A new unfolding theory has been established on the basis of the entropy principle and the likelihood method. This theory correctly embodies the Poisson statistics of neutron detection, and always brings a positive solution over the whole energy range. Moreover, the theory unifies both problems of overdetermined and of underdetermined. For the latter, the ambiguity in assigning a prior probability, i.e. the initial guess in the Bayesian sense, has become extinct by virtue of the principle. An approximate expression of the covariance matrix for the resultant spectra is also presented. An efficient algorithm to solve the nonlinear system, which appears in the present study, has been established. Results of computer simulation showed the effectiveness of the present theory.

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Let T be a node-weighted tree with n nodes, and let π(u, v) denote the path between two nodes u and v in T. We address two problems: (i) Path Query: Preprocess T so that, for a query pair of nodes u and v, the weight on π(u, v) can be found quickly. (ii) Path Sum Query: Preprocess T so that, for a query pair of nodes u and v, the weight sum subpath of π(u, v) can be found quickly. For the problems we present solutions with O(1) query time and O(n log n) preprocessing time.

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This paper presents a torque response control for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors based on a torque control frame. The torque control frame separates a current vector into two components: t-axis and f-axis. The t-axis represents the torque component; the f-axis, the magnetic flux component. Therefore, the torque response control is realized by using the current change in the t-axis. The effectiveness of the t-axis is first established theoretically, and then verified thought simulations and experiments.

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In advance of network communication society by the internet, the way how to send data fast with a little loss becomes an important transportation problem. A generalized flow algorithm gives the best solution for the transportation problem that which route is appropriated to exchange data. Therefore, the importance of the flow algorithm is growing more and more. In this paper, we propose a -Flow Neural Network (MF-NN) in which branch nonlinearity has a saturation characteristic and by which the flow problem can be solved with analog high-speed parallel processing. That is, the proposed neural network for the flow problem can be realized by a nonlinear resistive circuit where each connection weight between nodal neurons has a sigmodal or piece-wise linear function. The parallel hardware of the MF-NN will be easily implemented.

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marking problems are to put a mark on the entries of some given data structure in a way such that a given constraint is satisfied and the sum of the weights associated with marked entries is as large as possible. It was shown that the linear time algorithm can be obtained provided that the characterizing function of the constraint is a finite homomorphism. This paper demonstrates that we can also have the parallelizable form for solving marking problems through incorporating accumulation into list homomorphisms and forcusing on the property of finiteness in the accumulation.

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The vital cabacity and the breathing capacity have been studied in 1, 169 healthy individuals of different ages from 20 to 80 years in connection with an interest in the air velocity index.
The results show that the values of vital capacity, breathing capacity and breathing rate per square meter of body surface are, to some extent, decreased in accordance with the advent of age, although the breathing rate appears most suitable to evaluate a failure in the ventilatory function associated with emphysema or silicosis.

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Through analyzing the dynamics characteristic of neural network with an added vertex, we find that the solution quality is mainly determined by the added vertex weights. In order to increase neural network ability, a stochastic nonlinear self-feedback and flexible annealing strategy are embedded in neural network, which makes the network more powerful to escape local minima and be independent of the initial values. Simultaneously, we present that solving ability of neural network is dependence on problem. We introduce a new parameter into our network to improve the solving ability. The simulation in k random graph and some DIMACS clique instances in the second DIMACS challenge shows that our improved network is superior to other algorithms in light of the solution quality and CPU time.

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The development of vital capacity, breathing capacity, and breathing rate were studied in Japanese children and adolescents. They were males and females, ages 8 to 16, living in an urban area. In all ages examined, the vital capacity and breathing capacity per square meter of body surface were remarkably larger in males than in females. The breathing rate was similar in both sexes until the age of 10. After that period, however, it increased rapidly within a couple of years in boys, whereas it remained or even decreased in girls. The results were compared to those reported in the United States.

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We consider online learning of linear classifiers which approximately maximize the 2-norm margin. Given a linearly separable sequence of instances, typical online learning algorithms such as Perceptron and its variants, map them into an augmented space with an extra dimension, so that those instances are separated by a linear classifier without a constant bias term. However,this mapping might decrease the margin over the instances. In this paper, we propose a modified version of Li and Long's ROMMA that avoids such the mapping and we show that our modified algorithm achieves higher margin than previous online learning algorithms.

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In this paper, based on the neural network, we propose a new parallel algorithm that can escape from local minima and has powerful ability of searching the globally optimal or near-optimum solution for the independent set problem (MISP). Given a graph, the aim of the MISP is to find the largest set of vertices such that no two vertices in the set are connected by an edge. The MISP is a classic optimization problem in computer science and in graph theory with many real-world applications, and is also known to be NP-complete. By adding a nonlinear self-feedback to the neural network, we proposed a parallel algorithm that introduces richer and more flexible nonlinear dynamics and can prevent the network from getting stuck at local minima. After the nonlinear dynamics has vanished, the proposed algorithm then is fundamentally reined by the gradient descent dynamics and usually converges to a stable equilibrium point. A large number of instances have been simulated to verify the proposed algorithm.

