1) Feeding habits and nests of the Hokkaido squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris orientis THOMAS, were observed in a wind-shelter belt consisting of Picea excelsa LINK and Populus nigra L. var. italica MOENCH. and in a stand of Abies sachalinensis MAST. in the grounds (50m×110m) of a shrine at Futomi, Tôbetsu Town, Ishikari, Hokkaido. The width of the wind-shelter belt is 55m, the length 2km, and roads (about 10m in width) cross the woods at every 500 meters.
2) One squirrel has resided in every area with a range of 55m×500m of the woods and in the grounds of the shrine, respectively. No data revealed that the animal went out to areas other than its own for hunting food.
3) From fall to spring, cones and buds of P. excelsa and A. sachalinensis and mushrooms were eaten by this animal. The buds were extensively eaten from early winter to late May. There are two types of damage to the buds. One of them is the type where only the buds are cut off to eat, the other is that the animal cuts off a twig with buds and eats only the buds. The latter type of damage was observed only in severe cold mid-winter. In this case, however, slender twigs with a thickness of about 2mm are cut off, short (2cm-3cm), while thicker twigs with a diameter of 4mm-7mm are cut longer (15cm-30cm) .
4) Nine complete nests and twenty abandoned old nests which were built on the upper base of side branches or at the crotched portion of trunks of P. excelsa and A. sachalinensis were observed. There was also a nest which was built in the roof of the shrine and a nest-hole in a tree trunk (P. nigra) . The nests which have an entrance at one side are usually elliptical in form and measure about 30cm in outer diameter, 25cm-30cm in depth, about 12cm in inner diameter of cavity, and about 7cm in depth of the cavity. The outside of the nests usually consists of P. excelsa or A. sachalinensis twigs and the cavity is lined by sasa bamboo leaves and bark of wild vines. The height of the nesting position ranges from 3.5m to 9.8m, with an average of 6.8m. One squirrel has one to three nests and around these there are 2-6 abandoned old nests. In many cases, the nests being used by one animal are situated 50m or more apart from each other in its home range.

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有機塩素系の新殺虫剤であるテロドリン(telodrin)による野ネズミの駆除試験を入ガ岳山ろくで行なった。効力試験にさきだって対象とするハタネズネミの記号放逐試験を行ない,晩秋における生態を観察し,生息数のほぼ2/3の個体が定住していることを確かめた。また,この時期における行動距離は1夜で10～20mのものが多く,まれに30mに達したものがあった。これらの成績と異常発生した場合の生態について比較検討した。
テロドリンは15%乳剤の400ccを水181にうすめたものと,0.5%と2%の粉剤を用い,それぞれの試験区を設けて実施した。各供試物は10m間隔で,直径1.5mぐらいの広さに1カ所あたり乳剤では約600～700ccを噴霧し,粉剤では約100～120gを散布し,翌日から再捕獲したところ,乳剤区では90%を,また0.5%粉剤区でも同じく90%を致死させ,2%粉剤区では100%の効果をおさめた。これによってテロドリンの10m間隔の点状散布は,エンドリンの全面噴霧とほぼ同じ効果を期待できることがわかった。

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The Gem-faced Civet, Paguma larvata, belonging to the Viverridae occurs in southwestern China, Formosa, Indo, Malay, Borneo and Burma. It is divided into eleven subspecies. It has been captured in Yamanashi Prefecture frequently since a few years ago and once in Shizuoka Pref. In the villages of Kunado, Tomisato, Furuseki and Okochi, Nishiyatsushiro-gun, Yamanashi Pref. (see Fig. I), one or two individuals of them have been obtained in every hunting season. The writer got one male which had been captured at Furuseki Village on February 21, 1954. Its measurements are given in Table 1. Some chestnuts and four seeds of the wild pear were found in its stomach.
A pair of the animals was captured in the suburbs of Shizuoka City in Shizuoka Pref, . in December of 1950. In fact, not a few of them are likely to occur in this area, because most hunters know the habits and habitats of this animal. It seems that this animal was imported some fifty years ago, and has become naturalized in Japan.

