The aim of this essay is to describe briefly the significant feature of the official control over the lowly (Eta _??__??_) by the Kyto Deputy Governor (Kyoto-shoshidai _??__??__??__??__??_) and his following in the Edo era.
Through these times, Amabe (_??__??_), Rokujo(_??__??_) Kawasaki (_??__??_), Rendaino (_??__??__??_), Kitakoji (_??__??__??_) and Kujo (_??__??_) became known as the main Eta-villages in Kyoto. In these villages, Eta lived on skinning animals (mainly horses and cattle) and making leather from them. They bore a part in the miscellaneous business about the criminal execution as their duty. The affairs of these six Eta-villages were administered by the five or six seniors (Toshiyori _??__??_) of Amabe-village and Rokujo.
At first, in 1624, Mr. Shimomura (_??__??_) was nominated for the Eta-chief (Etagasira _??__??__??_) by the Tokugawa Shogunate, because of the necessity of keeping public order in Kyoto. With the stability of Shogunate's power, about 1708, the Eta-chief in Kyoto was abolished. Since then, in place of him, the semi-official staff (Shiza-zoshiki (_??__??__??__??_)had control over the lowly. The head of Shiza-zoshiki, Kami-no-zoshiki (_??__??__??_) was composed of the four hereditary families. They conferred together about their official business, as the Eta-Toshiyori did so. On the other hand, in Edo, the lowly was always controlled by the hereditary Etagashira Danzaemon (_??__??__??__??_) through the Edo era. This absolute boss control in Edo formed a striking contrast to the control by the council system in Kyoto.
Thus, we must indicate the following two facts as the feature concerning the official control over the Eta in Kyoto…first, the control by the council system, and secondly, zoshiki's historical continuity from the middle age.
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