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  • 和田 一成, カリドゥ ロー, 小島 元, 井上 敏夫
    資源地質
    2006年 56 巻 1 号 21-26
    発行日: 2006/05/20
    公開日: 2009/06/12
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 藤井 宏志
    アフリカ研究
    1982年 1982 巻 22 号 20-28
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2010/04/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The Islamic Republic of Mauritania is one of the least less developed countries. G. N. P. per head was only 270 U. S. dollars in 1978. This country has, however, two rich natural resources; the high-grade iron ore and one of the richest marine fishing grounds.
    Since 1959, many foreign fishing fleets from Japan, Spain, Italy, Korea, Soviet Union etc., have been operating to catch fish in this marine fishing ground. The catch consists mostly of mackerels, sardines, shads, breams octopuses, and crawfishes. In 1976, total catch reached to 1570 thousand tons in the Sahara coastal division.
    Since 1972, the government of Mauritania has limited the number of foreign trawlers and levied the tax on trawlers by means of expansion of the territorial waters, to protect the national fishery resource and to grant the profit to Mauritanian fishermen.
    Mauritanian fishery is classified as follows:
    (A) Modernized fishery (trawlers fishing managed by Maurutanian companies)
    (B) Local fisheries.
    (a) Freshwater fishing in the river of Senegal.
    (b) Seasonal migrant fishing by the Imuraquen.
    (c) Local coastal fishing by the Wolof in Mauritania.
    The Japanese government is making the financial and technical aids to (b) and (c). The local coastal fishermen are organizing cooperatives.
  • 宮本 雅行
    日本中東学会年報
    2011年 27 巻 2 号 83-101
    発行日: 2012/01/05
    公開日: 2018/03/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    This article aims at presenting the outline of the form of the Ḥassaaniyya poetry (HP) and its classification. Ḥassaaniyya is the Arabic dialect which is used mainly in Mauritania, where people have developed a distinguished poetry named “laġna” by using their daily tongue. Faced with the lack of comprehensiveness and clearness in previous studies about the subject, the author intends to put in order various previous explanations and expand them through analyzing some sample poems, assisted by a Mauritanian prominent scholar in the HP, Dr. Muḥammad Wuld Ḥẓaana. The paper starts with explaining sounds of the Ḥassaaniyya and the basic terms to analyze the HP. Secondly, it presents the key concepts characterizing the HP; gaaf and ṭalaεa, a variety of the meters, gadaε and sarm, and others. Gaaf or ṭalaεa is decided by the number of the hemistiches and the position of the rhyme. The HP has a variety of meters, basically determined by the number of the syllables in one hemistich, which varies from 1 to 12. Further, the existence of the adjoining two consonants widens the variety of the forms of the poetry. Thirdly, it explains two cases of the mixture of two different types; the mixture of gaaf and ṭalaεa, and the mixture of different meters and/or gadaε and sarm. Fourthly, it presents a long poem and the special form for women. Lastly, it attempts to make a classification of various poems, with detailed description of each form defined by the key concepts. The paper is not but an introduction of the study of the HP, which presents the framework of its form. There remain a lot of aspects that are to be studied.
  • 宮本 雅行
    言語研究
    2010年 138 巻 149-161
    発行日: 2010年
    公開日: 2022/03/08
    ジャーナル フリー

    本稿は,ハッサーニーヤ語(アラビア語・

    モーリタニア
    方言)における基本的な仮定文の形式を明らかにしようとするものである。Cohen(1960)は,ハッサーニーヤ語の仮定文(の前提節)を導入する接続詞として,(イ)mneyn,(ロ)iiḏaまたはiila,(ハ)luu / iluuの3つ(3組)を挙げ,実現可能性がある仮定文では(イ)または(ロ)が,実現可能性がない仮定文では(ハ)が用いられるとしている。しかしながら,筆者の調査では,iiḏaやluu / iluuが用いられる例は見られず,代わりに,ileが実現可能性の有無にかかわらず極めて広範に用いられており,現在あるいは未来の事象を対象とする実現可能な仮定についてはileynも頻繁に用いられることが認められた。また,ileとileynの双方が可能な仮定文に関して,その使い分けに何らかの基準があるのかについて,いくつかの可能性を検討した。