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The Musashi Imperial Tomb area, situated 40km. to the west of Tokyo has a good forest cover. It was planned to propagate useful small birds for the protection of this forest. Preliminary census of bird population has been begun to obtain data to be used in more detailed study with various instrumental devise now being planned. The results will be published as the study advances, which will be made by Y. Yamashina, N. Kuroda (Yamashina Museum of Birds), T. Udagawa, M. Seki (Forestry Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry), T. Royama (Forestry Section, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University), and M. Uramoto (Biological Inst., Faculty of Sci., The Tokyo Metropolitan University).

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鳥体の大きさは翼長,尾長,〓蹠長,嘴峰長などで表わされる。筆者らは変異を明らかにする目的で農林省鳥獣実験場構内で捕獲されたスズメ成鳥400以上におよぶ個体を測定した。その結果翼長の範囲は61.0～73.0mmが記録された。平均値は67.66×0.25mmが推定され,その頻度分布は正規分布に近い。尾長は50.0～59.0mm,〓蹠長は15.0～19.0mm,嘴峰長は9.0～12.0mm,体重は18.0～27.5gの範囲であった。翼長と各部測定値との相関は尾長が高いが,他は極めて低い。各部の測定値の頻度分布は一山形の連続分布をするので雌雄の判別は不可能である。解剖によって確めた雌6,雄4個体の各部の測定値の平均は各部とも雄は雌よりも大きい傾向にあった。

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ドブネズミによる林木の被害は,未だ報告されていなかつたが,筆者は1953年に長野県下で本種によつて約8町歩の2年生のヒノキ造林地が全滅したのを調査した。この林地には1ヘクタールあたり33-42匹ぐらいのドブネズミが棲息し,アカネズミをこの地域から追い払つた傾向がみられた。この大増殖の原因は1952年のササの結実によるものと考えられる。

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Author's reexamination of White-eyes of the Ryukyu Chain, of which opinions disagree among Kuroda (1923, '25), Yamashina (1933-4), the Hand-List, 1942, Momi yama (1947), etc., resulted as follows:
Zosterops palpebrosa insularis Ogawa...Tanegashima, Yakushima
Z. p. loochooensis Tristram...Amami-Oshima, Kikaigashima to Miyako
Synonymi:Z. P. amami Momiyama, Z.japonicus, subsp. Momiyama(1947)
Z. p. iriomotensis Kuroda...Ishigaki, Iriomote, and adjacent islands.
Synonym: Z. P. japonicus, subsp. Momiyama(1947)
Z. P. yonakuni Kuroda...Yonakuni
Z. p. daitoensis Kuroda...Minami-Daitojima
The status of the race yesoensis N. h. Kuroda of Hokkaido was reconsidered based on all the available 23 recent speciments including author's new material.As the result, the original diagnostic characters were found to be distinct enough to separate it as a race. The material of Hokkaido included two apparent Honshuitype specimens.

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コクガンは四國より未だ採集記録がなく,ただ大正14年1月中旬に高島精一(野鳥5卷1號22頁参照)により高知市浦戸港内にて2羽のものが觀察されて居るに過ぎないが,1947年12月24日高知縣幡多郡宿毛町の松田川河口に於て1羽が採集された。これは四國より本種の確實なる最初の記録である。

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It is hitherto believed that hares (Lepus brachyurus) in Mt. Fuji and its neighbourhood do not change white in winter. But a white male was caught at Odawa, Narusawa-mura, Yamanashi Prefecture, about 1100m high above sea-level on the 30th, January 1957. As its eyes are not red and it has black spots at the tips of the ears, so there is no doubt that it is not an albino.

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宮城県伊豆沼で越冬したマガン,ヒシクイ,シジュウカラガン及びハクガンが,春の渡去に際し,奥羽山腹を越えて秋田県八郎潟水田に下り採餌休息を行なったのち,更に北帰の旅に出発した事実を明らかにした。
日本の本州の東北地方において,太平洋側で越冬した雁の群が,渡去時に奥羽山腹を越えて日本海側に移動することは,従来の文献に記載がないと思われるので,新知見として報告する。

