Moodle は学習履歴として様々なデータを記録・保持している．しかし，学習分析や教学IR といった観点から記録したログを利用しようとする場合，その抽出にあたっての機能はやや不十分であるといえる．今回，Moodle のプラグインの１つであるConfigurable Reports を用い，目的に応じてデータベースより直接情報を抽出することを試みた．この結果，フォーラム上での投稿傾向やMoodle そのものの活用状況などを抽出することができた．データ抽出時の負荷などを考慮すると抽出用の

には改善の余地が残されているが，これらは学習者支援あるいはFaculty Development の検討を行うための基盤データとして利用可能と考えられる．

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An injection attack is one of the most serious security threats to web applications. It allows an attacker to access the underlying database and execute arbitrary commands, which may lead to sensitive information disclosure. The primary way to prevent injection attacks is to sanitize the user-supplied input. However, this is usually performed manually by developers and so is a laborious and error-prone task. Although security tools assist the developers in verifying the security of their web applications, they often generate a number of false positives/negatives. In this paper, we present our technique called Sania, which performs efficient and precise penetration testing by dynamically generating effective attacks through investigating queries. Since Sania is designed to be used in the development phase of web applications, it can intercept queries. By analyzing the queries, Sania automatically generates precise attacks and assesses the security according to the context of the potentially vulnerable slots in the queries. We evaluated our technique using real-world web applications and found that our solution is efficient. Sania generated more accurate attacks and less false positives than popular web application vulnerability scanners. We also found previously unknown vulnerabilities in a commercial product that was just about to be released and in open-source web applications.

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An injection attack is one of the most serious security threats to web applications. It allows an attacker to access the underlying database and execute arbitrary commands, which may lead to sensitive information disclosure. The primary way to prevent injection attacks is to sanitize the user-supplied input. However, this is usually performed manually by developers and so is a laborious and error-prone task. Although security tools assist the developers in verifying the security of their web applications, they often generate a number of false positives/negatives. In this paper, we present our technique called Sania, which performs efficient and precise penetration testing by dynamically generating effective attacks through investigating queries. Since Sania is designed to be used in the development phase of web applications, it can intercept queries. By analyzing the queries, Sania automatically generates precise attacks and assesses the security according to the context of the potentially vulnerable slots in the queries. We evaluated our technique using real-world web applications and found that our solution is efficient. Sania generated more accurate attacks and less false positives than popular web application vulnerability scanners. We also found previously unknown vulnerabilities in a commercial product that was just about to be released and in open-source web applications.

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A digital twin for Aluminium billet DC-casting, a digital replica of the physical casting process, creates a living simulation platform that can analyse, update, and change the process to achieve the multi-objectives process optimization. In this work, we assess the possibility of integrating high throughput micro-macro scale computation,

database and an artificial neural network (ANN) to establish an analytical twin for the prediction of a typical Direct Chill casting defect of Al alloys, i.e., hot tearing. The high throughput computation consists of solidification path computation at the microscopic scale (dendrite arm scale with software Alstruc) and heat transfer, fluid flow and stress/strain computation at the macroscopic scale (the scale of billet/ingot dimensions with software Alsim). The two-scale computations are coupled via sharing with Alsim the compositional dependent solidification path (Solid fraction-Temperature curve), thermo-physical properties such as densities, thermal conductivities calculated by Alstruc. Then Alsim calculates all the field variables including thermal stress, volumetric strain, and predicts the locations of the most vulnerable position and its hot tearing susceptibility. We demonstrate that the proposed framework can efficiently predict sump depth and hot-tearing tendency in the center of billets for a range of industrial AA6xxx alloy composition, casting parameters including casting speed and casting temperature. The data generated by the multi-scale computation are used to build a database for training and testing the neural network. The utilities of the trained neural network and established database are discussed for their application to optimize DC casting recipes of 6xxx extrusion billets. Our conclusion is that the proposed high throughput multi-scale simulation, SQLite database and ANN parameterization are three essential pillars supporting the establishment of a digital casting twin, and such a twin can provide a quick screening and selection/adjustment of process parameters before casting or during casting to avoid hot-tears.

