Demand for use of natural additives such as nutraceuticals, antioxidants, coloring and flavoring matter is continuously increasing world over. It is due to nutritional awareness among the masses and belief that most of the natural products are safe for human consumption. Interest has been shown recently on the use of natural antioxidants from oil seeds. Hence, oils obtained from sesame (Sesamum indicum) had been utilized for this purpose. Oils were thermally treated (T) to enhance the sesamol content from 4,900 to 9,500 ppm. A portion of resultant oil had been extracted with ethanol in a controlled conditions to yield a concentrate (ESSO-T) with sesamol content of 28,500 ppm. Whereas another portion after silica gel column separation yielded a concentrate (SSO-TFII) with sesamol content of 27,100 ppm. Refined sunflower oil without antioxidant was mixed with ESSO-T and SSO-TFII separately at the level of 2,000, 1,000, 500 and 200 ppm and its storage stability assessed was at ambient (22-28°C) and elevated (37 °C) temperatures. Peroxide value (PV) and Free Fatty Acid content (FFA) of samples were estimated at intervals of 2 weeks for a total storage period of 12 weeks. Results indicated that ESSO-T at the level of 500 ppm had maximum protective effect on refined sunflower oil, where PV and FFA were found ranging between 2.1 to 5.9 and 0.10 to 0.15%; and 4.1 to 9.8 and 0.11 to 0.21% for samples stored at ambient and elevated conditions respectively. The storage stability of this sample was very close to the storage stability of sunflower oil containing TBHQ at 200 ppm. Comparatively in sunflower oil without antioxidant PV and FFA had gone up from 2.0 to 45.4 and 0.11 to 1.3% at ambient and 2.0 to 56.4 and 0.11 to 2.8% at elevated temperatures.

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生下時より全身が光沢のある緊張の強い膜様物に覆われ，典型的なcollodion とおもわれる生後3日の男児について報告した。本症例は生後2日目ころより下腹部・大腿よりしだいに大葉性の落屑をきたし，生後20日ころには膜はほぼ完全に剥脱し健常皮膚に復した。このような経過をとるものは比較的まれなものであり，新生児生理的落屑の重症なものと考えられる。電顕的観察もあわせて報告した。

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Abandoned babies and

dumping cases are one of the most crucial problem in Malaysian communities. Despite the existence of the 24-hour helpline and the -hatch, the dumping cases remained increasing yearly. One of the reasons is the unwillingness of the ’s parents for their identities might be discovered if they used the helpline or the -hatch. Therefore, in this paper, a team consisted of Japanese and Malaysian students in Model Based Creative Design project suggested a solution for this problem by initiating the idea to create an autonomous carrier for saving abandoned babies. This autonomous carrier will move autonomously once the was placed safely at one drop point to the closest hospital/orphanage. The idea was then validated by identifying needs and awareness thru survey, searching for similar idea/invention in research paper, journal and patent, designing the concept and prototyping the design of the autonomous carrier. The prototype of the autonomous carrier was named “Keep the Safe. It is hoped that this idea will be utilized and the parents that wished their identity to be remained unknown will be benefitted and will reduce the number of -dumping cases in Malaysia.

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This study shows when wheelchairs and carriages begin to move at a gentle slope in a certain angle of inclination. We used a swing road to experiment with wheelchairs and carriages for an angle of inclination to see when they begin to move.
Results of Experiment:
1. Wheelchairs and carriages will not move if the frame sat down cross position from incline.
2. If the frame is moved in the direction of the incline, the angle of 1-2 degrees begins the wheelchair to move downward and 2-3 degrees for carriage.

