本研究の目的は, 種々のファイバーポストの疲労抵抗を評価し, 疲労試験前後の微細構造変化をSEM観察することである.試作ポスト (GC fiber post), Para Post Fiber White, FibreKor, DT Light-Post radiopaque, FRC Postec, Luscent Anchorsの6種のポストを評価した.3点曲げ試験は90°の角度で3Hzの条件で200万回まで負荷を行った.SEM観察では, 3段階スケール法により, ファイバー/レジン比とファイバー容積 (面積) とを評価した.疲労試験により, 各群間に統計学的に有意な差が認められた.試作ポストとFRC Postecは, 他の材料よりも優れた耐久性を示した.他のすべての材料は試験途中もしくは負荷終了後に破壊を示した.試作ポスト, DT Light-Post radiopaque, FRC Postecは縦断面, 横断面の両方において, 構造的欠陥がなく良好な状態を示していた.ファイバーポストは材料問でその疲労抵抗に大きな違いがあることが判明した.

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イタリア語左方周縁部における焦点句とwh句の共起は，主文では文法的に不適格であるが，補文内では許容度が向上する。また，焦点句とwh句の共起制限は，焦点句の文法機能によっても左右される。例えば，焦点句が間接目的語であれば，直接目的語の場合に比べて許容度が高い。本論文では，まず，これらの一般化を，文法性判断に関する実験研究により裏付ける。次に分析を提示して，特に，主文と補文の非対称性を，統語と意味のインターフェイスにおける焦点文，wh疑問文の構造から導く提案を行う。この分析は，一般的に二重焦点が排除されることを含意するが，最後に日本語の関連する現象を取り上げて，その普遍性を検証する。具体的には，wh疑問文において観察される介在効果が，同様の分析により説明されること，また，いわゆる多重焦点分裂文がこの分析と矛盾するものではないことを示す。

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Seaweed contains high-density glucose, from which ethanol or materials such as biodegradable plastic, have been recently produced. A floatable block made from waste glass, that saves on labor and costs, has been developed to culture seaweed. The floatable block adhered grownup seaweeds would keep certain degree spacing as leaves of wood don’t overlap each other, and seaweeds in the sea of China had been overgrowing almost uniformly.

Seaweeds collect nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic areas during cultivation. The floatable block would be useful for multi-trophic aquaculture.

As the density of ethanol in the fermenting liquid is low originated from massive water contained in seaweed, the ethanol condensation should be energy saving using super-sonic mist separation method for example.

The material for the floatable block would be supplied from coal ash or incineration ash, and so on by separating rare earth metals and metals using a high-temperature melting furnace. Shortfall in phosphorus supply is feared in the near feature, thereby making it necessary to obtain it from deep sea water through the cultivation of seaweed.

As the exhaust gases from an ethanol-fueled car are more toxic than those from a conventionally fueled one, under low-temperature operation, catalyst activity would need to be assisted by electric discharge with a switching device, namely MOS-assisted gate triggered thyristor (MAGT), which achieves both high speed and high capacity.

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The Ecological Footprint (EF) was co-invented by William E. Rees and Mathis Wackernagel of the University of British Columbia, Canada in 1991. In recent years, the Ecological Footprint analysis has been well recognized and applied in the areas of public policy, planning as well as environmental education in various parts of the world, especially in Europe, North America, and southern hemisphere. Some countries, including Japan, are planning to monitor their EF each year, just as they monitor their gross domestic products (GDP). In this paper, I first present an overview, calculation methods, as well as the significance of the EF analysis in the context of sustainable development. Then, I examine some examples of Ecological Footprint applications in the USA, Europe and Australia. In the latter part of this paper, I explore a possible improvement in the calculation methods associated with nuclear power generation. I present an innovative new method of calculating the Ecological Footprint of nuclear power generation in order to fully incorporate its ‘prolonged impact management (PIM)’ costs which continue to incur, for example, in uranium mine sites at least for more than 10,000 years, and in highly radioactive nuclear waste sites for one million years. An EF calculation of the nuclear power generation in Japan was carried out. The tentative results of this case study were astonishing.

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シゾロドプシンは真核生物の最終共通祖先に最も近縁な現生種のアスガルドアーキアから見付かった光駆動型内向きH⁺ポンプロドプシンであり，アスガルドアーキアが光を使って生きている可能性を示唆するものである．H⁺輸送機構など多くの点でシゾロドプシンは他のロドプシンと異なる．その最新の研究を解説する．

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The townscape of Siena as late medieval city is produced by City Hall with other numerous private palaces. They show the standardized facades with ornamental elements unique to Siena. Before the diffusion of bricks, cavernoso limestone was the typical building material in Siena between 12^<th> - 13^<th> centuries and continuously used for tower-house that had had no ornamental element and also for elegant palaces such as Palazzo Tolomei. The study on the facades of cavernoso and its ornamental elements indicates the origin of the designed facade and its distribution on urban tissue shows the embryo of the Sienese townscape.

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The purpose of the paper is to study the process of cooperation with the participants from definition of local agendas to make the local action plans. I would like to clear up the main point in case of discussion, Valdelsa area and Siena prefecture in Toscana State: The participants, the coordinators and administration thought about the local agendas and the action plans for the system in crossed the administration. The research methodology was to interview different sections of the administration like territory management, environmental policy, the communes as well.

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II giardino di Pratolino e un giardino manienstico costruito per il Granduca di Toscana, Francesco de'Medici (1541-1587) dal 1569 al 1585 Questo giardino attira molti attenzioni degli studiosi come il giardino importante, anche se non rimangono piu gli elementi cinquecenteschi nel giardino Invece, per la mancanza dei testi sul giardino, si mancano le ncerche sull' interpretazione di programma del giardino di Pratolino Per questo, considerando l'interesse del Granduca e altri elementi cultural!, ho mterpretato gli sigmficati delle fonti, delle grotte, ed delle sculture nel giardino, e conclusivamente ho interpretato anche il programma del giardino di Pratolino Francesco de'Medici ha avuto educazione come l'erede del granduca dall'infanzia e visitato tante corti italiane ed estere Dal 1564, comincio il suo mecenatismo ed anche partecipo agh espenmenti scientifici, specialmente l'alchimia nel suo laboratorio In 1569, inizio la costruzione del giardino di Pratolino, che era il piu grande in Europa del Cinquecento La modificazione del terreno, l'imboschiamento degli alberi sempreverdi, e l'uso della tecnica della forza idnca piu moderna significavano la rappresentazione del potere del Granduca di Toscana E il giardino aperto al pubblico sigmficava che il giardino non era piu lo spazio privato, ma uno spazio da mostrare ai visitatori come una propaganda del suo microcosmo e del suo potere Poi le decorazioni del giardino sono state influenzate dai giardini antichi, "II prato di Appennino", "Peschiera" ed "Uccelliera" sono gli elementi mfluenzati dai giardini antichi, come la villa Adriana e la descnzione di Varro, M T Considerando gli sigmficati di tutte le decorazioni nel giardino con uso di simboni alchimistici, ho chianto che il Granduca Francesco I aveva rappresen-tato la grandezza del suo potere assoluto nel giardino e dimostrato la sua esistenza uguale a Dio come il creatore del mondo nel giardino di Pratolino

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