  • 丸谷 雅治, 東原 雅実, 渡辺 寧, 村上 浩康, 小島 元, Boubou DIOUMASSI
    資源地質
    2005年 55 巻 1 号 59-70
    発行日: 2005/05/20
    公開日: 2009/06/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The mining sector in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania was the backbone of the country's economy in the 1960s when Mauritania gained independence from France. However, mineral exploration has been limited due to several factors including the limited availability of geological information, poor legal and fiscal framework and lack of mining sector promotion measures as well as the vast scale of the country, severe climate and lack of infrastructure.
    In response to the request of the Mauritanian Government, Japan International Cooperation Agency conducted "the Study on the Strategic Plan of Mineral Resource Development". A geological survey was implemented from November 2003 to March 2005 in the areas of mineral potential in Mauritania with the purpose of promoting domestic and foreign private investments in the exploration of mineral resources.
    Mauritania comprises five geological provinces. These are the Reguibat Shield, Taoudeni Sedimentary Basin, Tindouf Sedimentary Basin, Mauritanides and Atlantic-Coastal Sedimentary Basin. Major metal ore deposits are distributed within both the Reguibat Shield and the Mauritanides.
    In the central area of the Reguibat Shield, magnetite formations occur in the Archean groups and large-scale highgrade hematite banded-iron formations occur in the lower Proterozoic groups. These deposits are the sources of iron ores that support Mauritania economy. In the southwestern area of the shield, epithermal; and mesothermal gold-bearing quartz network and disseminated deposits (e.g.Tasiast gold deposit) occur in banded iron formations (BIFs) of the Archean greenstone belt. Moreover, gold-bearing quartz vein deposits (e.g.Tijirit Ator gold deposit) occur in the basalt and ophicalcite units.
    The Mauritanides is most significant in copper and gold mineralization among the five geological provinces. These comprise a carbonate replacement magnetite-bearing copper and gold deposits and prospects (e.g.Guelb Moghrein deposit), copper and gold-bearing quartz veins in mafic schist and carbonate (e.g.Tabrinkout prospect), copper (and gold)-bearing quartz veins in andesitic to basaltic volcanic rocks (e.g.Indice 78 and Oudelemguil prospects) and disseminated copper deposits (e.g.Kadiar). The other important deposit type is orthomagmatic PGE-bearing chromite deposits in serpentinite (e.g.Guidimaka).
    In the future, it is desirable that exploration and development focus on gold deposits in the Reguibat Shield, and copper and gold deposits and platinum-bearing chromite deposits in the Mauritanides.
  • 児玉 由佳
    アフリカレポート
    2018年 56 巻 20
    発行日: 2018/02/16
    公開日: 2019/03/22
    ジャーナル フリー HTML
  • ナカニシヤ出版 2019年 v+366ページ
    渡邊 祥子
    アジア経済
    2020年 61 巻 3 号 114-118
    発行日: 2020/09/15
    公開日: 2020/10/14
    ジャーナル フリー HTML
  • モロッコ・モーリタニア・ギニアにおける開発とジェンダー事情から学ぶ
    小縣 早知子
    日本ジェンダー研究
    2001年 2001 巻 4 号 17-34
    発行日: 2001/09/20
    公開日: 2010/03/17
    ジャーナル フリー
    Le Japon, qui occupe aujourd'hui le premier rang en matière d'aide publique au développement, est qualifie de leader parmi les pays donateurs. Ses activités de coopération internationale constituent un de ses plus importants instruments diplomatiques et lui permettent de remplir un role positif dans la communaute internationale. Tout en maintenant cette position de leader dans le futur, le fait de s'attaquer de concert avec les pays en voie de développement aux problèmes auxquels ils font face contribuera également à la promotion de ses propres interets nationaux. Le probleme du genre et du développement est abordee ici dans un tel contexte, du point de vue de la creation d'un partenariat encore meilleur avec ces pays, et des problèmes communs qu'elle souleve pour tous les etres humains appartenant a une meme epoque.
    Dans le present article, nous mettons en evidence la situation actuelle sur le probleme du genre en Afrique islamique, en presentant en exemples le Maroc et la Mauritanie, pays islamiques de l'Afrique francophone, ainsi que la Guinee, pays laique mais ou l'on compte 90 de musulman. Le present article se compose comme suit. Il commence par un survol des prpblemes du genre aux trois pays en presentant des exemples concrets, principalement a la lueur de resultats d'etude de terrain. En suite it effectue un examen des elements communs. Enfin, sur la base de cet examen, une proposition de renforcement (empowerment) au niveau local est presentee pour la resolution de ces problèmes. Il s'agit principalement de sensibiliser et d'eduquer les filles et les femmes, et de creer des opportunites pour qu'elles puissent deployer leur savoir-faire sur la scene sociale, sans toutefois negliger l'importance que revet pour cela la comprehension et la coopération des garcons et des hommes.
    Finalement, une fois termine ce travail de mise en lumiere de la situation actuelle en matière de genre et développement, nous esperons pouvoir attirer l'attention sur nos propres problèmes. Puisque le Japon apporte son aide aux pays en voie de développement a toutes les etapes du processus (propositions de mesures, realisation, puis suivi des projets), de meilleures perspectives de développement et de partenariat ne seront possibles que si le partenaire que nous sommes se libere lui-meme de ses propres problèmes de genre. Il s'agit de ne pas concevoir le probleme du genre comme le probleme de pays lointains et ne nous concernant pas, de ne pas considerer l'aide au développement comme un moyen de promotion des interets du Japon, et de retourner notre regard sur nous-memes. Autrement dit, d'aborder ces problèmes dans ce qu'ils ont de commun a toute l'humanité.
  • 畑中 寛
    日本水産学会誌
    1979年 45 巻 5 号 557-560