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Unlike the conventional parent-led weaning,

-led weaning (hereafter referred to as BLW) is an approach that proposes harnessing the babies' own eating abilities by allowing them to choose what they want to eat based on their interests, and eat at their own pace. BLW is currently gaining ground around the world. Interestingly, in Japan, a book on BLW was translated into Japanese in 2019. Based on foreign literature, there is a possibility that BLW may lead to iron and zinc deficiencies compared to conventional weaning; however, there was no significant difference in choking risk. Benefits such as less food pickiness and less worry about becoming overweight due to self-regulating eating as a satiety response were identified. Overseas, based on the results of BLW and TW (traditional weaning) research, weaning methods for infants are being considered. In the future, while paying attention to safety issues such as choking, we will devise ways to proceed with weaning in consideration of the Japanese diet, and will promptly accumulate BLW research from related fields in Japan. We believe that this would influence the practice of BLW in Japan and its subsequent dissemination.

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父親があやす行為として, 患児を頭上約50cm投げあげ受け止める行為を数回繰り返したのちに発症した5カ月のshaken syndromeを報告した.入院時より呼吸管理を必要とし, 頭蓋内出血, 両側眼底出血, 痙攣重積が認められた.現病歴の聴取から本症候群と診断され治療された結果, 比較的良好な経過をたどった.父親に揺さぶりの危険性の自覚はなく, また外表上, 患児には虐待を示唆する徴候は認められなかった.本症候群を発症した状況は子育てという日常生活の中にあり, 本症候群の危険性に対し注意を喚起する必要がある.

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The purpose of this research was to solve the problems in the use of the stroller. The approach was conducted by thinking about the material and the frame shape. The first stage of the research was to carry out a questionnaire to identify the problems in the use of the stroller. Then, a stroller designed as a sling using three dimensional knitting and a stroller flame was produced. Finally, a road test with the stroller was carried out. The following results were obtained: (1) The body was sufficiently supported by the knitting; (2) The body vibration was greatly reduced with the new design of the stroller.

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Sweet potatoes sometimes sprout the purple color of stems with several small leaves in the house pantry. In the present study, we investigated the trophic hierarchy between a mother sweet potato and its sprouts grown without any light in a dark house pantry, based on stable nitrogen isotopic composition (δ¹⁵N,‰ vs. AIR) of glutamic acid and phenylalanine. The isotope data reveal that glutamic acid has a significant ¹⁵N-enrichment (by 6.9‰) from the mother sweet potato to its sprout while phenylalanine has a little ¹⁵N-enrichment (by 0.6‰) between them. Interestingly, the isotopic heterogeneity found within the sweet potato is very similar to the isotopic discrimination generally found in the combination between plants and herbivores during grazing food webs (ca. 8.0‰ for glutamic acid and ca. 0.4‰ for phenylalanine). These results suggest that the proteins in the mother sweet potatoes are major resources for not only proteins in their sprouts but also growth energy in the sprouting, when they are grown heterotrophically without any light.

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J'ai observe le -talk de la mere dans le cadre des interactions verbales et non verbales pour elucider le processus d'acquisition de la langue du bebe. En ce qui concerne le moyen d'analyse, j'ai enregistre leurs echanges et note les elements essentiels. Ce qui est interessant dans mes corpus, c'est la presence de messages s'appuyant sur la dimension pragmatique (onomatopees, interjections, marques enonciatives de la troisieme personne,..). La fonction poetique definie par JAKOBSON (pp.213〜222) occupe une place importante dans le -talk.

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To estimate iodine and chromium intake in Japanese infants dependent on commercial

food and human milk, 53 commercial food samples (24 samples for ≥ 7-month-old and 29 samples for ≥ 9-month-old ) were collected and their iodine and chromium concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The iodine concentrations were markedly elevated by the use of kombu or hijiki and their medians (25-75 percentile) in food for a ≥ 7-month-old and a ≥ 9-month-old were 30 (21-103) and 42 (27-1045) ng/g wet weight, respectively. Mean iodine intake by 6 to 8-month-old babies and 9 to 11-month-babies was estimated to be 144 and 691 μg/d, respectively although their medians were estimated to be 89 and 84 μg/d, respectively. On the other hand, chromium concentrations (median (25-75 percentile)) in foods for a ≥ 7-month-old and a ≥ 9-month-old were 12 (7-12) and 10 (7-16) ng/g wet weight, respectively. Mean chromium intake by 6 to 8-month-old babies and 9 to 11-month-babies was estimated to be 8 and 10 μg/d, which were about 10 times higher than the value shown as the Adequate Intake in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese. These results indicate that intermittent high-iodine food ensures sufficient iodine intake, and chromium intake is increased in Japanese infants after beginning to eat food.