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Sustainable timber production that improves timber self-sufficiency is needed in Japan. We focused on predicting the yield that can be supplied sustainably, considering the financial index, and examined the corresponding amounts of timber produced in relation to timber prices and logging costs. The study area consisted of privately owned forests in the area of former Sanpoku Town, Murakami City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan (38°21-33'N, 139°27-34'E). sustainable yield, which satisfied some assumed requirements, was acquired by developing a forest management model for the simulation. We also assessed the effects of timber market prices and logging costs. The results suggest that even slight changes in log prices have a large influence on sustainable yield, implying that forest owners are operating on a slim profit margin. However, the results also suggest that efforts to reduce costs should be effective for enhancing profits, leading to a larger timber supply. Our results indicate that future timber yields could be dramatically increased by practicing restrained clear-cutting for several decades.

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筋力増強訓練の基礎的データを得るため,重錘バンドを用いて膝伸展筋群・股伸展筋群・股外転筋群・股屈曲筋群の1RM値を測定した.対象は,健常女性20例20脚(右脚)で,年齢は19.7歳,体重50.4kg,身長153.6cmであった.1Repetition (以下1RM)の平均値は,膝伸展筋群12.6±3.7kgf,股伸展筋群12.7±3.6kgf,股外転筋群8.7±2.6kgf,股屈曲筋群12.1±3.4kgfであった.1RM体重比の平均値は,膝伸展筋群0.24±0.07kgf/kg,股伸展筋群0.24±0.06kgf/kg,股外転筋群0.16±0.05kgf/kg,股屈曲筋群0.23±0.06kgf/kgであった.股関節外転筋力は,他の筋群に比べ有意に低値を示した(p<0.01 ).

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The relationship between the circulation of cyclic vortex rings, which are generated cyclically by a pulsating jet, and jet pulsation conditions are investigated. First, a method for estimating the circulation of cyclic vortex rings is established based on experimental results. In this method, the formation time, i.e., the time it takes for the cyclic vortex rings to form completely, can be estimated using the self-induced velocity of the vortex rings and the convection velocity of the shear layer of the jet. If the total circulation generated by the jet up to the formation time is assumed to be acquired within the vortex core, then the circulation of cyclic vortex rings can be estimated using the slug flow model. The self-induced velocity of cyclic vortex rings and the convection velocity of the shear layer can be estimated based on the jet pulsation conditions. According to these estimation results, there exists a specific condition under which the circulation of the vortex rings becomes .

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Early detection of network troubles such as link down is important in the management of communication networks. However, it is difficult to correctly locate the failed network device since the networks are time-evolving, redundant, and not directly-observable. In this paper we focus on a detection algorithm that allows for detecting the change in a given network structure (topology) and for locating the failed link. After sending a sufficient number of test packets (probes) among multiple pairs of end nodes, we evaluate the likelihood of failure on each of the existing links. Then we use

likelihood estimation to detect failure and to infer the most suspicious link. Simulation experiments demonstrate that our method can identify the location of a failed link with good accuracy.

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The numerical values of the Doppler coefficient of a single Breit Wigner resonance and the dilutions for which the stationary values occur have been found as a function of temperature. The results are tabulated in terms of parameters which are independent of the particular resonance and model.

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In our previous study, it was revealed that high MF coal having longer “

permeation distance”, which was developed as a unique thermoplasticity index, forms lower roundness pores and thinner pore-wall structures in coke and that coke strength deteriorated when the coal blend included the longer permeation distance coal. Therefore, techniques for reducing the adverse effects of long permeation distance coal on coke strength are essential so as to utilize the coal more efficiently. Some practical techniques of design and control regarding coal grain size were developed for ameliorating coking property of long permeation distance coal in our previous paper. The techniques are based on the facts that the coke strength deterioration caused by long permeation distance coal in coal blend was suppressed with decreasing the coal size.

In this paper, influence of weathering, which is mild oxidation with air atmosphere, on permeation distance and coke strength were researched in order to clarify possibilities of controlling

permeation distance in another way of the techniques of coal size adjustment. As a result, it was found that the measured permeation distance and coke strength deterioration caused by long permeation distance coal was reduced by weathering processing although the fluidity was impaired. Accordingly, some control techniques of permeation distance by weathering were proposed for more effective utilization of long permeation distance coal.

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to figure out the information obtainable from ankle instability instrument (AII) survey among various factors related to the ankle instability. [Participants and Methods] This study targeted on 34 participants, divided the participants into stability group and instability group based on AII survey results, and measured the

isometric contraction, proprioception, dynamic balance, and joint angles. The independent t-test was used. [Results] The isometric contraction showed significance in the plantar flexion while the proprioceptive sense showed significance in both dorsiflexion and plantar flexion. The dynamic balanced showed significance in the anterior direction while the joint angles showed significance in the dorsiflexion. [Conclusion] According to the results, the participants who were classified as ankle instability patients based on AII survey results involved problems in the isometric contraction, proprioception, dynamic balance, and joint angles.

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors of ankle instability by using Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT), which have been frequently used as ankle instability tools. The participants were divided into the normal ankle group and the instability ankle group.

strength, proprioception, dynamic balance and rage of joint motion were compared in order to find out factors of instability in the questionnaires. [Participants and Methods] A total of 44 participants were classified into the control (CON) group and the chronic ankle instability (CAI) group according to questionnaire types. Muscle strength, proprioception, dynamic balance and joint angle were measured. The independent t-test was used. [Results] In the case of ankle strength, it showed significance in CON group and CAI group ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. In proprioception, it showed significance in CON group and CAI group. In dynamic balance, it showed significance in anterior (ANT) direction of the CON group and CAI group. joint angle produced significance in dorsiflexion of CON group and CAI group. [Conclusion] Information on strength, proprioception, dynamic balance of anterior direction, and joint angle of dorsiflexion is available through questionnaire CAIT.

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