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The collection-of-books search system has been designed by ourselves in Sendai National College of Technology since 1997 when the multimedia university pilot project started. It has a PC-based database system at SNCT library and a Web-based collection-of-book research engine. The system has some simple features to put new books into the database, to search a book by using OR and AND operations of keys and to display in the web screen where the book is at the library. We show that students in our college by more often and lend more books at the library than before 2000. The system has been doing well for the last three years and is much cheaper than any other systems used in other thirty National College of Technology.

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Huge volumes of bioinformatics data are emerging from sequencing efforts, gene expression assays, X-ray crystallography of proteins, and many other activities. High-throughput experimental methods produce masses of data, so that the whole of biology has changed from a data-light science into a data-driven science. Currently there are a lot of databases and software tools dealing with these genomic data. In general, each tool and database uses a different type of data in exchange protocols, and usually they offer specific services. These Databases are design with different languages and run on different operating systems. Therefore biologists are in a difficult situation where they have to use, process and store heterogeneous data when using heterogeneous software tools and databases. Our framework, GenoMEDIA provides two main middleware to help for this integration, Lydia and Antje. On the one hand, the Lydia middleware offers us facilities for working simultaneously with a variety of Services and Databases. On the other hand, the Antje one ,with the concept of remote view, is designed to allow users to manage multiple heterogeneous remote databases in a uniform vision. The aim of this paper is to present GenoMEDIA and how heterogeneous databases and remote services are integrated, in particular how Antje was designed, implemented and tested with various genomic databases.

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Computation tree logic (CTL) is known to be one of the most useful temporal logics for verifying concurrent systems by model checking technologies. However, CTL is not sufficient for handling inconsistency-tolerant and probabilistic accounts of concurrent systems. In this paper, a paraconsistent (or inconsistency-tolerant) probabilistic computation tree logic (PpCTL) is derived from an existing probabilistic computation tree logic (pCTL) by adding a paraconsistent negation connective. A theorem for embedding PpCTL into pCTL is proven, thereby indicating that we can reuse existing pCTL-based model checking algorithms. A relative decidability theorem for PpCTL, wherein the decidability of pCTL implies that of PpCTL, is proven using this embedding theorem. Some illustrative examples involving the use of PpCTL are also presented.

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1. Effect of grayanotoxin 1 on the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles of rats was studied by the electrophysiological methods.
2. Grayanotoxin 1 has an inhibitory effect on the initiation of action potentials of fibers of both muscles. This toxin causes a gradual decrease of the resting potential and an elevation of the critical firing level.
3. As decrease in resting potential induced by this toxin was always associated with reduction of the effective membrane resistance and these phenomena were not observed upon withdrawal of Na from the medium, depolarization of the membrane in the toxic solution is considered to be due to increased permeability of the membrane to Na ions.

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We study the noise spectrum of electrical current in a voltage-biased conductor. At low frequencies, the noise power in a nondissipative conductor is below the standard quantum limit which typically appears in tunnel junctions. Energy dissipation in the conductor further reduces the low-frequency noise power, nearly to zero when the dissipation is strong enough. At high frequencies, however, the noise is no longer suppressed, and the noise power approaches the standard quantum limit irrespective of the strength of energy dissipation.

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 時制データベースと呼ばれる時間を特別な操作で扱うデータベースは，医療情報処理においても取り組むべき分野のひとつと考えるが，具体的な適用例は少ない．そこで，本研究ではATSQL 2とその実装であるTimeDBを使用し，医療情報処理へのリレーショナル型の時制データベースの技術面での適用課題について考察した．まず，ATSQL 2を例に時制データベースとその操作言語を説明した．次にTimeDBを使用し，臨床分野における具体的な時区間操作の例を示し，-92とATSQL 2の表現能力を比較した．次に，(1)ATSQL 2の3種類のセマンティクス，(2)時制に付加される暗黙の属性，(3)ATSQL 2の実装であるTimeDBの問題点を述べた．ATSQL 2を-92と混在した環境で使用する場合，セマンティクスの面と実装面で解決すべき課題があることを指摘した．

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The first Web-based version of the NIST X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database (XPSDB) is described. The current database, built from a relational database management system (RDBMS), contains critically evaluated data with over 19,000 line positions, chemical shifts, doublet splittings, and energy separations of photoelectron and Auger-electron lines. It is available free of charge to the public through the Internet at http://srdata.nist.gov/xps/.