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 Recently more rooms where people can breastfeed, give formula to their infants, and change diapers are being provided in commercial facilities and public spaces. The government and local organizations started to set the guidelines for planning and designing rooms, but these didn't show specific policies and have not been examined by researches. Therefore, there are a number of non-user-friendly and uncomfortable rooms in many facilities.
 The ultimate objective of this series of papers on the study of rooms is to formulate a set of clear guidelines on the planning and designing of rooms. As a first step, this study put its focus on diaper changing zones. Some factors, such as scale, arrangement, and equipment of rooms are discussed.
 Observation surveys on user behavior were conducted in three commercial facilities in 2014. In addition, four types of surveys were investigated so far. The guidelines should be examined in consideration of all analyses based on those surveys.

 The guidelines on diaper changing zones in rooms taken from our analyses are as follows:
 1. A diagram which can calculate proper number of changing stations correlating to the number of uses per hour was developed. Definitely there are many factors relating to it, but it is useful to grasp the number of changing stations easily as an indication.
 2. The arrangement should be examined considering not only changing stations but the location of stroller parking, temporary storage spaces for baggage, and trash bins in relation to the changing stations. A model plan of a diaper changing zone has been drawn based on this policy.
 3. The layout of hand-wash basins, height and weight in meters, drink vending machines, and others such as visual acuity charts are shown. Among them, hand-wash basins are necessary in rooms, but the others are not always required to be equipped. Designers or facility managers should investigate the balance of user services and fundamental function: changing diapers.
 4. Diaper changing zones should be located taking into account the connection to other zones, such as breastfeeding zones and rest zones.
 5. To maintain safety, the most important thing for rooms is to prevent falls from the top of diaper stations. Close layout between diaper stations and trash bins is also effective from the perspective of safety in that people can throw away dirty diapers without leaving the stations their babies lie on.
 6. Not only mothers, but fathers, siblings, grandmothers and grandfathers also have access to rooms. Therefore rooms should be designed to match the needs or preference of various people. For example, overly sweet decorations or pink colored walls should be avoided, providing a sofa where elderly people can sit and rest may be desirable. But, as experts with deep knowledge on children suggested, rooms responding to all kinds of needs are not always necessary, the essential point is to design sufficiently balanced rooms, based on both users' and facility managers' points of view.

 These guidelines are the first ones based on the research that clarifies the behavior of users; it will be practical for both designers and facility managers. Accordingly, it will contribute to provide user-friendly and comfortable rooms, and finally, it will benefit the quality of life of infants, children and their parents. A further study of the guidelines on other zones such as breastfeeding zones and rest zones should be investigated, and ultimate guidelines on rooms will be formulated comprehensively based on all our studies.

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A food composition table was prepared for estimating the dietary composition of retort-packaged food to use in surveys on the dietary intake of infants. The food composition table was based on estimates by several registered dietitians of the ingredients and weight of food in retort-packaged food according to product photographs and the nutritional facts label on the packages. The data were prepared from 124 food products with high market share according to a point of sale database. The estimated weights of ingredients per 100g of food were 16-26g of rice or noodles, 6-9g of meat, fish, or hen's egg, and 19-32g of vegetables. These weights were less than those empirically recognized by the dietitians. This suggests that dietitians tend to over-estimate the weights of protein foods and vegetables which are the main ingredients in food. The estimated food composition of retort-pack-aged food was statistically classified into six types to provide a standardized tool for surveying the energy and 42 nutrients in infant food.

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