Recently some local governments and related organizations have begun to manage the course of volunteer's promotion, because the citizens improve the concern for the social and environmental contribution activities. But it is not made to the fixed form of the program about the green space maintenance and creation activities. So this paper aims to understand the relation between content of program and result, and also to clarify the effective program of volunteer's promotion. As the results, the purpose and the content of the course that has already been executed are various, and it is difficult to say that the curriculum suitable for a main purpose is united. On the other hand, the program of the course that the result has been achieved lectures the meaning of maintenance and greening openspace at first. It is thought that the activity purpose can be clarified. And it attend the lecture of the organizational operation, they organize the activity group by themselves and develop the activity while attempting the cooperation of the group. And also the continuance of the activity rises by after following, it found the economic support alone doesn't limit that it is effective.

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In trend of increasing of urban park renovation projects, it has been becoming important that information about purpose of the park or policy of the plan will be reserved and utilized for planning of the renovation project. But, in local governments many documents about original plan of parks have been disposed under ‘Official document control system’. In this situation, ‘Urban park ledger’ is the only document that basic information about all urban parks in the city are recorded and reserved eternally and it is thought that the ledger has potential to hand down the information about the contents of original plan. So, we researched about actual format and content of the ledger in all ordinance-designated cities and consciousness of the person in charge about the ledger. As the result, we got following conclusions. Many city governments adjust the format and contents of ledger to match the needs of park management administration. They are thinking that the quantity and quality of actual ledger are not enough for future planning of park renovation projects and for future renovation project planning to add records about inventory of planning works and the position of the park in other regional plan of the city is effective and feasible.

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Many local governments in the area struck by the Great East Japan Earthquake incorporated construction plan of memorial parks which transmit memories and lessons of earthquake disaster into the restoration plans from the earthquake disaster. But there is no model design plan, or management plan to be referred for the planners who will make these plans. On the other hand, in Hyogo Prefecture there are many parks and park facilities which were constructed in the restoration projects after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster to transmit memories of the earthquake disaster and have been managed for these nearly fifteen years at the longest. So, this research is aimed to get many suggestions for design and management plans of earthquake disaster memorial parks which will be constructed in East Japan, by analyzing present situation and the past history of earthquake disaster memorial parks in Hyogo Prefecture. As the results, we made clear that 1) Facilities in memorial parks which transmit memories of earthquake are classified into four groups of facilities for transmitting the memories or lessons and one group of facilities for giving benefits to users, 2) Facilities for transmitting the memories or lessons are thought to be effective by the managers, 3) Remains of earthquake should be conserved against disapproval of citizens in early time, because the needs for conservation increase later according to citizens’ consciousness changes, and so on.

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The Arimafuji Park Management/Planning Council was the first council to be established in prefectural urban parks in Hyogo. This council had held 28 conferences from 2000-2010. We broke contents of these discussions down into patterns and grasped them. Additionally, we sorted out 6 disputed issues that we discussed at conferences and we conducted hearings with prefectural officials in charge. Based on this survey, we highlighted issues and prospects of the park management. We suggested followings were important: 1. to define the role of the council and clarify a measure for realization of citizens’ proposal on the council, 2. to establish an information sharing system among the administration and private sectors, 3. the administration would adjust the widespread utilization of parks among departments, and 4. to define a concrete division of roles for planning and maintenance among the administration and citizens.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify actual situations of "open garden" activity from the perspectives of how participants start and how long they engage in the activity, and to examine the activity's continuity. As a result of questionnaire surveys conducted at 55 "open garden" activity sites, it was revealed that: (1) The longer the period a group of flower enthusiasts is involved in the activity, the more actively they engage in activities for exchange and information gathering as a regular hobby; (2) If the activity is encouraged by administration, the shorter the period of activity, the more administrative support is received to increase the number of visitors and participants as an activity for a limited time; and (3) While cooperative activities between administration and participants are increasing, the role administration plays in the continuation of the activity is becoming increasingly important.

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本研究では、臨海部の埋め立て地の植栽地について、生態的な視点からの現況を明らかにすることを目的とし、緑地環境調査に基づいた基礎データを作成し、公園緑地の緑地環境の分析を行った。対象地は川崎臨海工業地域であり、45の公園緑地を対象とした。自然秩序的な植生成立は望めない埋立地においては、人為的な植栽種選択や管理がより強く作用した形で存在する緑地に対し、層土壌から草本層、低木層、中木層、高木層に分解し、その構成を基礎データとして整備することで、人工基盤の上に成立する緑地環境を立体的に表わした。対象地域内の公園緑地の制度と整備年代を、公園台帳をもとに整理し、作成した植栽地緑地環境の基礎データを用いて、公園種別ごとの植栽地の特性について分析を行った。今回の手法は、緑地の構成と管理状況について明らかにし、その緑地環境の生物生息基盤としての展開を表層土壌から説明するものであり、特に階層構造が自然植生との大きな違いとなっている高木植栽や中木植栽において適した手法であるといえる。この手法により、当該地の公園緑地における階層性の欠如を明らかにした。

