Aiming to revive the throughly divastated areas of the whole country, in 1950 after the fifth year from the end of the Second World War, National Land Development Act was enacted. However, embodying the aim of the act in the form of plan logged over twelve years later 1962, the Natonal Laved Development Plan as a guidepost for guidig regional or locol economies was formulated.
In 1974, National Land Use Act, that included such a catch phrase as “spatilly balanced development of the country”, which soon became a convenient pretext for every regional and local-governments and interested groups to acquire various kinds of subsidies.
In 1989, in tha midst of inflationary waves of land prices, Basic National Land Act was enacted to check detrimental effects of rising prices by coordinating public interests with private interests.
Following the three acts, five national land devalopment plans, which in fact were only roughly quantitative guideposts were formulated.
In my opinion those acts and plans were some fair but empty declamations because of lacking the efficient power of implementing the plans or guideposts.
Firstly, population movements among localities were belittled, while more 6 million persons, namelg 5% of total population, every year move to another places.
Secondly, adequate and efficient land use zoning is wanting. japanesec communities at various levels lack the stern concept of eminent domain or land expropriation rights for public use, so that better land use is very difficult to attain good urban and rural scapes. In addition to that cadastral survey proceeds very slow, namely onlg a holf of the area to be covered is survayed till now. Promotion of the survey is keenly needed.
Thirdly, integrating physical ond economic planning is needed too, for civil engineering could contribute to construct good looking as well as convenient residenticl and working places.
Finally, it should be recognized that everything depends upon people's conseiences to attain hedonically better communities.
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