    発行日: 1979/05/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The geographical distribution of two subspecies belonging to Sepia officinalis LINNAEUS off the northwest coast of Africa was examined, using the materials collected by Japaese trawlers. Results obtained are as follows:
    (1) The southern boundary of Sepia oficinalis oficinalis is in the vicinity of the Cap Vert.
    (2) The northern boundary of S. o. hierredda is at the latitude of Cap Blanc.
    (3) S. o. hierredda is found mainly in waters shallower than 50 meters and S. o. officinalis is found in every depth until at least 110 meters off the coast of Mauritania where both subspecies have been inhabiting commonly.
  • 渡辺 寧
    資源地質
    2006年 56 巻 1 号 110-111
    発行日: 2006/05/20
    公開日: 2009/06/12
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 高橋 悟, 豊田 裕道, 福永 健司, 高橋 新平, 田島 淳
    農業土木学会誌
    2005年 73 巻 3 号 199-203,a2
    発行日: 2005/03/01
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    アフリカ沙漠地域は, 食料不足・飢餓一貧困・人口増加一樹木伐採・過放牧の沙漠化サイクルの中にある。このような地域の農業・農村開発は, 単なる沙漠緑化ではなく持続的食料生産にまで広げて, 貧困削減につなげることが必要である。そのためにはそれぞれの地域・国の「風土」に適合した持続可能な緑化・農業技術の実践・実証と現地の人々への技術移転が不可欠である。そこで, ジブティを例に実践されている自然条件に適応した緑化工法を述べ, 循環型新生オアシス農業集落形成の提案を紹介する。さらに豊富な太陽エネルギーを活用した空気中からの取水や塩水・濁水の蒸留による清水化などを紹介し,「風土」に適合した農業農村開発の重要性・必要性を述べる。
  • 1958年以降のスペイン領西サハラ植民地の経済と社会
    勝俣 誠
    アフリカ研究
    1986年 1986 巻 28 号 1-26
    発行日: 1986/03/31
    公開日: 2010/04/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Although most African colonies became independent between the late 1950s and early 1960s, Western Sahara remained a Spanish Colony until 1976.
    In February 1976, Spanish handed over the territory to Morocco and Mauritania instead of following the course of decolonization mapped out by the United Nations General Assembly and affirmed by the International Court in an Advisory Opinion rendered in 1975.
    The article attempts to clarify why the Western Sahara nationalist movement for decolonization was formed much later than most other African nationalist movements, which had achieved their independence in the 1960s.
    This time gap in contemporary African context is analyzed in the light of the historical relationship between the Western Sahara people and Spanish colonization.
    Three major findings which resulted from examining the socio-economic aspects of the region are stressed;
    1) the Spanish government, which had previously administered only the Atlantic littoral, extend their effective control throughout the Western Sahara, when it was discovered that it possessed substantial mineral potential in the early 1960s. This discovery, in turn, aroused the acquisitive instance of both Morocco and Mauritania.
    2) Although Western Sahara nomade people had a conception of territory in the forme of grazing grounds, the concept of a linear boundary was foreign to them.
    3) Western Sahara society, which had enjoyed relative autonomy because of the ineffective Spanish colonial administration and the mobility of its nomade society was awakened to its national identity as Spanish colonization was accelerated in order to exploit the area's natural resources.
    Therefore, it could be argued that the time required for the Western Sahara people to achieve independence will depend upon the rate at which the nomade society looses its relative autonomy through their contact with the world economy.
  • 高橋 久光
    熱帯農業
    2005年 49 巻 5 号 350-353
    発行日: 2005/12/01
    公開日: 2010/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 川田 順造
    アフリカ研究
    2013年 2013 巻 82 号 63-67
    発行日: 2013/05/31
    公開日: 2014/03/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • ―セネガル共和国農業実証調査―
    吉田 武彦
    熱帯農業
    1992年 36 巻 4 号 316-320
    発行日: 1992/12/01
    公開日: 2010/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 鈴木 孔
    石油技術協会誌
    2014年 79 巻 2 号 109-113
    発行日: 2014年
    公開日: 2016/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    ICEP was established in 1992 with the aim of contributing to the strategic and efficient promotion of oil and gas exploration and development projects by Japanese companies. ICEP's activities consist of (1) Information Services for member companies, (2) Research and Surveys, and (3) E&P Cooperation with Oil Producing Countries.
    E&P Cooperation with Oil Producing Countries will be described as follows.
    Recognizing that friendly relationships with oil producing countries are mutually beneficial in order to assist in ensuring overall stable and secure supplies of oil and natural gas to Japan, ICEP has been implementing E&P cooperation programs with oil producing countries since 1996. This program comprises of the following three types of projects;
    1) Collaborative R&D Projects
    ICEP implements R&D projects jointly with oil producing countries utilizing personnel and the information/data services of Japanese oil E&P companies for technological cooperation in the field of oil development. These projects utilize advanced technology and processes available and focus on active companies and projects.
    2) Research and Surveys Projects
    With the expectation from oil producing countries of Japanese economic, technological, and political cooperation, ICEP coordinates personnel and investigative projects with Japanese E&P organizations, providing information on oil producing countries.
    3) Personnel Exchange Projects
    To facilitate the advancement of Japanese oil development companies and to strengthen relationships with oil producing countries, ICEP implements personnel and information exchanges such as dispatching missions to oil producing countries and holding seminars inviting principal persons of those countries.
    As the results of these projects, some Japanese companies successfully obtained working interests in exploration and production blocks in Surinam, India and Vietnam and etc..
  • 三船 毅
    選挙研究
    2009年 24 巻 2 号 108-115
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2017/03/31
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
  • 井上 光弘
    農業農村工学会誌
    2015年 83 巻 1 号 11-14,a1
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2021/01/14
    ジャーナル フリー