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Coturnix d. delegorguei is, a species of the quail occurring in south-eastern Africa, imported to the United States, being close to the Japanese form, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Dr. S. Makino, Hokkaido University, fixed some embryonal gonads of C. d. delegorguei in California, U. S. A., and kindly placed them at the authors' disposal to investigate the chromosomes. The authors wish to express their thanks to Dr. Sajiro Makino for his kindness in supplying the material and for his helpful advice. Further the authors' cordial thanks are due to the kind supports given by Dr. Jean Delacour, director of County Museum, Los Angeles.
The chromosomes were investigated in the embryonic testes. The spermatogonial metaphase shows 78 chromosomes in _??_ 2n. Morphologically the chromosomes show a distinct demarkation into a macro- and micro-group. The macro-chromosome group comprises 8 pairs, 16 in number. They are represented by aV+bV+cR+dJ+ev+fr+gr+hr. The micro-chromo-somes are 62 in number, varying in shape from short rods to spherulus.
The chromosome of the Japanese Quail, Coturnix c. japonica were studied by Oguma (1938) and revised by Yamashina (1951). The comparison of the chromosomes between the Japanese Quail and the Harlequin Quail revealed that there is an agreement not only in the number of chromosomes but also in their morphological characters, though the length of the largest rod-shaped chromosomes varies in these two species.
It is also noticeable that the karyotypes of these two species of Coturnix and the Chinese bamboo-pheasant (Bambusicola thoracica) are similar to the karyotype of the genus Gallus as Yamashina (1951) has already pointed out.

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The pre-war population of Collared Turtle Dove, Streptopelia decaocto, occupied a rather restricted area, particularly around Koshigaya, in Saitama and parts of adjacent prefectures. After the war, since 1945, it was recklessly shot to the danger of near extinction. In 1948, Udagawa estimated its number as about 60 birds within an area of 2km radius, and it may have been still more reduced later, perhaps to less than 20. However, soon it became protected as a natural monument and the 'prefectural bird' and then showed a steady increase in number.
After 20 years, the author made 21 population censuses by random search method during a period of 1967, Oct. and 1968, June (with 10 more supplemental post-breeding counts of July to Oct., 1968). Its number could be totalized as 580 birds. But, if 86 singing males recorded are regarded as paired breeders, 666 birds may be more accurate. Moreover, when the result of the census made in 1966 by local middle school biology group within its main populated area is considered, the total population may have been at the least 700 birds in 1968. This means about 12 times increase after 20 years. The area of population range was confirmed as 90km² within the total area of 146km² censused, and this is about 7 times spread from the original range in 1948. There are some concentrated areas in the main population range where the density is up to 15 birds/km² but in the peripheral areas of recent range expansion, the density is more or less 1-2 birds/km², the average being 6.4 birds/km² within the total population range. The population counts of main (not total) populated areas had been made in 1959 (141 birds), 1961 (206 birds), 1963 (193 birds), 1966-67 (399 birds) and 1966 (552 birds), by Koshigaya Nishi Middle School and by Mr. Kosugi. Considering these data, a population growth curve is presented.

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The faunal survey of the outskirts of Nagano City (alt. 420-630m) was carried out during the period from December, 1974 to January, 1975. 120 animals belonging to 6 species were collected (Table 1) . It was worth noticing that the red-backed vole, Clethrionomys andersoni were collected at the lowland area (alt. 420-630 m) of the periphery of the cultivated field.

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A male specimen was captured off the coast of Iwate Prefecture and the testis was fixed with Hermann's solution.
The spermatogonial complex was found to contain 84 chromosomes. The macro-chromosome group comprises six pairs, being 12 in number. They are represented by the formula aV+bV+cR+dr+ev+fr. The micro-chromosomes are 72 in number, showing a variation in shape ranging from small rods to spherules.
Based on the observations of the primary spermatocyte the haploid number of chromosomes was found to be 42. This result serves to confirm the diploid number observed in the which contains spermatogonial metaphase.
According to Oguma (1937), the chromosomes of the Leach's fork-tailed petrel (Oceanodromal. leucorrhoa Vieillot) belonging to the related family, Procellariidae, the chromosome formula is given as 6R's+68r's. Thus, the Leach's fork-tailed petrel is remarkable in having the complex no V's and J's.
In comparison with the chromosomes of Puffinus leucomelas here concerned there is no similarity between the two species, so far as the chromosome morphology is concerned.

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