本論文は,「民主的社会」において,主に学校教育などで見られる児童の「民主的思考」の形成や「民主的手続き」の習得に関わる場面について,その功罪を取り上げながら,民主主義の課題である「マイノリティへの配慮」について検討し,次世代へ「平和で民主的な」社会を引き継ぐための認識を再確認することを目的とする。児童のマイノリティに対する意識を探るために,「社会的弱者」とされる場合が多い「身体障害者」の文献などを中心に検討する。

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The purpose of this paper is to sociologically examine the difficulties associated with disfigurement and the strategies for coping with this by using the life-stories of women with such facial disfigurement. The first part of this research is based on life-story interviews and examines the "lived time" of individual respondents. In contrast to Goffman who adopted a synchronic approach that focused on the fixed scene of social interaction and described how stigmatized people survive their situation, I examined the total lives of women with facial disfigurement diachronically. I found that women did not think camouflage makeup was always all-purpose. Camouflage makeup brings out both good and bad points, something that those who provide makeup service should consider in supporting those with facial disfigurement.

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本研究では視対象の多い都心部河川の船上景の変化や人々の注視を明らかにし、注視の動態を把握するために、船で移動中の被験者に装着したウェアラブルカメラによって撮影したVTRや船に固定したカメラによって撮影したVTRを用いて注視行動特性を分析し、以下のことを示した。(1)被験者は注視活発タイプと注視不活発タイプに分けられ、注視は注視対象の位置によって沿川注視と流軸注視に分けられた(2)沿川注視と流軸注視ともに、注視を行う距離と仰角、水平見込角にはそれぞれ単純相関が見られた (3)沿川注視と流軸注視という特性がある中でも、それらが混在する区間では流軸注視が短時間になるという特性から、沿川注視と流軸注視の連続的な関係が見られた

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産業間の関連性として，これまでは生産コストの削減を図る垂直的関連性が着目されてきたが，一方の産業の衰退に引きずられるリスクが大きく，取引関係が持続できるとは限らない．本研究では，産業間の関連性を拡張したうえで，そのつながりからイノベーションに役立つ情報を入手して，自らの生産を有利に展開している企業があると考え，地域における関連産業の存在が生産性に与える影響の分析を行った．すなわち，ある産業に分類される事業所のうちで，異なる産業の品目を生産している事業所の割合を表す同時生産率を定義し，これを用いて地域の関連産業の存在程度を計測した．そのうえで，業種別の生産関数を都道府県別データを用いて推計し，関連産業の存在による影響が有意にみられる産業が多いことを示した．今後の産業政策として，垂直的関連性を生かして生産コストの削減を図るだけではなく，既存の産業と関連性のある産業を誘致してクラスターを形成し，事業所間の交流の活性化を図ることによってその地域ならではのイノベーション力を強化することが重要となる．

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Government expenditures for small island communities (villages and towns) usually have little impact on economic development such as increase of production and employment. However, a good example of such positive effect is provided by Kitadaito island, which is an island village approximately 12 km² lying 360 km away from the main island of Okinawa Prefecture. Kitadaito shows the highest per capita income in the entire prefecture and has almost full employment. This paper presents an investigation of relevant features of Kitadaito in order to determine the impact of public investment, particularly on agricultural improvement. The result of the investigation has implications for sustainable development.
Procedures include usage of (1) the Cohort Method for projected population estimates, (2) Input-Output analysis for measurement of economic effects, including employment, and (3) an inhabitants-preference questionnaire for evaluating quality of life.
Defining characteristics of Kitadaito economic development are found in: (1) high per capita public finance, (2) highest growth rate attributed to the agriculture sector, which is distinctive for (3) efficient mechanization of large-scale sugarcane farming.
According to Input-Output Table Analysis for fiscal year 2000, the economic distribution of the 1.9 billion Yen public investment for production accounts for approximately 44% of value added figures and nearly 79% of employment within the village. Such figures indicate that the Kitadaito village economy is heavily dependent upon public investment.
In fiscal year 2000, the population was 671 and public investment totaled 2.41 billion Yen. According to Cohort Method Estimates, the population may increase to 825 in fiscal year 2005, to 998 in fiscal year 2010, and to 1, 529 in fiscal year 2025. To accommodate this estimated population increase appropriately and equitably, public investment must necessarily increase by the following amounts: 555 million Yen for 2005 fiscal year, 1, 175million Yen for fiscal year 2010, and 3, 080million Yen for fiscal year 2025.
The Koizumi cabinet is presently promoting a three-part structural reform rapidly and strongly. Such a reform will effectively bring about hardship for most local governments. In such an economic environment, increase in public investment for remote island villages is highly unlikely. The consequence of reduction in economic support for villages such as Kitadaito may be more than reversal of the recently established ideal development; it may be the complete impoverishment and depopulation of the island community.

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