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Kansei Engineering methods are difficult to implement into the design process due to a lack of specialized tools in the public domain. Surveys are costly to conduct, and the use and analysis of data through simplified models may not explore the deeper meaning of how Kansei relates to complex artifacts. EvokeDB, a Kansei database system for automated surveys, was created to address these issues. It implements a new model of Kansei, where realms and senses are considered important entities, into a flexible and usable web-application based on the Ruby on Rails framework. A database structure is presented, along with a description of how tables are mapped to programming objects in order to create a rich set of relationships that can be used to explore Kansei. The systems' opensource components, and the data flow between them, are explained A simulated project exemplifies the steps needed to set-up and launch an un-supervised, on-line survey to multiple, remote users.

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The proliferation of Massive Open Online Courses has made it a challenge for the user to select a proper course. We assume a situation in which the user has targeted on the knowledge defined by some knowledge categories. Then, knowing how much of the knowledge in the category is covered by the courses will be helpful in the course selection. In this study, we define a concept of knowledge category coverage and aim to estimate it in a semi-automatic manner. We first model the knowledge category and the course as a set of concepts, and then utilize a taxonomy and the idea of centrality to differentiate the importance of concepts. Finally, we obtain the coverage value by calculating how much of the concepts required in a knowledge category is also taught in a course. Compared with treating the concepts uniformly important, we found that our proposed method can effectively generate closer coverage values to the ground truth assigned by domain experts.

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二酸化セレンをあらかじめ第三プチルアルコールに加熱溶解させた溶液を酸化剤としてもちい,酢酸bl-β-テルピニルを酢酸.無水酢酸の混合溶媒に溶かした溶液に,この酸化剤を加えて室温で酸化した。反応生成物を加水分解し,その中に,二重結合にとなりあう環内のC(4)の位置の活性メチン基が酸化されたトランス-dl8(9)-p-メンテン-1,4-ジオール(主生成物)と,これが脱水して生じたと推定される3,8(9)-p-メンタジエン-dl-オール(副生成物)之の存在を確認した。これら2種の化合物はいまだ文献に記載がない未知物質である。

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The healthcare professionals have critical needs for general purpose query capabilities. These users increasingly require the use of information technology. The query needs cannot be met by form based user interfaces (or through the aids such as, the query builder). Further, the archetype-based Electronic Health Records (EHRs) databases are more complex, as compared with the traditional database systems. The present study examines a new way to support general purpose user level query language interface for querying EHR data. It presents the user with user's view of clinical concepts, without requiring any intricate knowledge of an object or stored structures. It enables clinicians and researchers to pose general purpose queries, over archetype-based Electronic Health Record systems.

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The healthcare professionals have critical needs for general purpose query capabilities. These users increasingly require the use of information technology. The query needs cannot be met by form based user interfaces (or through the aids such as, the query builder). Further, the archetype-based Electronic Health Records (EHRs) databases are more complex, as compared with the traditional database systems. The present study examines a new way to support general purpose user level query language interface for querying EHR data. It presents the user with user's view of clinical concepts, without requiring any intricate knowledge of an object or stored structures. It enables clinicians and researchers to pose general purpose queries, over archetype-based Electronic Health Record systems.

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Walking is an important factor in good health. People can have good experiences when walking with their friends, shopping, sightseeing, and so on. However, some people may lose the ability to walk because of traffic accidents or falls. Some accidents are due to properties of the landscape such as steep hills and places with poor visibility. If people recognize specific risks before walking, then they may avoid such accidents. When, people can see the road information using a smartphone or PC. However, such equipment is not friendly for elderly people and children. In this research, authors developed special mobile data viewer for such people.

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