recognized distinctly. The type I axon terminals contained small clear vesicles only, and appeared earliest in the 14-day-old fetus. Type II axon terminals contained numerous small clear vesicles and few large dense-core vesicles, and these may be cholinergic nerve endings of vagal origin. The type III axon terminals were characterized by the presence of glycogen granules, small clear vesicles, and numerous large dense-core vesicles, which may be afferent adrenergic nerve endings of sympathetic origin. Type II and Type III axon terminals could be observed at approximately day 15 of gestation. The development of axosomatic synapses was earlier in synaptogenesis than that of axodendritic synapses. Young satellite cells were characterized by large round nuclei and thin cytoplasm layers with a paucity of organelles. Few short cytoplasmic processes projected from the cell bodies. In mature satellite cells, the nuclei were semilunar in shape and were surrounded by little cytoplasm. Numerous branched cytoplasmic processes extended from the cell bodies to enwrapp the principal ganglion cells. The maturation of small granular cells could be divided into three stages: early immature, young, and mature. Three different types of granular vesicles appeared in the periphery of their perikaryon. In the developing cardiac ganglion of the prenatal rat, mitotic small granular cells were frequently encoutered, but only a few mitotic satellite cells were observed.
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  • Hiroshi SAKAGAMI
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 159-164
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Intravenous administration of the protein-bound polysaccharide, PSK, significantly stimulated OK-432-elicited endogenous cytotoxic factor (CF) production in ICR mouse serum fractions. The level of CF elicited after OK-432 administration peaked after 3 hr and declined to the basal level within 7 hr. The CF producibility depended greatly on both the dose and intervals of PSK and OK-432 administration. Among the four different PSK subfractions, the lowest molecular weight fraction (MW<50kD) had the most potent stimulation activity, but it did not exceed that of unf ractionated PSK. This is the first demonstration of the stimulation of endogenous CF production by PSK combined with an eliciting agent.
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  • Miyuki HASHIMOTO, Yuji KIUCHI, Hajime YASUHARA, Katsuji OGUCHI
    1990 Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 165-169
    Published: 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Looomotor activity was observed with and without acoustic buzzer stimulation after withdrawal of multiple methamphetamine (MAP) administration. Male Wistar rats were treated repeatedly with intermittent administration of MAP. Increments of MAP were injected every other day (2.5-10 mg/kg, three or two times per day), to induce reverse tolerance without inducing neurotoxicity. The response to acoustic buzzer stimulation was observed using an open field apparatus. MAP induced and maintained reverse tolerance of stereotyped behavior for at least 4 weeks after the last injection. In the saline control group, increased locomotor activity during acoustic stimulation and its suppression after acoustic stimulation were observed. In the MAP group, however, this response to acoustic stimulation was not seen for 4 weeks after withdrawal of the drug. These data suggest that behavioral hyporesponsiveness to acoustic stimulation was induced by repeated MAP treatment, and that this insensitivity to acoustic simulation is a characteristic behavioral change caused by long-term MAP administration.
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