    乾燥地の持続可能な農業の発展を目指して,砂質圃場の野菜栽培において,リサイクル資材(廃タイヤを原料にしたゴム製多孔質浸潤型地中灌漑チューブと,廃ガラスを原料にした発砲ガラス・ガラスビーズ・土壌改良材)を用いた省力型定水位地中灌漑技術を開発した。適用事例として,

    モーリタニア
    科学技術研究所ならびにケニア農業研究所カトマニ研究センターで実証試験を行い,種々の品種の野菜栽培を行った。その結果,野菜の収量増加と水利用効率の向上を確認した。上記の国際研究協力の研究成果が事業として可能かどうか,セネガルで実証実験と市場調査が行われ,さらに,モロッコにおける野菜栽培ODA事業へと発展した事例を紹介する。国際的学術活動の経験・成果の共有・活用について論じている。

  • 崎浜 秀行
    日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集
    1998年 40 巻
    発行日: 1998/07/18
    公開日: 2017/03/30
    会議録・要旨集 フリー
  • ベスト・ワースト・スケーリングによる接近
    丸山 優樹, 氏家 清和, 入江 光輝, AHMED Cherif, AHMED Bouya Ould
    農業経済研究
    2020年 91 巻 4 号 478-483
    発行日: 2020/03/25
    公開日: 2020/06/25
    ジャーナル フリー

    In West African countries,domestic rice production should be improved to overcome the dependence on imported rice. In order to achieve that,upgrading the domestic rice value chain needs to improve for maintaining high competitiveness of domestic rice relative to imported rice. This study investigates consumer preferences of rice in Mauritania.We used best-worst scaling and latent class analysis. The results emphasize the importance of cleanliness attributes in consumer choice and identify three latent segments: “preferences for price and cleanliness attributes",“strong preference for cleanliness attributes",and “preference for clean rice with high swelling capacity and safety attributes".

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