本稿では、「白樺派」として西洋芸術に心酔していた柳宗悦が朝鮮・東洋芸術への美的関心を転換していく過程について、浅川兄弟との繋がりを中心に考察し、柳と朝鮮伝統芸術との関係をより明確にする。柳は、朝鮮在住の浅川兄弟と出会ったことによって、朝鮮伝統芸術の美に目覚め、工芸品の蒐集活動ならびに窯跡現地調査を通して、現場を見据えた研究方法を見出した。そして、柳と浅川兄弟は、自然と人間にはおのずからそれらにふさわしい場所、すなわち「適地」というものが存在するという<思想>を具体的に実現するために、「美術館」の設立運動に取り組んだ。さらに、その運動を通して、柳は、木喰仏像の<もの>とその作者・木喰上人の<ひと>に出会い、ここに日本における民芸運動の出発点とその発展可能性を確信した。そこには柳の朝鮮伝統芸術の研究活動において育まれた<偶然と直覚>が民芸運動の要素となり、西洋と東洋を超越する普遍的な美的感覚を織り成していた。最近相次いで韓国の歴史教科書に柳と浅川巧が取り上げられたり、当時「美術館」の設立運動に好意的な立場であった東亜日報社主催で、韓国初の柳展「文化的記憶-柳宗悦が発見した朝鮮と日本」が開かれたりして、韓国人の強い関心を集めた。このことは朝鮮伝統芸術の研究活動において、柳が東西の区別を越えた普遍的な美観を提供したように、今日の韓国人に昔今の区別を越えた普遍的な美観を形成するきっかけを与えるだろう、と筆者は考える。

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本研究は、中国の近代化政策のもとに急激な変化を遂げている延辺朝鮮族自治州を調査対象とし、の移住・定着そして漢族との混住などを背景にした台所空間における変容過程について道具環境レベルで調査・分析し、社会変容、居住空間変容などの諸側面から台所道具文化のありかたについて考察したものである。調査により、現地調理用具の普及過程、食器素材の変遷、釜屋と居住環境の変遷、台所道具の変遷などについて明らかにし、それらから、中国朝鮮族のエスニック・アイデンティティのあり方を考察した。

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去る1993年7月、朝鮮の国祖檀君を祀る韓国の民族宗教である「檀君教本部聖殿」の教祖で、パクス巫堂(男性降神巫)にして韓国の政財界人のお抱え占い師・霊能師であったK氏が、「ハナニム」の召命によってキリスト教に改宗し、韓国の宗教界に多大なる衝撃を与えている。檀君教教祖の劇的な回心には、朝鮮の宗教史における民族宗教・檀君教とキリスト教間の「ハナニム」-元来の神であるが、今ではキリスト教の神となっている-をめぐる神観念の連係と相剋が絡んでいると思われる。本稿では、K氏のキリスト教改宗の顛末を、の始祖檀君との接神からイエス迎接に至るまでのK氏の霊的体験を中心に見てゆき、教祖論を展開しながら、韓国の民族宗教とキリスト教の彼方に広がる「ハナニム教」の地平を仰いでみたい。

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This paper is a part of my study on “Rendering of Place-names in Manchu-Korean Border Region”, and aims to clarify spatial concept of this region in terms of area, historical background and characteristics, etc., The Manchu-Korean Border Region used herein is, roughly speaking, meant to designate the area extending over the northern Korea and the south-eastern Manchuria, where the Nüchên or Manchu language spoken exclusively has been substituted by the Chinese and Korean languages, and some traces of the Nüchên language have been left and survived in some of the present place-names rendered in the Korean and Chinese languages, or daily words of the present inhabitants there.
I lay down six boundary lines marking off the region. They are as follows: -
(1) the earlier southern boundary line linking Uiju near the mouth of the Yalu, Unsan and Maengsan in the central divide mountains, with Chigyong on the coast of the Tongjosan Man, which, almost coinciding with the northern boundary line of Lo-lang province, one of the Four Provinces in Korea established by the Han dynasty, was the Kaoli Chaohsien's Great Frontier Wall line constructed against her northern neighbour-bounding tribes of Nüchên, and separting Korea from her neighbouring tribal states.
(2) the newer southern boundary line linking Paektu San with the Yalu Kiang and Tumen Kiang, which was regulated, on the treaty of Ch'ing or Manchu dynasty with Lee Chaohsien in the year of 1627 A. D., as a criterion line which any Chinese or Korean was prohibited to cross, i.e., the southern limit line of the no-man's land established between the two states under the Ch'ing's hard pressure on Lee Chaohsien to make the latter set a neutral space of unoccupied and desolated land; in some places on the line such as Hoeryog and Kyongwon in the Tumen valley, and Chungkiantai near Uiju in the Yalu valley, border fairs for trade were established and authorized by the governments of the two states.
(3) the outer northern boundary line running along the divide of Lao Yeh Ling and the the river of Huafa Ho, which had actually been a northernmost line, in the period of Ch'ing China-Lee Chaohsien, reached by Korean smugglers seeking for carrots, timber, gold, or land for cultivation, etc.; the north-eastern part of which, the line of Lao Yeh Ling, is identified with the northern boundary line of Kientao province in the period of Manchoukuo.
(4) the inner northern boundary line running from the mouth of the Tumen Kiang, going up the river via Hunchun to Tumen, from there along the Hailan Ho, the divide of the Changpai Shan, the Hun Kiang to the midway between Fenghwang-pienmen on the Ch'ing's Liaotung Frontier Palisade, and Uiju on the lower Yalu valley, which I decide to be regarded almost identical with the northern limit line of the no-man's land mentiond above, which was obscure in the official documents of the two states' governments, based on the boundaries betweeen China and Korea shown on the map made by Du Hald according to the memorandum of Regis who was a French and surveyed this border region in 1709, and on the map made in 1890 by Hun Tiao, who was a Chinese, according to the Russian maps of Russo-Chinese border region.
(5) the western boundary line to be identified with the south-eastern part, from Yingo-men to Fenghwang-pienmen, of the Ch'ing's Liaotung Frontier Palisade, the north-eastern land beyond which was regulated by the Manchus as the no-man's land into which any Chinese or Korean was prohibited to enter in order to protect their native land from neighbour-bounding people's invation in the early period of the dynasty, although the regulation was practically obliterated in the latter period of the dynasty.
(6) the eastern boundary line of the present border line between China and U.S.S.R., which I lay down for convenience'sake.
The Manchu-Korean Border Region, in its essene, is to be originally defined as the

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