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地域での緑化活動への参加意識を醸成するための一般市民を対象とした講座において, 受講によって高まった緑化活動への参加意識を修了後も維持し, 実際に緑化活動への参加を誘導していくためには, 講座修了後も引き続き, 地域での活動に役立つようなサポート対策が不可欠であると考えられる。このため, 兵庫県における花と緑のまちづくり指導者養成講座の修了生に対して種々のサポート対策を行った上で, 修了半年後にアンケートを行い, どのような対策が地域での活動や活動参加意識を維持する上で役だったか, 今後どのような対策を望むか等を把握した。この結果具体的な活動の場の設定や継続的な情報発信が有効であることなどが把握された。

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In trend of increasing of urban park renovation projects, the role of official documents which includes various information about purpose of the park or policy of the plan has becoming important for planning of renovation project. But, in local governments many documents about original plan of parks have been disposed under ‘Official document control system’. In this situation, we researched about preserving conditions of official documents relating to park planning and design, and consciousness of the person in charge about park planning. As the result, we got following conclusions. In most cities, many official documents are disposed after the end of five years preservation term, but some documents are remaining unofficially. Staffs of local governments have concerns about this situation and have expectation to theses unofficial documents and formal documents under legal system, such as ‘Urban parks ledger’, ‘Urban planning document’ for preserving information in these documents. But what system is effective and feasible will be an issue to be resolved.

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In recent urban park renovation projects, many private business projects are expected to join in. To invite these projects, it is necessary for city governments to prepare application guidelines to carry out public offering. But these types of guidelines were new and difficult to the most staff of city governments not having enough experiences to prepare. In this research, we carried out interviews and questionnaire to the staff who experienced preparation of application guideline, and analyzed contents of guideline documents, in order to get useful information to unexperienced staff of similar projects. As a result, we found out that they made more efforts to explain about ‘city government’s expectation to applicants’, ‘reason or purpose of introducing private business project and role of the park in the area or role of the facility in the park’, ‘rules and regulations that applicants have to obey’ and ‘items that city government can offer to applicants’, while ‘Urban park act’ and ‘The guidebook of Park-PFI’ don’t put emphasis on these items. According to these researches, it is important to give city government staff these types of information to successfully invite private business project in urban parks.

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本稿は、岩手・宮城県の沿岸地域における東日本大震災の27件の復興計画を対象に、計画に位置付けられた95の震災伝承事業を抽出した。これらは、施設整備、記録整備、教育・訓練、観光・交流、その他の5種類の事業に分類された。施設整備として最も多かった事業は、復興祈念公園等の整備だった。そこで文献調査により、復興計画に復興祈念公園等の整備を位置付けた12の市町村が、震災伝承を実現するための具体的手法を明らかにした。手法は、震災遺構の保存、高台の造成、碑・モニュメントの建設、展示施設の開設、海岸林の造成、ガイドツアーの実施、参加型管理運営の実施、メモリアルイベントの実施、湿地や池沼の造成の9つに分類された。

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Green spaces in residential areas have various functions, such as for recreational activities, making the place beautiful and so on. In this research, we investigated the economic effect of green spaces on the land prices in the residential area of Sapporo City, through an environmental economics technique. Factors contributing to the formation of the posted land price for the residential area in Sapporo City were identified by the hedonic approach. Results showed that the size of the nearest park or the ratio of green space surrounding the land contributed to the formation of the land price in addition to the area, shape, zoning and the access conditions such as the distance to the closest station and school. Therefore, the building and conservation of green spaces seems to be one clear option for raising the asset value of the residential area.

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都市・市街地に存在する個々の公園の緑地は，そのさまざまな機能が公園利用上だけでなく周囲の住環境保全にも重要なものとして，生活者に無くてはならない社会的資産である．しかし，近年は増大する雑草の猛威と非科学的かつ粗放な管理の横行で劣化が進行している．本稿では，まず都市公園の整備実態，公園緑地の機能等について概説し，次いで関東・関西地方を中心に77公園で実施した，雑草の繁茂状況と管理に対する現場調査の結果および調査過程で知り得た関連の事実を紹介した．そして，これを踏まえた公園緑地の雑草管理における課題について考察した．記録された発生雑草種数は333種にわたり多様であったが，広域的に多くの発生が見られた種には植栽の種類による特徴がみられた．公園緑地の主要部分を占める広場芝生（広場施設）と景観芝生（修景施設）では，共通的にスズメナカタビラ，シマスズメノヒエ，メヒシバ，オヒシバ，シロツメクサ，オオバコが主要草種であったが，単立木株元ではこれらの他多年生大型種が，低木植込みでは多年草やつる性雑草が目立った．地域による大きな差異は見られなかったが，整備時期が新しい公園で大型多年草の繁茂が多かった．管理は芝地を中心に年間2～4回の刈取りで行われていたが，調査公園の86%が管理のすべて～一部を外部委託していた．結論として，公園管理責任者の地方公共団体と現場の実施者との乖離という体制的不備と関係者の植物（植栽および雑草）への意識レベルの改善が，雑草を知って管理の適切化を図る以前の課題であることが分かった．

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