The purpose of the present study was to clarify the V0₂-HR relationship and oxygen pulse during level walking（ W） and Nordic walking（NW）in 60 to 120m/min. The healthy 7 men subjects who regularly train for five days a week participated in this study. They familiar with Nordic walking and performed the experimental tests with the treadmill. The subjects performed the speed exhaustion tests with treadmill at 5%uphill treadmill under W and NW. 0xygen uptake（V0₂）, heart rate（ HR）, 0xygen pulse were measured during experiments. As a result, the linear V0₂-HR relationships of both walking styles showed the similar result in the slope and the y-intercept. The oxygen pulse showed a significantly higher in NW than W at high speed（ 120m/min） but tended to the higher values than W under the lower speed. In the future,0xygen pulse should be investigated at lower speeds with skilled and unskilled Nordic walker.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the body scale on the passing affordance for elderly people. The body scales of subject here are the width of shoulder, the sixty centimeters width of a wagon, the eighty one centimeters width of a box mounted on the aforementioned wagon. The gate is formed by two poles, one of which lies on a room wall , and the other moves in parallel, so that width of the gate may be varied. The subjects with a variety of body scales , standing at two meters away from the gate, estimate the maximum width of the gate through which he could pass. The affordance consists of the ratio of the predicted width and the actual width. The results shows that the affordance for elderly people consistently lie below unity, which implies elderly people tend to believe to be able to pass through a gate without sufficient margin.

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　The subjects in this study wore a jacket weighing approximately 1 kg as a weight load while performing common daily tasks such as standing and walking. The objective was to investigate whether this approach could be utilized as a fall prevention measure, and this was tested by activating data input from the proprioceptors through the use of mechanical stimulation to those in the intervertebral joints of the lumbar region and the surrounding muscles and tendons. The subjects were 108 healthy, elderly volunteers （mean age: 71.0±2.52years）, who were not certified as requiring nursing care. The intervention group consisted of 55 of these volunteers, while the control group consisted of the remaining 53. The intervention group wore the weight jacket for one year, while the control group led their normal daily lives. The results for the intervention group indicated that the Timed Up & Go test（ TUG）, total length of COP, environmental area,rectangle area, and number of falls all decreased significantly, while the results for the functional reach test（ FRT） improved significantly.These results suggest that weight load on the intervertebral joints of the lumbar region and the surrounding muscles and tendons may prevent falls by improving the sensitivity of the proprioceptors.

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　Objects: The Nagata ward office is developing the “Welcome to walk Nagata town” project to support the daily health promotion of the elderly persons in Nagata ward that makes walking activities. The support letters that the Wellness Network takes charge and the activities to walk in the ward regularly are enhanced at present. In this study, we introduced the support letters and walking events that the Wellness Network is carrying out and examined their significance.Subjects and Methods: The subjects were examined about adult participants who are mainly residence and the working in Nagata Ward during for 2016 to 2018（ 207 persons in 2016, 136 persons in 2017, 139 persons in 2018, respectively, and the discussion period for 2008 to 2018）. The contents that we examined were as follows. 1. The support letter of our meeting for“ Welcome to walk Nagata town” which we published for 2016 to 2018 2. The situation of the walking event that I carried out for 2016 to 2018. Results 1. The mean walking steps in 4 months of the participants were about the 10,000 steps. 2. The participants could know the history in the ward by walk round the noted place and historic sites of Nagata ward. 3. The participants could raise the interest about the making of daily health promotion. Conclusion: The walking event conducted in collaboration with the university that is continuing these events, the administration, and the general incorporated association suggest that the possibility to promote exercise of participant continuation.

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Health and productivity management has been promoted at workplaces in Japan to improve the health of the working age population.We provided a fitness program for people who work at companies and conducted a study aiming to determine how the fitness program impacted the health of people at their workplaces. A total of 115 subjects（average age 41.7±10.2 years） among 11 enterprises in Nagano participated in the program for six months during summer and winter. All the participants were given a pedometer and used a group competition system to enhance their physical activity. Measurements which included anthropometry, blood pressure, physical fitness tests and mental tests were conducted once before the program and once after. Physical activity was observed to decrease during the program.Consequently, VO2max was significantly decreased （p<0.001）. Leg extension strength and flexibility were increased （p<0.05, p<0.001,respectively） and participants showed significant improvement in some negative emotional parameters. This study indicates that the fitness program positively influenced participants both physically and psychologically. However, the amount of physical activity and VO2max did not show improvement. Thus, we must develop fitness programs to enhance the physical activity of people at workplaces.

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　Given functional insoles or common insoles, the subjects were randomly divided into two groups and used insoles for 1 month without being told which insole they were using.　Attached the　Acceleration and gyro sensors were attached to the subject's sacrum and thoracic spine　while they walked for about 10 m, and measurements were taken twice, once without the insole and again with the insole used.We also measured the leg grip strength with a toe muscle strength meter. These measurements were taken before and one month after insoles started being used. As the results of the walking analysis show, the insoles in the intervention group improved their gait, that is to say their sloping gait improved, and even when worn, the impact at the time of heel contact is dispersed, and the impact is equivalent to that when not worn was confirmed. In the general insole of the control group, it was found that left and right stability increases, although it becomes difficult to make it possible for the patient to walk up and down. And it is suggested that it is necessary to consider the shock increase at the time of the heel contact due to the thickness increase of the insole.

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　This is the first trial to compare the trends of researches in walking and running. In this time I tried to categorize the original theses in Academy of sciences in walking and Society for running. As a result, it was proved that walking has been mainly researched in physiology/biochemistry, hygiene and psychology in order. On the other hand, it was proved that running has been mainly researched in physiology/biochemistry, sociology and psychology in order. Both theses didn’t fall into anatomy, anthropology, zoology and ethnology. 　In this time I achieved my purpose to some degree. In the second trial I will categorize research presentations in Academy of sciences in walking and Society of Running based with this result and compare in detail.

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The name Nordic walking was first coined in Finland in 1997, as a generic term for walking using ski poles and trekking poles. Nordic walking was introduced to Japan in 1999.In 2018, over 40 countries, including Japan, have Nordic Walking instructors who had been trained in the international standard system that was developed in Finland. Nordic Walking continues to evolve independently in Japan, and Japan is active in developing new tools and advanced training for instructors. However, because the use of poles is not common in Japanese daily life, it is necessary for current stakeholders, such as the Nordic Walking community and health care providers and local governments, to make continuous efforts to spread Nordic Walking to the general community. A network system that matches the characteristics of the region is constructed, and movements centered on Nordic walking（ Nordic Walking Innovation®） are necessary. In this report, we will focus on the Nordic walking East network, which was established in 2010 by Nordic Walking leaders in the Kanto region, and will report on activities in 2017 and 2018.

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